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Safeguarding maternal health against extreme heat in India: A policy analysis of state-level heat action plans.

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Τίτλος: Safeguarding maternal health against extreme heat in India: A policy analysis of state-level heat action plans.
Συγγραφείς: Cipriano Flores GJ; The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK., Surendran S; The George Institute for Global Health, Delhi, India., Kumar K; The George Institute for Global Health, Delhi, India., Nambiar D; The George Institute for Global Health, Delhi, India., Hirst JE; The George Institute for Global Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Πηγή: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics [Int J Gynaecol Obstet] 2026 Jun; Vol. 173 (3), pp. 1443-1453. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 17.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0210174 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-3479 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00207292 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Gynaecol Obstet Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2017- : Malden, MA : Wiley
Original Publication: [New York, NY] Hoeber Medical Division, Harper & Row, [c1969-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Extreme Heat*/adverse effects , Maternal Health* , Health Policy*, Humans ; Female ; India ; Pregnancy ; Climate Change ; Lactation ; Policy Making
Περίληψη: Objective: This study identifies and characterizes policy measures across Indian states to protect pregnant and lactating women from extreme heat exposure through a thematic analysis of state-level heat and climate adaptation plans.
Methods: Using content analysis, we systematically reviewed publicly available Heat Action Plans (HAPs) (N = 19) and, when unavailable, the State Action Plan on Climate Change (N = 16) from all Indian states and union territories. Strategies referencing pregnant and lactating women, either directly or indirectly (i.e., as part of a group identified as vulnerable), were extracted, categorized and coded.
Results: Twelve of 35 state plans (33%) contained no recommendations for pregnant or lactating women. The remaining 23 plans listed 214 strategies, comprising 102 unique strategies (no repetitions). However, only 40 directly addressed this group. Karnataka (16), Telangana (11), and Delhi (10) had the highest number of unique strategies. Strategies were categorized using the four-category climate adaptation framework of Chersich et al. and fell into behavior change actions (n = 100), structural/policy, and climate-financing support measures (n = 51), health system interventions (n = 38), and built environment/cooling solutions (n = 25).
Conclusion: Strategies specifically addressing pregnant and lactating women during extreme heat remain limited across Indian states, with most focusing on behavioral interventions rather than structural solutions. Critical gaps exist in 12 states with no targeted measures. Very few strategies focus on pregnant and lactating women in the HAPs. Strengthening evidence-based, targeted adaptation policies and implementing comprehensive structural interventions are critical to protecting them from the increasing heat exposure risks.
(© 2025 The Author(s). International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.)
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Grant Information: 227191/Z/23/Z United Kingdom WT_ Wellcome Trust
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: India; climate change; heat; lactation; mothers; policy; pregnancy; temperature
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20251217 Date Completed: 20260514 Latest Revision: 20260516
Update Code: 20260516
PubMed Central ID: PMC13173611
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.70747
PMID: 41403386
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1879-3479
DOI:10.1002/ijgo.70747