Seasonal hydrogeochemical dynamics and associated health risks of spring water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in tropical volcanic regions: a case study from the southern slope of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Seasonal hydrogeochemical dynamics and associated health risks of spring water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in tropical volcanic regions: a case study from the southern slope of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia.
Συγγραφείς: Razi MH; Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technologies, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST B. J. Habibie, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia., Maria R; Research Center for Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST Samaun Samadikun, Bandung, West Java, 40135, Indonesia., Nugraha WC; Research Center for Environmental and Clean Technologies, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST B. J. Habibie, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia. will002@brin.go.id.
Πηγή: Environmental geochemistry and health [Environ Geochem Health] 2026 Jan 25; Vol. 48 (3), pp. 114. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 25.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8903118 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2983 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02694042 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Geochem Health Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 1999- : Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers
Original Publication: Kew, Surrey : Science and Technology Letters, 1985-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Drinking Water*/analysis , Drinking Water*/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis , Seasons* , Agricultural Irrigation* , Water Quality* , Natural Springs*, Nitrates/analysis ; Groundwater/chemistry ; Fluorides/analysis ; Indonesia ; Risk Assessment ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Tropical Climate
Περίληψη: Springs in tropical volcanic regions are vital resources for drinking water, irrigation, and sustaining local communities. However, rapid land use changes and intensified anthropogenic activities have contributed to the degradation of spring water quality. This study analyzed 13 physicochemical parameters in 30 spring samples from the southern slopes of Mt. Merapi, Indonesia, during the dry and rainy seasons to characterize seasonal hydrogeochemical dynamics, evaluate spring water quality, and assess associated health risks. The Water Quality Index (WQI) and Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI) were applied to determine suitability for drinking and irrigation, alongside a non-carcinogenic risk assessment based on nitrate (NO3-) and fluoride (F-) ingestion. The results indicated that the groundwater facies were dominated by Ca-Mg-HCO3 and mixed Ca-Na-HCO3 types. Most springs had good to excellent WQI, confirming drinking suitability, whereas those influenced by agriculture and urban activities showed lower quality. The IWQI assessments similarly indicated generally good water quality, with low salinity and sodicity hazards, supporting the suitability of the water for irrigation. Statistical analysis revealed that seasonal variations did not significantly affect the hydrogeochemical composition or overall groundwater quality. Furthermore, NO3- and F- contamination was closely linked to surface runoff and infiltration from agricultural and domestic wastewater. The Total Hazard Index (THI) of NO3- and F- indicated that infants are more vulnerable to non-carcinogenic health effects than children and adults. These findings emphasize the link between spring water quality and human health, providing evidence for sustainable groundwater management in volcanic regions.
(© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interest: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Hydrogeochemistry; Irrigation water; Non-carcinogenic health risk; Tropical volcanic spring; Water quality index (WQI)
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Drinking Water)
0 (Nitrates)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
Q80VPU408O (Fluorides)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260124 Date Completed: 20260630 Latest Revision: 20260630
Update Code: 20260701
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03010-4
PMID: 41580575
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1573-2983
DOI:10.1007/s10653-026-03010-4