Academic Journal
Προβολή σε EDS
Συνδεδεμένο Πλήρες Κείμενο

Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines (2017-2025: An update) - endorsed by the European Society for Brain Stimulation (ESBS) and by the International Federation for Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN).

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines (2017-2025: An update) - endorsed by the European Society for Brain Stimulation (ESBS) and by the International Federation for Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN).
Συγγραφείς: Antal A; Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany., Bjekić J; Human Neuroscience Group, Centre for Neuroscience and Neuromodulation, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Serbia. Electronic address: jovana.bjekic@imi.bg.ac.rs., Ganho-Ávila A; Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo, Coimbra 3000-315, Portugal; Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Rua do Colégio Novo 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal., Alekseichuk I; Stephen M. Stahl Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA., Assecondi S; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, TN, Italy., Bergmann TO; Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany., Bikson M; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, NY, USA., Brunelin J; CH Le Vinatier, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028, UMR5292, PsyR2 Team, F-69500 Bron, France., Brunoni AR; Department of Psychiatry and Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA., Charvet L; Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Chen R; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Cohen Kadosh R; School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK; Cognite Neurotechnology Ltd, Oxford, UK., Diedrich L; Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany., D'Urso G; Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy., Ferrucci R; Department of Oncology and Emato-Oncology of University of Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy., Filipović SR; Human Neuroscience Group, Centre for Neuroscience and Neuromodulation, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Serbia., Fitzgerald PB; School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia., Flöel A; Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Standort Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany., Fröhlich F; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., George MS; Brain Stimulation Division, Medical University of South Carolina, and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA., Hamilton RH; Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Haueisen J; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany., Hallett M; Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA., Herrmann CS; Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany., Hummel FC; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX), EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation Sion, Switzerland; Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland., Jaberzadeh S; Monash University, Victoria 3199, Australia., Langguth B; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg at Bezirksklinikum, Germany., Lavidor M; Department of Psychology and the Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel., Lefaucheur JP; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, France; UR 4391, Nerve Excitability and Therapeutic team (ENT), Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France., Miniussi C; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, TN, Italy., Moliadze V; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany., Nikander M; Sooma Oy, Atomitie 5C, Helsinki, Finland., Nikolin S; University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia., Nitsche MA; Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany; German Centre for Mental Health (DZPG), Bochum, Germany; Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany., Opitz A; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA., O'Shea J; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity (OHBA), Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK., Padberg F; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Neurostimulation (CNS), LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Munich-Augsburg, Munich, Germany., Plewnia C; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Neurophysiology & Interventional Neuropsychiatry, University of Tübingen, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany., Priori A; Clinica Neurologica III, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo di Milano, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy., Ramasawmy P; Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Lab, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany., Razza LB; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Rossi S; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab, University of Siena, Italy., Rothwell J; UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK., Rueger MA; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany., Ruffini G; Neuroelectrics, Av. Tibidabo 47bis, 08035 Barcelona, Spain., Sack AT; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands (the)., Salvador R; Neuroelectrics, Av. Tibidabo 47bis, 08035 Barcelona, Spain., Schellhorn K; Neurocare Group AG, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, Ilmenau, Germany., Schuhmann T; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Netherlands (the)., Shirota Y; Department of Clinical Laboratory, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan., Siebner HR; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Thielscher A; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark., Ugawa Y; Department of Human Neurophysiology, Fukushima Medical University, Japan., Uusitalo S; Department of History, Culture and Communication Studies/ Philosophy, University of Oulu, Finland., Wexler A; Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Paulus W; Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany., Vanderhasselt MA; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Van Waes V; Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, INSERM, UMR 1322 LINC, F-25000 Besançon, France., Wessel MJ; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany., Wischnewski M; Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (the)., Baeken C; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium; Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group (NEUR), Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands (the)., Ziemann U; Department of Neurology & Stroke, and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Πηγή: Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology [Clin Neurophysiol] 2026 Apr; Vol. 184, pp. 2111436. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Nov 23.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Review
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 100883319 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-8952 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13882457 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Neurophysiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Amsterdam : Elsevier, c1999-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/adverse effects , Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/methods , Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/standards , Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/ethics , Neurophysiology*/legislation & jurisprudence , Brain*/physiology, Humans ; Europe
Περίληψη: This guideline summarizes updated safety data (2017-2025) and provides expert recommendations on the use of low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) in humans. tES encompasses several techniques including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), oscillatory transcranial direct current stimulation (otDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS), and their combinations or variations. Across over 300,000 sessions involving healthy individuals, patients with neuropsychiatric conditions, and other clinical populations, no tES-related serious adverse events (AEs) have been reported. Moderate AEs are rare and limited to a small range of specific applications. Mild AEs are common and include transient symptoms such as localized sensations (e.g., tingling or burning), headaches, and fatigue. Similar mild AEs are also reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The frequency, magnitude, and type of AEs are comparable across healthy, clinical, and vulnerable groups, including children, elderly, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application with EEG, TMS, or neuroimaging) have not shown increased safety risks. Safety is well-established for both bipolar and multichannel tES when applied up to 4 mA and up to 60 min per day. Higher intensities and longer stimulation durations may also be safe. Nevertheless, the number of studies using intensities above 4 mA or stimulating longer than 60 min is low. Home-based use of treatments is growing rapidly, leveraging remote supervision to provide patients with greater access and enable repeated, sustained dosing paradigms. We recommend using screening and AE questionnaires in future controlled studies, in particular when planning to extend the stimulation parameters applied. We discuss recent regulatory and ethical issues.
(Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: AA is the vice president of the European Society for Brain Stimulation, Member-at-Large at the EMEAC – IFCN, she serves as a paid consultant at NeuroConn, Ilmenau, and she is a paid advisor at Electromedical Products International (Pulvinar), USA. Member of the advisory board at PlatoScience, has non-financial support from Sooma Medical, she is Paid Editor by Elsevier. AGA has nonfinancial support for research from Flow Neuroscience and Sooma Medical. ATS is Chief Scientific Advisor of PlatoScience, Scientfic Advisor of Alphasys, Funder and Dierector of the Academy of Brain Stimulation and the AoBS Foundation as well as the International Clinical TMS Certification Course, receiving equpment support from MagVenture, MagStim, Deymed, Yingchi, Brainsway. CSH holds a patent on transcranial brain stimulation. FF is a paid consultant and shareholder of Electromedical Products International (EPI) and is the inventor of non-invasive brain stimulation technology for which he receives royalty payments from UNC. FP is a member of the European Scientific Advisory Board of BrainsWay Inc. (Jerusalem, Israel), and the International Scientific Advisory Board of Sooma (Helsinki, Finland); he has received speaker honoraria from Mag&More GmbH, and the neuroCare Group (Munich, Germany); his lab has received support with equipment from neuroConn GmbH (Ilmenau, Germany), Mag&More GmbH, and BrainsWay Inc. HRS has received honoraria as speaker and consultant from Lundbeck AS, Denmark, and as editor (Neuroimage Clinical) from Elsevier Publishers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. He has received royalties as book edi ni mi tor from Springer Publishers, Stuttgart, Germany, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, and from Gyldendal Publishers, Copenhagen, Denmark. KS is an employee and shareholder of Neurocare group AG. LC has received speaker fees from Soterix Medical and serves as a consultant for Syntropic Medical and Ceragem. LD has received nonfinancial support for research from NeuroCare. He has received honorarium from NeuroCare for a training course. MAN is a member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of Neuroelectrics and Precisis. MSG serves as a consultant to Abbott (DBS), Livanova (VNS) and Neuralief (trigeminal). He has ongoing grants from Livanova and Abbott. In the last 3 years PBF has received equipment for research from Neurosoft and Nexstim. He has served on a scientific advisory board for Magstim and received speaker fees from Otsuka. He has also acted as a founder and board member for TMS Clinics Australia and Resonance Therapeutics. PR has received nonfinancial support for research from Sooma Medical™, NeuroCare, and QuantalX Neuroscience. He has received honorarium from NeuroCare for a training course. RCK serves on the scientific advisory boards of Neuroelectrics Inc., Innosphere Inc., is the founder and shareholder of Cognite Neurotechnology Ltd. RF and AP are shareholder of Newronika SpA, Italy. SA is named inventor on a patent application (WO/2022/106850) jointly submitted by the University of Birmingham (UK), and Dalhousie University (CA), titled “Improving cognitive function”. SR is member of the advisory board of Sinaptica therapeutics. UZ serves on the scientific advisory board of CorTec GmbH (Freiburg, Germany). Other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
References: Brain Stimul. 2022 Nov-Dec;15(6):1439-1447. (PMID: 36328341)
Brain Stimul. 2023 Nov-Dec;16(6):1776-1791. (PMID: 38056825)
Hum Brain Mapp. 2019 Feb 15;40(3):904-915. (PMID: 30378206)
Sci Adv. 2020 Sep 2;6(36):. (PMID: 32917605)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 Sep 13;15:726604. (PMID: 34588969)
J Neurophysiol. 2007 Apr;97(4):3109-17. (PMID: 17251360)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2020 Sep 08;14:349. (PMID: 33100989)
Brain Stimul. 2023 Sep-Oct;16(5):1328-1335. (PMID: 37660936)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Apr 12;14:827188. (PMID: 35493937)
J Neural Eng. 2023 Jul 24;20(4):. (PMID: 37413982)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Feb 22;18:1297683. (PMID: 38454909)
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013 Apr;25(4):469-73. (PMID: 23325274)
Brain Stimul. 2022 May-Jun;15(3):654-663. (PMID: 35447379)
Neuroimage. 2015 Oct 15;120:25-35. (PMID: 26142274)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2011 Apr;122(4):803-7. (PMID: 20980196)
Eur J Neurol. 2017 Nov;24(11):e78. (PMID: 29024357)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Jul - Aug;11(4):727-733. (PMID: 29576498)
Life (Basel). 2023 Aug 11;13(8):. (PMID: 37629586)
Ther Adv Chronic Dis. 2021 Sep 13;12:20406223211041069. (PMID: 34729140)
Sci Adv. 2024 Nov;10(44):eado4103. (PMID: 39475597)
Neuropsychology. 2021 Jul;35(5):568-580. (PMID: 33998818)
Brain Stimul. 2021 Jul-Aug;14(4):837-847. (PMID: 33962079)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Jun;132(6):1254-1263. (PMID: 33875372)
Neuromodulation. 2023 Jun;26(4):801-816. (PMID: 36464559)
Neuroimage. 2013 Apr 15;70:48-58. (PMID: 23274187)
Brain Stimul. 2015 Sep-Oct;8(5):906-13. (PMID: 26026283)
Sci Rep. 2018 Jun 18;8(1):9265. (PMID: 29915178)
Front Neurol. 2021 Sep 06;12:695910. (PMID: 34552550)
Brain Stimul. 2013 May;6(3):424-32. (PMID: 22695026)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Nov - Dec;13(6):1559-1565. (PMID: 32896644)
JAMA Psychiatry. 2025 Jan 1;82(1):12-21. (PMID: 39476073)
Front Syst Neurosci. 2014 Jul 30;8:132. (PMID: 25126060)
Brain Stimul. 2024 May-Jun;17(3):620-632. (PMID: 38688399)
MAGMA. 2020 Dec;33(6):793-807. (PMID: 32462558)
J Pain Res. 2019 Dec 11;12:3265-3277. (PMID: 31849514)
Exp Brain Res. 2018 Oct;236(10):2573-2588. (PMID: 29943239)
Brain Behav. 2024 Jul;14(7):e3620. (PMID: 38989886)
Brain. 2022 Mar 29;145(1):224-236. (PMID: 34245244)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Dec;121(12):1976-8. (PMID: 21035740)
Imaging Neurosci (Camb). 2026 Jul 14;4:. (PMID: 42459499)
J ECT. 2021 Dec 1;37(4):281-290. (PMID: 33840803)
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2014 Sep;61(9):2488-98. (PMID: 25014947)
Brain Stimul. 2016 Sep-Oct;9(5):740-754. (PMID: 27372844)
Front Neurosci. 2019 Aug 07;13:783. (PMID: 31440126)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Jul-Aug;17(4):816-825. (PMID: 38997105)
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2023;41(5-6):193-202. (PMID: 38306067)
Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 21;7(1):876. (PMID: 28432349)
Epilepsy Behav. 2012 Nov;25(3):417-25. (PMID: 23123281)
Stroke. 2023 Aug;54(8):2145-2155. (PMID: 37377015)
Neuromodulation. 2024 Jun;27(4):759-765. (PMID: 37598327)
Clin Neurophysiol Pract. 2022 May 25;7:146-165. (PMID: 35734582)
Nat Commun. 2021 May 25;12(1):3151. (PMID: 34035240)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Nov-Dec;17(6):1241-1243. (PMID: 39481594)
J Bras Nefrol. 2024 Jul 19;46(4):e20240010. (PMID: 39051759)
Seizure. 2021 Mar;86:85-95. (PMID: 33582584)
Neural Plast. 2020 Aug 13;2020:8896423. (PMID: 32855633)
J Med Ethics. 2016 Apr;42(4):211-5. (PMID: 26324456)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Jul - Aug;11(4):734-742. (PMID: 29615367)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 13;19(14):. (PMID: 35886388)
J ECT. 2018 Dec;34(4):291-295. (PMID: 29369074)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Jul 27;16:791478. (PMID: 35966992)
Exp Neurol. 2016 May;279:127-136. (PMID: 26923911)
Brain Stimul. 2025 May-Jun;18(3):863-874. (PMID: 40222666)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2009 Jun;120(6):1183-7. (PMID: 19423386)
Neuroimage Clin. 2017 Apr 18;15:106-117. (PMID: 28516033)
BMC Neurosci. 2019 Aug 6;20(1):40. (PMID: 31387538)
Phys Med Biol. 2020 Nov 24;65(22):225018. (PMID: 32916670)
Neuroimage. 2017 Aug 15;157:34-44. (PMID: 28572060)
Brain Stimul. 2022 May-Jun;15(3):780-788. (PMID: 35568312)
Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 24;9(1):15247. (PMID: 31649289)
J Neurosci Methods. 2021 Jan 15;348:108983. (PMID: 33121983)
Brain Stimul. 2016 Sep-Oct;9(5):641-661. (PMID: 27372845)
Brain Commun. 2025 Jun 06;7(3):fcaf223. (PMID: 40574976)
J Neural Eng. 2022 Mar 08;19(2):. (PMID: 35172293)
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2009 May;53(3):257-66. (PMID: 19484445)
Am J Psychiatry. 2012 Jul;169(7):719-24. (PMID: 22581236)
Front Neurol. 2020 May 05;11:310. (PMID: 32431658)
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2022 Aug;23(8):459-475. (PMID: 35577959)
Brain Inj. 2018;32(1):135-143. (PMID: 29156988)
Neurophysiol Clin. 2019 Feb;49(1):27-32. (PMID: 30414823)
Exp Neurol. 2024 Dec;382:114972. (PMID: 39326818)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2024 Nov;167:239-240. (PMID: 39368347)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Sep 29;16:959455. (PMID: 36248688)
Neuroimage. 2019 Jan 15;185:408-424. (PMID: 30321643)
Med Eng Phys. 2020 Nov;85:63-74. (PMID: 33081965)
Neuroimage. 2016 Oct 15;140:99-109. (PMID: 27039705)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2015 Nov;126(11):2181-8. (PMID: 25922128)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Jan - Feb;11(1):134-157. (PMID: 29122535)
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 29;14(1):4955. (PMID: 38418511)
Brain Stimul. 2023 Sep-Oct;16(5):1273-1275. (PMID: 37619893)
Eur Psychiatry. 2019 Oct;62:38-44. (PMID: 31525581)
Transl Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 2;13(1):271. (PMID: 37528107)
Nat Commun. 2016 Mar 22;7:11100. (PMID: 27000523)
Neural Plast. 2018 Dec 6;2018:8525706. (PMID: 30627150)
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2020 Nov;34(11):1020-1029. (PMID: 32964776)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Jan - Feb;11(1):108-117. (PMID: 29079458)
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 21;17(7):e0270934. (PMID: 35862317)
Asian J Psychiatr. 2022 Jul;73:103100. (PMID: 35430496)
Ophthalmology. 2022 Dec;129(12):1368-1379. (PMID: 35817197)
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2012 Oct 1;39(1):9-16. (PMID: 22651961)
Neuroscientist. 2017 Apr;23(2):109-123. (PMID: 26873962)
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 7;8(1):4128. (PMID: 29515221)
Neuroimage. 2018 Oct 1;179:134-143. (PMID: 29860086)
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 15;15:1427365. (PMID: 39211540)
Neuroimage. 2013 Jul 1;74:266-75. (PMID: 23370061)
Front Neurol. 2021 Mar 09;12:625359. (PMID: 33767658)
Neurobiol Aging. 2019 Oct;82:77-87. (PMID: 31437720)
Trends Cogn Sci. 2023 Feb;27(2):189-205. (PMID: 36543610)
Neural Plast. 2019 Jul 24;2019:2689790. (PMID: 31428143)
Aphasiology. 2023;37(7):1039-1063. (PMID: 39949352)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2011 Apr;122(4):637-8. (PMID: 21075048)
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2024 Oct 14;21(1):180. (PMID: 39402554)
Brain Stimul. 2025 May-Jun;18(3):937-947. (PMID: 40274222)
Bioelectromagnetics. 2025 Feb;46(2):e22542. (PMID: 39921360)
Stroke. 2021 Jun;52(6):1951-1960. (PMID: 33866820)
Neuroimage. 2016 Oct 15;140:66-75. (PMID: 26619787)
Cerebellum. 2015 Feb;14(1):27-30. (PMID: 25231432)
Geroscience. 2025 Apr;47(2):1425-1440. (PMID: 38992335)
Mol Psychiatry. 2023 Dec;28(12):5402-5410. (PMID: 37468529)
Nat Commun. 2017 Oct 31;8(1):1199. (PMID: 29084960)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 Oct 07;15:721206. (PMID: 34690718)
Sci Rep. 2022 Jun 10;12(1):9607. (PMID: 35689084)
Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Sep 01;11:214. (PMID: 28928634)
Neurosci Bull. 2020 Oct;36(10):1191-1212. (PMID: 32418073)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Mar - Apr;11(2):310-321. (PMID: 29258808)
J Pain. 2023 Feb;24(2):226-236. (PMID: 36162791)
Ann Med. 2023;55(2):2252439. (PMID: 38100750)
Life (Basel). 2025 May 21;15(5):. (PMID: 40430246)
Adm Policy Ment Health. 2009 Jan;36(1):24-34. (PMID: 19104929)
J Neural Eng. 2011 Aug;8(4):046011. (PMID: 21659696)
Brain. 2022 Mar 29;145(1):83-91. (PMID: 35353887)
Neurosci Lett. 2019 Feb 16;694:46-50. (PMID: 30342993)
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Sep 1;146(9):801-809. (PMID: 32644131)
Brain Stimul. 2012 Oct;5(4):435-53. (PMID: 22305345)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2024 Oct;166:211-222. (PMID: 39182340)
Front Syst Neurosci. 2015 Mar 17;9:26. (PMID: 25852494)
Nat Commun. 2018 Nov 30;9(1):5092. (PMID: 30504921)
Neuroreport. 1998 Jul 13;9(10):2257-60. (PMID: 9694210)
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 18;14(9):e0221282. (PMID: 31532768)
Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2018 Sep;32(9):788-798. (PMID: 30132389)
J Vis Exp. 2016 Jan 22;(107):e53527. (PMID: 26862814)
J Neural Eng. 2023 Mar 07;20(2):. (PMID: 36758230)
J Neural Eng. 2024 Mar 11;21(2):. (PMID: 38408385)
Neuroimage. 2015 Apr 1;109:140-50. (PMID: 25613437)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Feb 02;13:765370. (PMID: 35185515)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Nov;119(11):2636-40. (PMID: 18786856)
Contemp Clin Trials. 2018 Feb;65:19-32. (PMID: 29313802)
Neuromodulation. 2018 Jun;21(4):323-333. (PMID: 28913915)
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2025 Sep;275(6):1739-1785. (PMID: 39551900)
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2024 Jan 11;16(1):6. (PMID: 38212815)
Bioelectron Med. 2022 Mar 31;8(1):6. (PMID: 35361287)
Clin Interv Aging. 2022 Nov 30;17:1739-1749. (PMID: 36474580)
Front Neurosci. 2022 Sep 15;16:987472. (PMID: 36188449)
Brain Stimul. 2017 May - Jun;10(3):553-559. (PMID: 28279641)
JAMA Psychiatry. 2022 Sep 1;79(9):847-856. (PMID: 35921102)
J ECT. 2011 Sep;27(3):256-8. (PMID: 21206371)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Aug 1;213:108132. (PMID: 32593154)
BMC Pediatr. 2022 Sep 29;22(1):566. (PMID: 36175848)
Nat Neurosci. 2019 May;22(5):820-827. (PMID: 30962628)
Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 5;7(1):4633. (PMID: 28680099)
J Neural Eng. 2020 Jan 14;17(1):016027. (PMID: 31689695)
Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Aug;64:152-161. (PMID: 28427911)
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 06;12:717255. (PMID: 34690831)
Sci Rep. 2024 May 18;14(1):11341. (PMID: 38762574)
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Aug 22;14:1199773. (PMID: 37674552)
J Pers Med. 2021 Oct 29;11(11):. (PMID: 34834466)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2025 Jul 1;272:112706. (PMID: 40378662)
Eur Psychiatry. 2018 Jun;51:25-33. (PMID: 29533819)
Nature. 2006 Nov 30;444(7119):610-3. (PMID: 17086200)
Brain Stimul. 2011 Oct;4(4):275-80. (PMID: 22032743)
J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016 Oct;36(5):534-5. (PMID: 27580497)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Oct 10;14:1009262. (PMID: 36299611)
Brain Res Bull. 2007 May 30;72(4-6):208-14. (PMID: 17452283)
J Clin Neurosci. 2020 Aug;78:277-283. (PMID: 32389548)
J Neurosci Methods. 2010 Jul 15;190(2):188-97. (PMID: 20488204)
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020 Apr 21;23(3):146-156. (PMID: 31899509)
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jun;46(6):2147-55. (PMID: 15914636)
Lancet. 2021 May 29;397(10289):2111-2124. (PMID: 34062145)
Pain Ther. 2021 Dec;10(2):961-972. (PMID: 34331668)
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 30;20(1):e0318593. (PMID: 39883628)
Epilepsy Behav Rep. 2020 Nov 25;15:100414. (PMID: 33385158)
Depress Anxiety. 2023 Aug 31;2023:9958884. (PMID: 40224599)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Nov - Dec;13(6):1566-1576. (PMID: 32927094)
Brain Sci. 2021 Feb 28;11(3):. (PMID: 33671031)
Neuromodulation. 2025 Jan;28(1):136-145. (PMID: 39396357)
Eur J Neurol. 2023 Feb;30(2):362-371. (PMID: 36305221)
Brain Stimul. 2023 May-Jun;16(3):840-853. (PMID: 37201865)
Int J Bipolar Disord. 2024 Aug 20;12(1):30. (PMID: 39162912)
Sci Rep. 2015 Jun 12;5:10618. (PMID: 26068889)
Biomedicines. 2022 Sep 20;10(10):. (PMID: 36289595)
J Physiol. 2007 Sep 1;583(Pt 2):555-65. (PMID: 17599962)
Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 20;12:788719. (PMID: 34987418)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2021 Nov 12;15:750329. (PMID: 34867243)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Jun;132(6):1358-1366. (PMID: 33781703)
Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Oct 14;9:399. (PMID: 26528131)
Bioelectromagnetics. 2019 Sep;40(6):365-374. (PMID: 31338856)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Feb;127(2):1031-1048. (PMID: 26652115)
Sci Rep. 2020 May 6;10(1):7695. (PMID: 32376946)
Exp Brain Res. 2019 Dec;237(12):3071-3088. (PMID: 31620829)
Front Behav Neurosci. 2018 Apr 25;12:76. (PMID: 29922133)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Nov;128(11):2318-2329. (PMID: 29040922)
J Health Psychol. 2022 Jan;27(1):36-46. (PMID: 32686509)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Sep-Oct;15(5):1292-1299. (PMID: 36126864)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2022 May;137:142-151. (PMID: 35316623)
Phys Med Biol. 2016 Dec 21;61(24):8825-8838. (PMID: 27897150)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2012 Oct;123(10):2006-9. (PMID: 22480602)
NPJ Digit Med. 2025 Jul 29;8(1):463. (PMID: 40730888)
Physiol Res. 2019 Dec 30;68(Suppl 4):S427-S431. (PMID: 32118473)
Neuroimage. 2020 Oct 1;219:117044. (PMID: 32534963)
Psychophysiology. 2024 Nov;61(11):e14650. (PMID: 38997945)
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 28;10(1):18488. (PMID: 33116214)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Oct;115(10):2419-23. (PMID: 15351385)
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 3;14(1):2850. (PMID: 38310134)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Jul-Aug;15(4):968-979. (PMID: 35792318)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Feb 23;11:71. (PMID: 28280463)
Brain Stimul. 2021 Jul-Aug;14(4):822-824. (PMID: 34022429)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Jan - Feb;11(1):241-243. (PMID: 29030112)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2012;2012:735-8. (PMID: 23365997)
Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Dec;106(6):1347-1357. (PMID: 29046305)
Neuroimage. 2019 Dec;203:116183. (PMID: 31525498)
EXCLI J. 2024 Jan 18;23:95-107. (PMID: 38487086)
Brain Stimul. 2013 Jul;6(4):644-8. (PMID: 23149292)
PLoS Biol. 2014 Dec 30;12(12):e1002031. (PMID: 25549264)
Cereb Cortex. 2018 Feb 1;28(2):726-737. (PMID: 29161362)
iScience. 2024 Feb 15;27(3):109230. (PMID: 38433894)
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 04;15:1335243. (PMID: 38501089)
Neurophysiol Clin. 2020 Feb;50(1):69-72. (PMID: 31848082)
Asian J Psychiatr. 2017 Dec;30:135-140. (PMID: 28934620)
Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;160:559-580. (PMID: 31277876)
Mov Disord. 2025 Jun;40(6):1051-1060. (PMID: 40202094)
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2023 Feb 1;12(2):29. (PMID: 36809335)
J Neurosci Res. 2020 Oct;98(10):1843-1856. (PMID: 32686203)
Int J Clin Health Psychol. 2022 Sep-Dec;22(3):100326. (PMID: 35990733)
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2020 May-Jun;27(3):267-278. (PMID: 30652949)
PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43776. (PMID: 22928032)
Trials. 2017 Jan 13;18(1):17. (PMID: 28086851)
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2024 Dec;281(12):6239-6252. (PMID: 39046497)
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2025 May;12(5):1022-1033. (PMID: 40125702)
Nat Rev Neurol. 2024 Aug;20(8):451-452. (PMID: 38944655)
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 20;13(1):1177. (PMID: 36670176)
J Vis Exp. 2011 May 23;(51):. (PMID: 21654618)
Front Psychiatry. 2014 Jul 21;5:86. (PMID: 25101009)
Brain Stimul. 2022 May-Jun;15(3):707-716. (PMID: 35470019)
Mil Med. 2020 Jan 7;185(Suppl 1):319-325. (PMID: 32074357)
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Jan 26;17(1):88. (PMID: 28126032)
Front Neurosci. 2022 Aug 25;16:909421. (PMID: 36090277)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Sep;128(9):1774-1809. (PMID: 28709880)
Cereb Cortex. 2018 Sep 1;28(9):3095-3114. (PMID: 28981612)
Brain Stimul. 2015 Jan-Feb;8(1):163-4. (PMID: 25468071)
JMIR Ment Health. 2025 Feb 07;12:e69294. (PMID: 39924298)
Biol Psychiatry. 1977 Feb;12(1):37-47. (PMID: 300033)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2024 Jul;163:280-291. (PMID: 38679530)
Exp Brain Res. 2016 Mar;234(3):637-43. (PMID: 26280313)
Elife. 2015 Jan 27;4:e05558. (PMID: 25626167)
Brain Stimul. 2023 Jan-Feb;16(1):100-107. (PMID: 36693536)
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Feb;45(2):702-7. (PMID: 14744917)
Brain Stimul. 2017 Mar - Apr;10(2):260-262. (PMID: 27916405)
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2022 Jul;173(3):322-325. (PMID: 35852684)
J Neurosci. 2019 Jul 10;39(28):5551-5561. (PMID: 31133558)
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Nov;142:104867. (PMID: 36122739)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2007 May;118(5):1166-70. (PMID: 17329167)
Brain Stimul. 2021 May-Jun;14(3):511-512. (PMID: 33722658)
Nat Commun. 2019 Jun 12;10(1):2573. (PMID: 31189931)
J Integr Neurosci. 2024 Oct 25;23(10):195. (PMID: 39473161)
Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 23;11(1):13179. (PMID: 34162993)
Brain Sci. 2021 Feb 10;11(2):. (PMID: 33578648)
Brain Commun. 2024 Aug 30;6(5):fcae287. (PMID: 39301290)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Sep 27;11:471. (PMID: 29021749)
Brain Stimul. 2015 Nov-Dec;8(6):1101-7. (PMID: 26198363)
Neurocase. 2022 Jun;28(3):276-282. (PMID: 35852094)
Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Dec 18;9:482. (PMID: 26733808)
Mov Disord. 2018 Apr;33(4):642-646. (PMID: 29436740)
J Clin Psychiatry. 2024 Apr 22;85(2):. (PMID: 38696220)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Nov-Dec;15(6):1475-1485. (PMID: 36371009)
Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 26;12(1):17964. (PMID: 36289296)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2018 Oct 24;10:335. (PMID: 30405402)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Sep 16;18:1458295. (PMID: 39351069)
J Neural Eng. 2022 May 04;19(2):. (PMID: 35421852)
Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl. 2023 Aug 02;5(4):100288. (PMID: 38163031)
Brain Stimul. 2019 Nov - Dec;12(6):1475-1483. (PMID: 31257092)
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2024 Sep;55(5):531-542. (PMID: 38105601)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Sep - Oct;11(5):991-997. (PMID: 29784589)
Neurophysiol Clin. 2018 Feb;48(1):53-57. (PMID: 29289423)
Behav Brain Res. 2022 Jun 25;428:113880. (PMID: 35390432)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2003 Apr;114(4):589-95. (PMID: 12686266)
Brain Stimul. 2021 Mar-Apr;14(2):316-326. (PMID: 33516860)
JAMA Neurol. 2023 Sep 1;80(9):891-902. (PMID: 37399040)
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;88(2):170-175. (PMID: 27815324)
Neuroimage. 2010 Oct 1;52(4):1268-78. (PMID: 20435146)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2012;2012:891-5. (PMID: 23366036)
EClinicalMedicine. 2023 Jan 12;56:101821. (PMID: 36684393)
Neuroimage. 2018 Nov 1;181:560-567. (PMID: 30010008)
Clin Res Regul Aff. 2015 Mar 1;32(1):22-35. (PMID: 25983531)
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2020 Nov;7(11):2310-2319. (PMID: 33080122)
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 17;12(1):4618. (PMID: 35301388)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Mar-Apr;17(2):283-311. (PMID: 38438012)
Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 12;12(1):19391. (PMID: 36371451)
J Physiol. 2000 Sep 15;527 Pt 3:633-9. (PMID: 10990547)
Lancet Neurol. 2025 May;24(5):400-412. (PMID: 40157380)
Brain Res Bull. 2019 Nov;153:273-278. (PMID: 31560945)
Front Neurol. 2014 Jul 04;5:93. (PMID: 25071695)
Lancet. 2023 Aug 12;402(10401):545-554. (PMID: 37414064)
JAMA Psychiatry. 2018 Feb 1;75(2):158-166. (PMID: 29282470)
Brain Stimul. 2020 May - Jun;13(3):686-693. (PMID: 32289698)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Nov 26;13:725013. (PMID: 34899266)
World Neurosurg. 2017 Dec;108:876-884.e4. (PMID: 28864400)
Obes Rev. 2021 Oct;22(10):e13309. (PMID: 34337843)
Cortex. 2018 Jun;103:142-152. (PMID: 29635161)
Exp Neurol. 2022 Nov;357:114201. (PMID: 35963325)
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2023 Feb 27;20(1):27. (PMID: 36849990)
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2021;39(3):221-235. (PMID: 34219679)
Brain Stimul. 2014 Nov-Dec;7(6):823-31. (PMID: 25442154)
BMC Biomed Eng. 2022 Sep 3;4(1):7. (PMID: 36057631)
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2020 Dec;127(12):1589-1597. (PMID: 32965593)
Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 18;6:31236. (PMID: 27535462)
Am J Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 1;181(9):842-845. (PMID: 39108159)
Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 25;10(11):. (PMID: 36359217)
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 07;15(1):4551. (PMID: 39915560)
Schizophrenia (Heidelb). 2022 Dec 24;8(1):114. (PMID: 36566277)
Psychiatr Q. 2018 Dec;89(4):855-867. (PMID: 29785673)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Sep - Oct;13(5):1358-1369. (PMID: 32687899)
Sci Adv. 2019 Aug 14;5(8):eaau9309. (PMID: 31453319)
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 07;15(1):4560. (PMID: 39915614)
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 31;10(1):22437. (PMID: 33384454)
Brain Connect. 2022 Jun;12(5):443-453. (PMID: 34210152)
JAMA Psychiatry. 2024 Apr 1;81(4):329-337. (PMID: 38170541)
Brain Stimul. 2019 Sep - Oct;12(5):1222-1228. (PMID: 31196835)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2018 Jul 03;12:268. (PMID: 30018543)
Nat Med. 2025 Jan;31(1):87-95. (PMID: 39433921)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Mar-Apr;15(2):385-387. (PMID: 35181531)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2009 Jun;120(6):1161-7. (PMID: 19403329)
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 3;17(6):e0269491. (PMID: 35658059)
Neurobiol Aging. 2025 Aug;152:1-12. (PMID: 40300218)
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2025 Mar 07;10(1):11. (PMID: 40055254)
J Law Biosci. 2015 Oct 12;2(3):669-696. (PMID: 27774217)
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2024 Jul;42(7):1451-1458. (PMID: 38451142)
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2020 Apr;26(4):372-381. (PMID: 31658926)
Neuromodulation. 2022 Dec;25(8):1299-1311. (PMID: 33340187)
Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 30;14(1):2501. (PMID: 38291061)
Cerebellum. 2022 Dec;21(6):1092-1122. (PMID: 34813040)
Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2017;35(6):631-642. (PMID: 29172010)
Mov Disord. 2024 Nov;39(11):1971-1981. (PMID: 39051611)
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005 Oct;73(5):852-60. (PMID: 16287385)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Jul 26;18:1444450. (PMID: 39132676)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Mar 19;116(12):5747-5755. (PMID: 30833389)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2024 Oct 23;18:1468538. (PMID: 39507062)
J Neural Eng. 2022 Oct 28;19(5):. (PMID: 36240729)
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2022 Feb 3;17(1):26-42. (PMID: 34027543)
Brain Sci. 2021 Jul 19;11(7):. (PMID: 34356180)
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Jan 15;35(1):96-101. (PMID: 20854868)
Front Neurol. 2023 May 05;14:1184056. (PMID: 37213913)
Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2023 Jun 02;9(4):. (PMID: 37160106)
Cereb Cortex. 2016 Oct;26(10):3977-90. (PMID: 27522077)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Sep-Oct;17(5):1086-1097. (PMID: 39270929)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009;2009:670-3. (PMID: 19964238)
Neuroimage. 2015 Sep;118:406-13. (PMID: 26080310)
J Clin Med. 2022 Jan 31;11(3):. (PMID: 35160235)
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 27;8(9):e76112. (PMID: 24086698)
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 14;13:822545. (PMID: 35237214)
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 16;11(1):3854. (PMID: 33594133)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2025 Feb;170:80-90. (PMID: 39700630)
Nat Protoc. 2022 Mar;17(3):596-617. (PMID: 35121855)
Neuroscience. 2018 Nov 21;393:150-163. (PMID: 30321585)
Transl Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 5;9(1):106. (PMID: 30837453)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Nov-Dec;15(6):1530-1537. (PMID: 36460293)
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2021;29:2133-2141. (PMID: 34648453)
J Cogn Neurosci. 2017 Apr;29(4):755-768. (PMID: 27897670)
Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:2715196. (PMID: 27403166)
Nat Commun. 2019 Nov 28;10(1):5427. (PMID: 31780668)
Brain Stimul. 2013 Jul;6(4):704-5. (PMID: 23290681)
Biomedicines. 2024 Jun 18;12(6):. (PMID: 38927555)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2012;2012:859-62. (PMID: 23366028)
J Neurosci. 2024 Jul 3;44(27):. (PMID: 38811165)
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 May;48(5):2356-61. (PMID: 17460302)
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 3;14(1):7865. (PMID: 38570619)
J Physiol. 2014 Aug 15;592(16):3345-69. (PMID: 24907311)
Elife. 2017 Feb 07;6:. (PMID: 28169833)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Nov;121(11):1908-14. (PMID: 20471313)
Brain Stimul. 2025 Jul-Aug;18(4):1131-1133. (PMID: 40414488)
J Neural Eng. 2023 Jan 25;20(1):. (PMID: 36621858)
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2022 Feb 3;17(1):131-141. (PMID: 32412085)
Front Psychiatry. 2019 May 16;10:334. (PMID: 31156480)
Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2022 Feb 23;8(1):e12262. (PMID: 35229023)
Nat Med. 2024 Dec;30(12):3676-3686. (PMID: 39623087)
NPJ Sci Learn. 2023 Nov 2;8(1):48. (PMID: 37919371)
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Sep 20;13:969199. (PMID: 36203828)
Brain Stimul. 2021 May-Jun;14(3):488-497. (PMID: 33706007)
Neurol Sci. 2022 Jun;43(6):4029-4044. (PMID: 35322340)
Exp Brain Res. 2011 Nov;215(2):135-40. (PMID: 21964868)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Mar - Apr;11(2):278-288. (PMID: 29169814)
Brain Stimul. 2009 Oct;2(4):215-28, 228.e1-3. (PMID: 20161507)
J Neurol. 2023 Oct;270(10):4782-4799. (PMID: 37460852)
Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Oct;50(8):3261-3268. (PMID: 30888090)
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2023 Nov;205:107825. (PMID: 37699439)
Nat Neurosci. 2023 Nov;26(11):1994-2004. (PMID: 37857775)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2015 Jul;126(7):1392-9. (PMID: 25468234)
BMJ Open. 2025 Feb 16;15(2):e091705. (PMID: 39956596)
Brain Stimul. 2021 Jul-Aug;14(4):974-986. (PMID: 34167918)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Sep - Oct;13(5):1370-1380. (PMID: 32659482)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Jul-Aug;17(4):760-768. (PMID: 38880208)
Front Neurol. 2024 Nov 11;15:1462364. (PMID: 39588230)
Neuromodulation. 2021 Aug;24(6):992-1002. (PMID: 33984873)
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2019 May;27(5):790-797. (PMID: 30802867)
J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Nov;57:51-57. (PMID: 30193898)
Neurol Sci. 2011 May;32 Suppl 1:S31-5. (PMID: 21533709)
J Med Case Rep. 2024 Apr 5;18(1):203. (PMID: 38581007)
Sci Rep. 2019 Sep 6;9(1):12858. (PMID: 31492895)
J Law Biosci. 2015 Jun 02;2(2):292-335. (PMID: 27774197)
J Pain. 2021 Oct;22(10):1256-1272. (PMID: 33845173)
Cortex. 2022 Sep;154:77-88. (PMID: 35759817)
Brain Stimul. 2014 May-Jun;7(3):460-7. (PMID: 24582373)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Mar - Apr;11(2):249-260. (PMID: 29191439)
BMC Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 19;22(1):273. (PMID: 35439977)
Neuroimage. 2016 Oct 15;140:57-65. (PMID: 27268424)
Front Neurol. 2023 Mar 01;14:1069434. (PMID: 36937523)
Neurophysiol Clin. 2024 Feb;54(1):102944. (PMID: 38387108)
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Sep;242(9):2113-2124. (PMID: 38970654)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Oct 21;7:688. (PMID: 24155708)
J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 28;11(1):. (PMID: 35011884)
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 14;15:1419243. (PMID: 39211537)
Brain Stimul. 2016 May-Jun;9(3):457-458. (PMID: 27053386)
Psychiatry Investig. 2018 Sep;15(9):914-915. (PMID: 30235920)
Neuromodulation. 2018 Jun;21(4):383-389. (PMID: 28225155)
Brain Stimul. 2017 Jul - Aug;10(4):744-747. (PMID: 28404455)
Sci Rep. 2022 Aug 18;12(1):14091. (PMID: 35982223)
Brain Stimul. 2015 May-Jun;8(3):676-8. (PMID: 25795622)
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2024 Oct;21(10):883-886. (PMID: 39327744)
Brain Stimul. 2024 May-Jun;17(3):683-686. (PMID: 38797371)
Brain Stimul. 2021 Mar-Apr;14(2):284-286. (PMID: 33482376)
Front Cell Neurosci. 2016 May 25;10:143. (PMID: 27252625)
J Neurosci Methods. 2013 Oct 15;219(2):297-311. (PMID: 23954780)
Neurotherapeutics. 2009 Apr;6(2):244-50. (PMID: 19332316)
Neuroimage. 2020 Mar;208:116431. (PMID: 31816421)
J Vis Exp. 2017 Sep 23;(127):. (PMID: 28994763)
Nat Neurosci. 2022 Sep;25(9):1237-1246. (PMID: 35995877)
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Mar;74(Pt B):330-341. (PMID: 27185286)
Front Syst Neurosci. 2010 Jun 17;4:19. (PMID: 20592951)
Neuropsychologia. 2021 Sep 17;160:107966. (PMID: 34303718)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Jul - Aug;13(4):1108-1116. (PMID: 32353419)
Transl Psychiatry. 2021 May 12;11(1):284. (PMID: 33980854)
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 4;11(1):3013. (PMID: 33542344)
Brain Stimul. 2012 Jul;5(3):430-431. (PMID: 21782547)
Sci Rep. 2019 Aug 22;9(1):12274. (PMID: 31439873)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2009 Jun;120(6):1033-4. (PMID: 19394269)
Prog Brain Res. 2021;264:323-341. (PMID: 34167661)
Neurology. 2001 Nov 27;57(10):1899-901. (PMID: 11723286)
Brain Stimul. 2017 Sep - Oct;10(5):986-987. (PMID: 28734680)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Jul 08;16:842013. (PMID: 35874159)
Prog Brain Res. 2021;264:259-286. (PMID: 34167659)
BJPsych Open. 2024 Jun 06;10(4):e118. (PMID: 38840537)
Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 02;6:27138. (PMID: 27252047)
Brain Stimul. 2019 Nov - Dec;12(6):1349-1366. (PMID: 31358456)
Brain Stimul. 2024 Sep-Oct;17(5):1076-1085. (PMID: 39245294)
Brain Stimul. 2008 Apr;1(2):97-105. (PMID: 20633376)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Oct 23;7:687. (PMID: 24167483)
JAMA Psychiatry. 2020 Feb 1;77(2):121-129. (PMID: 31617873)
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Sep 28;9:731028. (PMID: 34650977)
Brain Commun. 2023 Jul 01;5(4):fcad191. (PMID: 37545548)
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2018 Dec 7;15(1):114. (PMID: 30522497)
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Dec 21;14:1302718. (PMID: 38188043)
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2019 Jan-Feb;26(1):36-47. (PMID: 29020472)
J Physiol. 2004 May 15;557(Pt 1):175-90. (PMID: 14978199)
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Sep;279:399-400. (PMID: 31204061)
Brain Commun. 2025 Feb 19;7(1):fcaf012. (PMID: 39974175)
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2019 Sep 16;15:2663-2669. (PMID: 31571882)
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2017 May 30;14(1):46. (PMID: 28558789)
Eur J Neurosci. 2007 Nov;26(9):2687-91. (PMID: 17970738)
Front Neurol. 2025 Feb 11;16:1543712. (PMID: 40007739)
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 19;11(1):8457. (PMID: 33875729)
Brain Stimul. 2025 Jul-Aug;18(4):1097-1105. (PMID: 40374109)
Alzheimers Res Ther. 2023 Jan 25;15(1):20. (PMID: 36698219)
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 04;13:837774. (PMID: 35444569)
Trials. 2024 May 17;25(1):326. (PMID: 38755688)
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2019 Dec;126(12):1701-1706. (PMID: 31576424)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Jul;132(7):1444-1451. (PMID: 34023626)
Brain Stimul. 2023 Mar-Apr;16(2):657-666. (PMID: 36940750)
Am J Psychiatry. 2025 Mar 01;182(3):276-284. (PMID: 39876681)
Brain Stimul. 2009 Oct;2(4):201-7, 207.e1. (PMID: 20648973)
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 30;134:111072. (PMID: 38925337)
Neuroimage. 2014 Apr 1;89:216-25. (PMID: 24345389)
J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 Aug 12;71(2):503-512. (PMID: 31424410)
Brain Stimul. 2026 Jan-Feb;19(1):102981. (PMID: 41232758)
Nat Neurosci. 2023 Nov;26(11):2005-2016. (PMID: 37857774)
Nat Commun. 2018 Feb 2;9(1):483. (PMID: 29396478)
Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 24;9(1):626. (PMID: 30679770)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Apr;128(4):589-603. (PMID: 28231477)
BMC Neurosci. 2010 Mar 16;11:38. (PMID: 20233439)
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Apr 14;14:857415. (PMID: 35493946)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Sep - Oct;11(5):982-990. (PMID: 29759943)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2017 Jul;2017:1110-1113. (PMID: 29060069)
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Jan 11;10:678. (PMID: 28123362)
Brain Stimul. 2017 Nov - Dec;10(6):1055-1060. (PMID: 28779945)
PLoS One. 2010 Nov 01;5(11):e13766. (PMID: 21072168)
Brain Stimul. 2022 Jan-Feb;15(1):1-12. (PMID: 34742994)
Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Oct;50(8):3380-3388. (PMID: 31228880)
J Neural Eng. 2025 Feb 13;22(1):. (PMID: 39500046)
J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 13;11(14):. (PMID: 35887812)
Brain Stimul. 2025 Mar-Apr;18(2):103-108. (PMID: 39848538)
Sci Data. 2021 Mar 8;8(1):78. (PMID: 33686079)
Brain Behav. 2022 Sep;12(9):e2724. (PMID: 35938945)
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2013;2013:237-40. (PMID: 24109668)
J Mood Anxiety Disord. 2025 May 14;11:100127. (PMID: 40657349)
Brain Stimul. 2018 Sep - Oct;11(5):1044-1053. (PMID: 30072144)
Brain Stimul. 2024 May-Jun;17(3):633-635. (PMID: 38740181)
Clin Neurophysiol Pract. 2016 Dec 21;2:19-25. (PMID: 30214966)
Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Jul;30(7):2880-2890. (PMID: 39833357)
Cortex. 2024 Mar;172:38-48. (PMID: 38157837)
Brain Res. 2016 Nov 1;1650:10-20. (PMID: 27569587)
Neuron. 2010 Jul 15;67(1):129-43. (PMID: 20624597)
Brain Stimul. 2020 Jan - Feb;13(1):89-95. (PMID: 31481297)
Brain Stimul. 2023 May-Jun;16(3):904-917. (PMID: 37245842)
Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 24;13(1):11901. (PMID: 37488206)
Nutr Neurosci. 2021 Dec;24(12):919-926. (PMID: 31757197)
Phys Med Biol. 2016 Jun 21;61(12):4506-21. (PMID: 27223853)
Biomedicines. 2023 Apr 26;11(5):. (PMID: 37238953)
Neurosci Res. 2020 Jul;156:256-264. (PMID: 31726081)
Clin Neurophysiol. 2022 Nov;143:154-165. (PMID: 36115809)
Grant Information: 215451 United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Adverse events; Ethics; Regulation; Safety; Training; tACS; tDCS; tES
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260201 Date Completed: 20260706 Latest Revision: 20261001
Update Code: 20261001
PubMed Central ID: PMC7618810
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2111436
PMID: 41622107
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1872-8952
DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2111436