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Strong concordance and correlation between direct alcohol biomarkers and alcohol self-report among youth with variable drinking patterns.

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Title: Strong concordance and correlation between direct alcohol biomarkers and alcohol self-report among youth with variable drinking patterns.
Authors: Meredith LR; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: meredith@musc.edu., Kirkland AE; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Green R; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Tomko RL; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Browning BD; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Gray KM; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Anton RF; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA., Miranda R Jr; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA., Squeglia LM; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Source: Drug and alcohol dependence [Drug Alcohol Depend] 2025 Sep 01; Vol. 274, pp. 112734. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 26.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: Ireland NLM ID: 7513587 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1879-0046 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03768716 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Drug Alcohol Depend Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Limerick : Elsevier
Original Publication: Lausanne, Elsevier Sequoia.
MeSH Terms: Glycerophospholipids*/blood , Glucuronates*/urine , Alcohol Drinking*/urine , Alcohol Drinking*/blood , Alcohol Drinking*/psychology , Underage Drinking*/psychology , Self Report*, Biomarkers/blood ; Biomarkers/urine ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adolescent ; Young Adult
Abstract: Background: Heavy drinking among adolescents is associated with various consequences but is often undetected, limiting early intervention. Self-report of alcohol use has strengths but can be inaccurate due to recall biases and underreporting. Objective biomarkers may improve detection of drinking and related consequences, but few adolescent studies have assessed biomarker concordance with subjective self-report.
Methods: Youth aged 15-19 (54 % female) with minimal (n = 22) or heavy (n = 56) drinking patterns attended two research-related visits, approximately 13 days apart. Biospecimens were collected at both visits for urine ethylglucuronide (EtG) quantification (100ng/ml cutoff) and at visit two for whole blood phosphatidylethanol (PEth) quantification (20ng/ml cutoff). Cohen's Kappa concordance and Spearman's Rank Order correlations compared biomarkers and self-report drinking via Timeline Follow-back method. Exploratory analyses evaluated whether PEth improved model accuracy for alcohol-related severity outcomes beyond self-report.
Results: EtG had moderate concordance with any prior 2- or 3-day drinking (κ=.46-.53) at visit one but had substantial concordance by visit two (κ=.66-.80). PEth showed substantial concordance with any drinking (κ=.63-.66) and was strongly correlated with total drinks (rs=.80-.82) in prior 2- or 4-weeks. PEth and self-report drinking were not consistently associated with severity outcomes, although PEth improved model accuracy for select outcomes.
Conclusions: Findings largely support agreement of biomarkers with adolescent reported drinking in a research context without contingent rewards or punishments. Results suggest that collection of alcohol biomarkers may be most informative at an initial appointment to inform study eligibility. Quantity of alcohol consumption alone did not adequately account for youth-reported alcohol-related consequences.
(Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: KMG has provided consultation to Achieve Life Sciences, Indivior, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and has received research support from Aelis Farma.
References: Addiction. 2011 May;106(5):882-4; discussion 895-7. (PMID: 21477236)
Addiction. 2009 Jun;104(6):921-6. (PMID: 19466918)
Liver Transpl. 2006 Jan;12(1):22-3. (PMID: 16382455)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Nov;44(11):2177-2186. (PMID: 32981101)
Drug Test Anal. 2022 Oct;14(10):1800-1802. (PMID: 35851997)
J Forensic Sci. 2018 Nov;63(6):1634-1640. (PMID: 30005144)
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012 Apr;220(3):529-39. (PMID: 21952669)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015 May;39(5):905-10. (PMID: 25866234)
Alcohol Alcohol. 2015 Sep;50(5):519-25. (PMID: 26051989)
Biometrics. 1977 Mar;33(1):159-74. (PMID: 843571)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Apr 1;257:111265. (PMID: 38492254)
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jan 2;49(1):76-84. (PMID: 36812240)
Addiction. 1993 Jun;88(6):791-804. (PMID: 8329970)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jun;38(6):1706-11. (PMID: 24848614)
J Nutr. 2019 Dec 1;149(12):2199-2205. (PMID: 31268139)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Nov;22(8):1832-7. (PMID: 9835304)
J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 20:22-33;quiz 34-57. (PMID: 9881538)
Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2012;22(3):276-82. (PMID: 23092060)
Am J Addict. 2018 Mar;27(2):116-123. (PMID: 29356194)
Braz J Psychiatry. 2013 Oct-Dec;35(4):416-31. (PMID: 24402217)
Turk J Emerg Med. 2018 Aug 07;18(3):91-93. (PMID: 30191186)
Arch Intern Med. 1998 Sep 14;158(16):1789-95. (PMID: 9738608)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Sep 21;21(9):. (PMID: 39338138)
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009 Sep;70(5):797-804. (PMID: 19737505)
Addiction. 2003 Dec;98 Suppl 2:51-61. (PMID: 14984242)
J Clin Gastroenterol. 2023 Jul 01;57(6):537-545. (PMID: 37039472)
J Abnorm Psychol. 1982 Jun;91(3):199-209. (PMID: 7096790)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2021 Jun;45(6):1166-1187. (PMID: 33837975)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jul;38(7):1826-8. (PMID: 24961935)
Addict Behav. 2022 Jun;129:107278. (PMID: 35217414)
Int J Legal Med. 2017 Jan;131(1):153-160. (PMID: 27596747)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Jan;49(1):5-24. (PMID: 39532676)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Nov 1;156:289-296. (PMID: 26455816)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Apr 1;257:111254. (PMID: 38457964)
Alcohol Res. 2018;39(1):5-15. (PMID: 30557142)
J Addict Dis. 2004;23(1):29-38. (PMID: 15077838)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jul;38(7):2056-65. (PMID: 24773137)
Subst Use Misuse. 2022;57(4):531-538. (PMID: 35006043)
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Dec 1;157:184-7. (PMID: 26475403)
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2020 May;192:172906. (PMID: 32179028)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Oct 30;12(11):14021-33. (PMID: 26529004)
Pediatrics. 2020 Oct;146(4):. (PMID: 32968030)
Addict Behav. 1986;11(2):149-61. (PMID: 3739800)
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016 Nov;40(11):2292-2295. (PMID: 27716960)
Compr Psychiatry. 2005 Nov-Dec;46(6):405-16. (PMID: 16275207)
J Stud Alcohol. 1989 Jan;50(1):30-7. (PMID: 2927120)
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Alcohol Alcohol. 2015 Jul;50(4):399-406. (PMID: 25882743)
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2017 May;43(3):341-349. (PMID: 27588338)
Am J Addict. 2001 Spring;10(2):178-89. (PMID: 11444159)
Grant Information: T32 DA007288 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; K01 AA031745 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; K23 AA025399 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; K24 AA031052 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P20 GM148302 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Adolescent; Alcohol; Biomarker; Concordance; Ethylglucuronide; Phosphatidylethanol; Young adult
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Biomarkers)
0 (Glycerophospholipids)
0 (phosphatidylethanol)
0 (Glucuronates)
17685-04-0 (ethyl glucuronide)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250606 Date Completed: 20250729 Latest Revision: 20260807
Update Code: 20260807
PubMed Central ID: PMC12617837
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.112734
PMID: 40479923
Database: MEDLINE
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  Data: Strong concordance and correlation between direct alcohol biomarkers and alcohol self-report among youth with variable drinking patterns.
– Name: Author
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meredith+LR%22">Meredith LR</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: meredith@musc.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kirkland+AE%22">Kirkland AE</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Green+R%22">Green R</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tomko+RL%22">Tomko RL</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Browning+BD%22">Browning BD</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gray+KM%22">Gray KM</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Anton+RF%22">Anton RF</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Miranda+R+Jr%22">Miranda R Jr</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Squeglia+LM%22">Squeglia LM</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%227513587%22">Drug and alcohol dependence</searchLink> [Drug Alcohol Depend] 2025 Sep 01; Vol. 274, pp. 112734. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 May 26.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier%22">Elsevier </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Ireland <i>NLM ID: </i>7513587 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1879-0046 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2203768716%22">03768716 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Drug Alcohol Depend <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: Limerick : Elsevier<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Lausanne, Elsevier Sequoia.
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  Label: MeSH Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Glycerophospholipids%22">Glycerophospholipids*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Glycerophospholipids+blood%22">blood</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Glucuronates%22">Glucuronates*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Glucuronates+urine%22">urine</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking%22">Alcohol Drinking*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking+urine%22">urine</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking%22">Alcohol Drinking*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking+blood%22">blood</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking%22">Alcohol Drinking*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alcohol+Drinking+psychology%22">psychology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Underage+Drinking%22">Underage Drinking*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Underage+Drinking+psychology%22">psychology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Self+Report%22">Self Report*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biomarkers%22">Biomarkers</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biomarkers+blood%22">blood</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biomarkers%22">Biomarkers</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biomarkers+urine%22">urine</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Female%22">Female</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Male%22">Male</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Adolescent%22">Adolescent</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Young+Adult%22">Young Adult</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Heavy drinking among adolescents is associated with various consequences but is often undetected, limiting early intervention. Self-report of alcohol use has strengths but can be inaccurate due to recall biases and underreporting. Objective biomarkers may improve detection of drinking and related consequences, but few adolescent studies have assessed biomarker concordance with subjective self-report.<br />Methods: Youth aged 15-19 (54 % female) with minimal (n = 22) or heavy (n = 56) drinking patterns attended two research-related visits, approximately 13 days apart. Biospecimens were collected at both visits for urine ethylglucuronide (EtG) quantification (100ng/ml cutoff) and at visit two for whole blood phosphatidylethanol (PEth) quantification (20ng/ml cutoff). Cohen's Kappa concordance and Spearman's Rank Order correlations compared biomarkers and self-report drinking via Timeline Follow-back method. Exploratory analyses evaluated whether PEth improved model accuracy for alcohol-related severity outcomes beyond self-report.<br />Results: EtG had moderate concordance with any prior 2- or 3-day drinking (κ=.46-.53) at visit one but had substantial concordance by visit two (κ=.66-.80). PEth showed substantial concordance with any drinking (κ=.63-.66) and was strongly correlated with total drinks (r<subscript>s</subscript>=.80-.82) in prior 2- or 4-weeks. PEth and self-report drinking were not consistently associated with severity outcomes, although PEth improved model accuracy for select outcomes.<br />Conclusions: Findings largely support agreement of biomarkers with adolescent reported drinking in a research context without contingent rewards or punishments. Results suggest that collection of alcohol biomarkers may be most informative at an initial appointment to inform study eligibility. Quantity of alcohol consumption alone did not adequately account for youth-reported alcohol-related consequences.<br /> (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: KMG has provided consultation to Achieve Life Sciences, Indivior, and Jazz Pharmaceuticals, and has received research support from Aelis Farma.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Addiction. 2011 May;106(5):882-4; discussion 895-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221477236%22">21477236)</searchLink><br />Addiction. 2009 Jun;104(6):921-6. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219466918%22">19466918)</searchLink><br />Liver Transpl. 2006 Jan;12(1):22-3. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216382455%22">16382455)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2020 Nov;44(11):2177-2186. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232981101%22">32981101)</searchLink><br />Drug Test Anal. 2022 Oct;14(10):1800-1802. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235851997%22">35851997)</searchLink><br />J Forensic Sci. 2018 Nov;63(6):1634-1640. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230005144%22">30005144)</searchLink><br />Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2012 Apr;220(3):529-39. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2221952669%22">21952669)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2015 May;39(5):905-10. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225866234%22">25866234)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Alcohol. 2015 Sep;50(5):519-25. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226051989%22">26051989)</searchLink><br />Biometrics. 1977 Mar;33(1):159-74. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%22843571%22">843571)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Apr 1;257:111265. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238492254%22">38492254)</searchLink><br />Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jan 2;49(1):76-84. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2236812240%22">36812240)</searchLink><br />Addiction. 1993 Jun;88(6):791-804. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%228329970%22">8329970)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jun;38(6):1706-11. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224848614%22">24848614)</searchLink><br />J Nutr. 2019 Dec 1;149(12):2199-2205. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231268139%22">31268139)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998 Nov;22(8):1832-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229835304%22">9835304)</searchLink><br />J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 20:22-33;quiz 34-57. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229881538%22">9881538)</searchLink><br />Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2012;22(3):276-82. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223092060%22">23092060)</searchLink><br />Am J Addict. 2018 Mar;27(2):116-123. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229356194%22">29356194)</searchLink><br />Braz J Psychiatry. 2013 Oct-Dec;35(4):416-31. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224402217%22">24402217)</searchLink><br />Turk J Emerg Med. 2018 Aug 07;18(3):91-93. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230191186%22">30191186)</searchLink><br />Arch Intern Med. 1998 Sep 14;158(16):1789-95. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229738608%22">9738608)</searchLink><br />Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Sep 21;21(9):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239338138%22">39338138)</searchLink><br />J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009 Sep;70(5):797-804. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219737505%22">19737505)</searchLink><br />Addiction. 2003 Dec;98 Suppl 2:51-61. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214984242%22">14984242)</searchLink><br />J Clin Gastroenterol. 2023 Jul 01;57(6):537-545. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237039472%22">37039472)</searchLink><br />J Abnorm Psychol. 1982 Jun;91(3):199-209. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%227096790%22">7096790)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2021 Jun;45(6):1166-1187. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233837975%22">33837975)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jul;38(7):1826-8. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224961935%22">24961935)</searchLink><br />Addict Behav. 2022 Jun;129:107278. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235217414%22">35217414)</searchLink><br />Int J Legal Med. 2017 Jan;131(1):153-160. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227596747%22">27596747)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Jan;49(1):5-24. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239532676%22">39532676)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Nov 1;156:289-296. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226455816%22">26455816)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 Apr 1;257:111254. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2238457964%22">38457964)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Res. 2018;39(1):5-15. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230557142%22">30557142)</searchLink><br />J Addict Dis. 2004;23(1):29-38. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215077838%22">15077838)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Jul;38(7):2056-65. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224773137%22">24773137)</searchLink><br />Subst Use Misuse. 2022;57(4):531-538. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235006043%22">35006043)</searchLink><br />Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Dec 1;157:184-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226475403%22">26475403)</searchLink><br />Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2020 May;192:172906. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232179028%22">32179028)</searchLink><br />Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Oct 30;12(11):14021-33. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226529004%22">26529004)</searchLink><br />Pediatrics. 2020 Oct;146(4):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232968030%22">32968030)</searchLink><br />Addict Behav. 1986;11(2):149-61. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%223739800%22">3739800)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2016 Nov;40(11):2292-2295. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227716960%22">27716960)</searchLink><br />Compr Psychiatry. 2005 Nov-Dec;46(6):405-16. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2216275207%22">16275207)</searchLink><br />J Stud Alcohol. 1989 Jan;50(1):30-7. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%222927120%22">2927120)</searchLink><br />Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 29;24(15):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2237569551%22">37569551)</searchLink><br />Alcohol Alcohol. 2015 Jul;50(4):399-406. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225882743%22">25882743)</searchLink><br />Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2017 May;43(3):341-349. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227588338%22">27588338)</searchLink><br />Am J Addict. 2001 Spring;10(2):178-89. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2211444159%22">11444159)</searchLink>
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  Data: T32 DA007288 United States DA NIDA NIH HHS; K01 AA031745 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; K23 AA025399 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; K24 AA031052 United States AA NIAAA NIH HHS; P20 GM148302 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biomarkers urine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Female
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Male
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Adolescent
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Young Adult
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glycerophospholipids blood
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glucuronates urine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol Drinking urine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol Drinking blood
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alcohol Drinking psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Underage Drinking psychology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Self Report
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Strong concordance and correlation between direct alcohol biomarkers and alcohol self-report among youth with variable drinking patterns.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Meredith LR
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kirkland AE
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Green R
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tomko RL
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Browning BD
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Gray KM
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Anton RF
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Miranda R Jr
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Squeglia LM
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 09
              Text: 2025 Sep 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1879-0046
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 274
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Drug and alcohol dependence
              Type: main
ResultId 1