The association of methadone use with physical function and frailty among persons who inject drugs.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος:	The association of methadone use with physical function and frailty among persons who inject drugs.
Συγγραφείς:	Kulik GL; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA., Hsu HY; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Rudolph J; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Jiang Y; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Erlandson KM; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA., Piggott DA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Mehta S; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA., Walston JD; Division of Gerontology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Kirk G; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Brown TT; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Division of Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Sun J; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Πηγή:	Addiction (Abingdon, England) [Addiction] 2026 May; Vol. 121 (5), pp. 1217-1226. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 24.
Τύπος έκδοσης:	Journal Article
Γλώσσα:	English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού:	Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9304118 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1360-0443 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09652140 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Addiction Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):	Publication: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell Original Publication: Abingdon, Oxfordshire, UK : Carfax Pub. Co., c1993-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH):	Methadone/therapeutic use , Methadone/adverse effects , Frailty/epidemiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/drug therapy , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology , Opioid-Related Disorders/drug therapy, Baltimore/epidemiology ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Opiate Substitution Treatment ; Hand Strength
Περίληψη:	Background and Aims: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) experience a high burden of early-onset frailty, primarily due to multifactorial causes such as infections (human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], hepatitis C virus [HCV]), substance use, and polypharmacy. Methadone, although an effective treatment for opioid use disorder, has demonstrated toxicity across several body systems that may impact or accelerate the aging process. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to determine the association of methadone use with frailty and physical function among PWID. Design: This study performed a retrospective analysis from the AIDS Linked to IntraVenous Experience (ALIVE) longitudinal cohort between 2005 and 2020, using multivariable mixed effect logistic regression, adjusting for demographics, body mass index, substance use, HIV, and comorbidities. Setting: Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Participants: Adult participants (≥18 years) were recruited into the ALIVE cohort if they reported a history of or current injection drug use. Our study included 2153 participants with 13 909 person-years of follow-up. Measurements: Methadone usage, whether prescribed or non-medical, was self-reported by participants during study follow-up. The primary outcome measurement was frailty as defined by the Fried frailty phenotype. Physical function was measured using grip strength and 4-m gait speed. Findings: At baseline, 883 were currently using methadone. Median age was 48 (interquartile range: 42, 53) years; 81% were Black, 34% female, 80% had incomes <$5000, and 31% were living with HIV. Methadone use was associated with 25% higher odds of frailty (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09, 1.43). This difference suggested that the odds of frailty among individuals using methadone at age 50 were comparable to those not using methadone at age 54. Methadone use was associated with lower average grip strength [-0.71 kg (95% CI: -0.94, -0.48)], but not slower gait speed. Conclusions: Among persons who inject drugs, those using methadone appear to be more likely to experience frailty at an earlier age compared with those not using methadone. Early screening for frailty and other geriatric conditions may be warranted among individuals with active methadone use in this population. (© 2025 The Author(s). Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.)
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Grant Information:	K12HL143957 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; K24AG082527 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; K01 AI162247 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; P30 AG021334 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; K01AI162247 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; K24 AG082527 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; U01DA036297 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; K24AI120834 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; T32AI150547 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Contributed Indexing:	Keywords: aging; frailty; functional impairment; methadone; opioid agonist therapy; persons who inject drugs; physical function
Substance Nomenclature:	UC6VBE7V1Z (Methadone)
Entry Date(s):	Date Created: 20251224 Date Completed: 20260417 Latest Revision: 20260517
Update Code:	20260517
PubMed Central ID:	PMC13088933
DOI:	10.1111/add.70306
PMID:	41437797
Βάση Δεδομένων:	MEDLINE

Περιγραφή
ISSN:	1360-0443
DOI:	10.1111/add.70306