Academic Journal
The association between social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors and the incidence of hand osteoarthritis: A cohort study of British adults.
| Τίτλος: | The association between social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors and the incidence of hand osteoarthritis: A cohort study of British adults. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Liu H; Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM, Cangzhou, Hebei, 061000, China.; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Osteoarthrosis Research (Preparing), Cangzhou, Hebei, 061000, China., Jin Y; Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China., Zhang D; Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China., Mei J; Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China., Liu Y; Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China. yaoliu_sdtumor@163.com., Sun Y; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. sunyong@sdfmu.edu.cn., Liu J; Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. jnliu1023@163.com., He Q; Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. hq0601_mj@163.com. |
| Πηγή: | Clinical rheumatology [Clin Rheumatol] 2026 Mar; Vol. 45 (3), pp. 1845-1854. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 02. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8211469 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1434-9949 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07703198 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Clin Rheumatol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: <2008->: Heidelberg : Springer Original Publication: Brussels : Acta Medica Belgica, [1982- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Osteoarthritis*/epidemiology , Osteoarthritis*/metabolism , Life Style* , Hand Joints* , Social Determinants of Health*, United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Aged ; Adult ; Prospective Studies ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Cohort Studies |
| Περίληψη: | Objective: Hand osteoarthritis (Hand OA) is a common non-weight-bearing joint degenerative disease. Although age and gender are recognized as the main risk factors, research on the comprehensive impact of common and modifiable risk factors on the onset of Hand OA remains crucial. We aim to evaluate the prospective associations between social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors and the onset of Hand OA. Methods: This study included 26,778 adults from the UK Biobank who reported no OA at baseline and no OA other than Hand OA at the final follow-up. The median follow-up duration was 8.85 years. A composite score-the Social, Lifestyle, and Metabolic (SLM) score-was developed based on 14 modifiable factors: 4 social determinants, 5 lifestyle behaviors, and 5 metabolic risk factors. One point was assigned for each adverse exposure (range: 0-14). Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to examine the association between baseline SLM score and incident Hand OA. Subgroup analyses were performed by age and sex. To improve model robustness, a social-metabolic (SM) score excluding the lifestyle component was additionally constructed for sensitivity analyses. Results: A higher baseline SLM score was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident Hand OA in a dose-response manner (P < 0.001). Compared with participants with lower SLM scores, those with higher scores had a 2.37-fold increased risk of developing Hand OA (AHR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.39-4.03, P = 0.001). In the domain-specific analyses, higher scores for social determinants (AHR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07-2.01, P = 0.016) and metabolic factors (AHR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.49-3.07, P = 3.76 × 10⁻5) were significantly associated with increased Hand OA risk, while lifestyle scores showed a similar trend but were not statistically significant (AHR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.75-1.38, P = 0.899). After excluding the lifestyle domain, the predictive performance of the SM score further improved (AHR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.77-3.36, P = 5.21 × 10⁻⁸). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was more pronounced in women (AHR = 2.47, P = 0.007) and adults under 60 years (AHR = 3.00, P = 0.0003), with a consistent positive trend also observed in men and older adults. Conclusion: Beyond unmodifiable factors such as age and sex, targeted health interventions focusing on social and metabolic domains are crucial for preventing Hand OA. The SLM score may serve as a practical risk stratification tool to identify high-risk individuals and guide precision prevention strategies. Key Points • The SLM score at baselinewas significantly linearly correlated with the incidence of HandOA at the end of follow-up. • Higher SLM scores at baseline were significantly associated with an increased risk of hand osteoarthritis at the end of follow-up. • Among the three domains of the SLM index, social determinants and metabolic factors demonstrated stronger predictive power for hand OA than lifestyle behaviors. • The SLM index offers a simple yet effective tool for identifying high-risk individuals and may facilitate early intervention strategies for hand OA prevention. (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All participants provided written informed consent. The UK Biobank was conducted with ethical approval from the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee ( www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/ethics/ ). Consent for publication: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. |
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| Grant Information: | Grant No. 52201299 Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Grant Nos. ZR2023QH275 Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Grant Nos. ZR2022QE192 The Youth Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province; Grant Nos. ZR2022QE287 The Youth Foundation of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Hand osteoarthritis; Incidence risk; Lifestyle; Metabolic factors; Social determinants |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260103 Date Completed: 20260220 Latest Revision: 20261009 |
| Update Code: | 20261009 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10067-025-07868-0 |
| PMID: | 41483080 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1434-9949 |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s10067-025-07868-0 |