Academic Journal
Repeated crack cocaine inhalation increases a panic-related response and alters serotonin immunoreactivity in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
| Τίτλος: | Repeated crack cocaine inhalation increases a panic-related response and alters serotonin immunoreactivity in the dorsal raphe nucleus. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Dos Anjos Rosário B; Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil., Lemes JA; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil., Ceneviva R; Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil., Ribeiro DA; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil., de Barros Viana M; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: mviana@unifesp.br. |
| Πηγή: | Behavioural brain research [Behav Brain Res] 2026 Feb 04; Vol. 497, pp. 115898. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 26. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8004872 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1872-7549 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01664328 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Behav Brain Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Serotonin*/metabolism , Dorsal Raphe Nucleus*/drug effects , Dorsal Raphe Nucleus*/metabolism , Crack Cocaine*/administration & dosage , Crack Cocaine*/pharmacology , Crack Cocaine*/blood , Panic*/drug effects , Panic Disorder*/chemically induced, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism ; Cocaine/blood ; Cocaine/analogs & derivatives ; Escape Reaction/drug effects ; Animals ; Male ; Rats, Wistar ; Rats ; Administration, Inhalation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Anxiety |
| Περίληψη: | Crack cocaine is a highly addictive free base form of cocaine, that produces significant behavioral and neurobiological changes, including neuropsychiatric symptoms. Previously, we found that crack administration in rats altered escape responses and immunohistochemical activity in panic-modulating brain regions. This study investigates effects of crack cocaine using a rodent inhalation model. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and exposed to 100 or 250 mg of crack, for 5 days. On the fifth day, Group 1 was euthanized for plasma concentration of cocaine and metabolites. Animals from Group 2 were tested in the elevated T-maze (ETM), for measurement of avoidance and escape responses, in clinical terms associated to generalized anxiety and panic disorder, respectively. Locomotor activity was also assessed. Since serotonin (5-HT) is one of the main neurotransmitters associated to anxiety/panic modulation and cocaine interferes with 5-HT neurotransmission, we also analyzed FosB/deltaFosB immunoreactivity in 5-HT dorsal raphe (DR) cells. Plasma concentrations of cocaine and metabolites confirmed the effectiveness of the procedure and showed that exposure to 250 mg induced higher concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine. Exposure to crack 250 mg decreased escape latencies, a panicogenic-like effect, and increased FosB/deltaFosB immunoreactivity in the lateral wings (lwDR) and dorsal region (DRD) of the DR. Double immunoreactivity was also increased in the DRD. lwDR 5-HT neurons were less activated. No other significant results were found. These observations contribute to a better understanding of behavioral and neurobiological effects of crack cocaine. (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Anxiety; Crack cocaine; Elevated T-maze; FosB/deltaFosB; Panic; Serotonin |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin) 0 (Crack Cocaine) 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos) I5Y540LHVR (Cocaine) 0 (Fosb protein, rat) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20251028 Date Completed: 20251113 Latest Revision: 20260224 |
| Update Code: | 20260225 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115898 |
| PMID: | 41151643 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1872-7549 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115898 |