Academic Journal
Evaluation of ICAM and VCAM as biomarkers in serum and bronchoscopic lavage samples of lung cancer patients.
| Τίτλος: | Evaluation of ICAM and VCAM as biomarkers in serum and bronchoscopic lavage samples of lung cancer patients. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Gülbahar BN; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey., Aksakal A; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey. alperennaksakal@hotmail.com., Kerget B; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey., Öztürk N; Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey., Araz Ö; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey., Uçar EY; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey., Sağlam L; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Yakutiye Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey. |
| Πηγή: | Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico [Clin Transl Oncol] 2026 Jul; Vol. 28 (7), pp. 2690-2700. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 20. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 101247119 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1699-3055 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1699048X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Transl Oncol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: <2010- >: Milan : Springer Italia Original Publication: Barcelona, Spain : Doyma, c2005- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Lung Neoplasms*/blood , Lung Neoplasms*/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms*/mortality , Lung Neoplasms*/metabolism , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*/blood , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*/analysis , Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1*/metabolism , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1*/blood , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1*/analysis , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1*/metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor*/blood , Biomarkers, Tumor*/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor*/metabolism , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid*/chemistry , Cell Adhesion Molecules*/blood , Cell Adhesion Molecules*/analysis , Cell Adhesion Molecules*/metabolism, Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Aged ; Bronchoscopy ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; ROC Curve ; Antigens, CD |
| Περίληψη: | Background: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic potential of adhesion molecules ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 by analyzing their levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from patients with lung cancer. Methods: This prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted at the chest diseases clinic of Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine from March 2024 to May 2025. Patients diagnosed with malignant or benign lung disease by bronchoscopy, along with a control group of healthy volunteers, were included in the study. Serum samples were collected from all participants, and BAL samples were obtained from the patient groups. ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 20.0 software package. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated with ROC analysis, and 1-year survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: In the lung cancer group, ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 levels in serum and BAL samples were significantly higher compared to the benign and control groups (p < 0.001 for all). BAL ICAM-2 level showed the highest diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.990; sensitivity and specificity: 96.4%). Serum ICAM-2 and ICAM-1 also showed high diagnostic performance. BAL ICAM-1 levels were significantly higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) than in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (p = 0.036). High serum ICAM-1 and BAL ICAM-2 levels were associated with mortality (p = 0.048 and p = 0.015, respectively). Conclusions: Serum and BAL levels of ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 show promise as potential diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Among these, BAL ICAM-2 levels are especially notable due to their high diagnostic accuracy and link to survival. (© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Federación de Sociedades Españolas de Oncología (FESEO).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Conflict of interest: None to declare. Ethical approval: The Institutional Review Board at Erzurum Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee approved this study (Board date: 21.02.2024, protocol number: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/44), which was conducted in compliance with the 2013 version of the 1975 Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent: Patients or their legal representatives provided written and verbal consent about the study. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Clinical trial number: Not applicable. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Biomarker; Bronchoalveolar lavage; Diagnosis; ICAM-1; ICAM-2; Lung cancer; Prognosis; VCAM-1 |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1) 126547-89-5 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1) 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) 0 (Cell Adhesion Molecules) 0 (ICAM2 protein, human) 0 (ICAM1 protein, human) 0 (Antigens, CD) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260120 Date Completed: 20260619 Latest Revision: 20261010 |
| Update Code: | 20261010 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s12094-025-04199-z |
| PMID: | 41557144 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1699-3055 |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s12094-025-04199-z |