Academic Journal
Biocontrol of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in raw meat using bacteriophage-loaded gelatine-pullulan composite films incorporating cellulose nanofibers.
| Τίτλος: | Biocontrol of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in raw meat using bacteriophage-loaded gelatine-pullulan composite films incorporating cellulose nanofibers. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Costa JCCP; Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain; Applied Mycology Unit, Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Science, AGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, University of Lleida, 25198, Spain. Electronic address: jeancarlos.correia@udl.cat., Entezari A; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974, Mashhad, Iran., Morcillo-Martín R; Biopren Group (RNM940), Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, University of Cordoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain., Bolívar A; Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain., Possas A; Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain., Rincón E; Biopren Group (RNM940), Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, University of Cordoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain., Espinosa E; Biopren Group (RNM940), Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, University of Cordoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain., Pérez-Rodríguez F; Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes ENZOEM, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014, Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: b42perof@uco.es. |
| Πηγή: | Food microbiology [Food Microbiol] 2026 Aug; Vol. 137, pp. 105012. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 16. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8601127 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1095-9998 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07400020 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Food Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: London : Elsevier Original Publication: London ; Orlando : Academic Press, c1984- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Salmonella enteritidis*/virology , Salmonella enteritidis*/growth & development , Meat*/microbiology , Food Packaging*/instrumentation , Food Packaging*/methods , Nanofibers*/chemistry , Bacteriophages*/physiology , Salmonella Phages*/physiology, Cellulose/chemistry ; Gelatin/chemistry ; Glucans/chemistry ; Food Preservation/methods ; Food Preservation/instrumentation ; Animals ; Chickens ; Cattle ; Swine ; Tensile Strength |
| Περίληψη: | This study aimed to develop a novel bioactive film based on a 1:4 gelatine and pullulan copolymer (GEL20:PUL80) reinforced with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and incorporating lytic bacteriophages (S16 and FO1a) for the biocontrol of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in raw meat. Physicochemical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and morphological properties of the bioactive films were characterized. Results revealed that incorporating 3-5% CNFs significantly improved phage stability during 5 weeks at 25 °C. Despite variations in CNFs content, the GEL20:PUL80 matrix maintained a high and stable release profile. Tested mechanical properties indicated that CNFs enhanced tensile strength and reduced water vapor permeability, while phage incorporation increased elasticity but slightly decreased transparency. In vitro assays demonstrated that higher CNFs content delayed initial phage release. When applied to artificially contaminated beef, chicken, and pork fillets stored at 4 and 12 °C, the films showed significant reductions in S. Enteritidis, especially at 12 °C, with the highest efficacy observed at day 7 of storage in chicken meat, resulting in a growth inhibition of 2.5 log CFU/g. The observed antimicrobial effect was attributed to the increased host metabolic activity at mild abuse temperatures, which may enhance phage infectivity rates. This effect, combined with the sustained release of active phages and the protective structure provided by CNFs, contributed to the overall performance, although the level of effectiveness varied among the different meat types. Results also evidenced a slight loss of efficacy toward the end of storage (i.e., 9 days). These findings highlight the potential of CNFs-reinforced GEL:PUL films loading phages as an eco-friendly and effective packaging solution for mitigating S. Enteritidis contamination in raw meat products, supporting the development of safe and sustainable food preservation technologies. (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Bacteriophage; Bioactive films; Foodborne pathogen; Nanocomposite materials; Sustainable food packaging |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 9004-34-6 (Cellulose) 9000-70-8 (Gelatin) 8ZQ0AYU1TT (pullulan) 0 (Glucans) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260221 Date Completed: 20260708 Latest Revision: 20260708 |
| Update Code: | 20260708 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.fm.2025.105012 |
| PMID: | 41722971 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1095-9998 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.fm.2025.105012 |