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Ontogenic, Immunological, and Behavioral Changes of Crack Cocaine Exposure During the Gestational Period.

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Τίτλος: Ontogenic, Immunological, and Behavioral Changes of Crack Cocaine Exposure During the Gestational Period.
Συγγραφείς: Dos Santos YMO; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Santana-Melo I; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil. igor_melo777@hotmail.com., Pacheco ALD; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Reiter MMJH; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., de Araújo Costa M; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Pires KSN; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., de Souza FMA; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Freitas-Santos J; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Barbosa MR; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Ursulino JS; Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceio, AL, Brazil., Lins MP; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil.; Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.; Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Torres RGD; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., de Barros Coutinho A; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Oliosi EB; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., da Silva BRM; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., da Silva Oliveira KL; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Gitai DLG; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Leite ACR; Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceio, AL, Brazil., de Aquino TM; Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceio, AL, Brazil., Duzzioni M; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., Borbely AU; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil., de Castro OW; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, Brazil. olagidewww@gmail.com.
Πηγή: Molecular neurobiology [Mol Neurobiol] 2025 Sep; Vol. 62 (9), pp. 12164-12183. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 May 16.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Humana Press Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8900963 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1559-1182 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 08937648 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Neurobiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Clifton, NJ : Humana Press, c1987-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Crack Cocaine*/toxicity , Crack Cocaine*/adverse effects , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects*/immunology , Behavior, Animal*/drug effects, Maternal Behavior/drug effects ; Lactation/drug effects ; Animals ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Anxiety
Περίληψη: Crack cocaine has a high addictive power that stimulates the central nervous system (CNS), and its high consumption by women of reproductive age has generated many challenges for public health. Crack cocaine use by pregnant women has been correlated with CNS malformations, cell damage, and changes in the immune system. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of gestational exposure to crack cocaine in pregnant rats on ectoplacental cone cells, immune organs, maternal behavior, anxiety-like phenotype, metabolites, and sensorimotor reflex development of offspring. Pregnant rats were exposed to air or crack cocaine (200 mg) from the 5th gestational day (5thGD) to the 9th GD or until the end of pregnancy. Our findings showed that gestational exposure to crack cocaine increased trophoblast cell death, associated with reduced ectoplacental cone outgrowth in vitro. Furthermore, anxiogenic-like behavior in pregnant rats and negligence in maternal care were observed after exposure to crack cocaine. The development of motor reflexes in the offspring remained unchanged. In addition, exposure to crack cocaine during pregnancy reduced the relative weight of the spleen and CD8 + T lymphocyte subsets. No changes were observed in the thymus. Finally, we observed a series of changes in the metabolites of lactating rats exposed to crack cocaine during pregnancy. Taken together, our findings provide new insight into gestational changes promoted following exposure to crack cocaine and support future clinical interventions and treatments.
(© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics Approval: All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Experiments were performed in accordance with the NIH guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals, and with approval of the Federal University of Alagoas Animal Use Ethics Committee (Protocol #28/2021). Consent to Participate: Not applicable. Consent to Publish: Not applicable. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
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Grant Information: 406727/2021-0 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Lymphoid organ; Metabolomics; Placenta. Maternal-infant bonding; Substance of abuse
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Crack Cocaine)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20250516 Date Completed: 20250820 Latest Revision: 20261010
Update Code: 20261010
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-05004-2
PMID: 40377894
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:1559-1182
DOI:10.1007/s12035-025-05004-2