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Creating patient-specific digital phantoms with a longitudinal atlas for evaluating deformable CT-CBCT registration in adaptive lung radiotherapy.

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Title: Creating patient-specific digital phantoms with a longitudinal atlas for evaluating deformable CT-CBCT registration in adaptive lung radiotherapy.
Authors: Meyer S; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Alam S; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Kuo LC; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Hu YC; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Liu Y; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Lu W; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Yorke E; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Li A; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Cerviño L; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA., Zhang P; Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Source: Medical physics [Med Phys] 2024 Feb; Vol. 51 (2), pp. 1405-1414. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 14.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: John Wiley and Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0425746 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2473-4209 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00942405 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Phys Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2017- : Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Original Publication: Lancaster, Pa., Published for the American Assn. of Physicists in Medicine by the American Institute of Physics.
MeSH Terms: Spiral Cone-Beam Computed Tomography*, Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Algorithms
Abstract: Background: Quality assurance of deformable image registration (DIR) is challenging because the ground truth is often unavailable. In addition, current approaches that rely on artificial transformations do not adequately resemble clinical scenarios encountered in adaptive radiotherapy.
Purpose: We developed an atlas-based method to create a variety of patient-specific serial digital phantoms with CBCT-like image quality to assess the DIR performance for longitudinal CBCT imaging data in adaptive lung radiotherapy.
Methods: A library of deformations was created by extracting the longitudinal changes observed between a planning CT and weekly CBCT from an atlas of lung radiotherapy patients. The planning CT of an inquiry patient was first deformed by mapping the deformation pattern from a matched atlas patient, and subsequently appended with CBCT artifacts to imitate a weekly CBCT. Finally, a group of digital phantoms around an inquiry patient was produced to simulate a series of possible evolutions of tumor and adjacent normal structures. We validated the generated deformation vector fields (DVFs) to ensure numerically and physiologically realistic transformations. The proposed framework was applied to evaluate the performance of the DIR algorithm implemented in the commercial Eclipse treatment planning system in a retrospective study of eight inquiry patients.
Results: The generated DVFs were inverse consistent within less than 3 mm and did not exhibit unrealistic folding. The deformation patterns adequately mimicked the observed longitudinal anatomical changes of the matched atlas patients. Worse Eclipse DVF accuracy was observed in regions of low image contrast or artifacts. The structure volumes exhibiting a DVF error magnitude of equal or more than 2 mm ranged from 24.5% (spinal cord) to 69.2% (heart) and the maximum DVF error exceeded 5 mm for all structures except the spinal cord. Contour-based evaluations showed a high degree of alignment with dice similarity coefficients above 0.8 in all cases, which underestimated the overall DVF accuracy within the structures.
Conclusions: It is feasible to create and augment digital phantoms based on a particular patient of interest using multiple series of deformation patterns from matched patients in an atlas. This can provide a semi-automated procedure to complement the quality assurance of CT-CBCT DIR and facilitate the clinical implementation of image-guided and adaptive radiotherapy that involve longitudinal CBCT imaging studies.
(© 2023 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)
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Grant Information: P30 CA008748 United States CA NCI NIH HHS
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: adaptive radiotherapy; deformable image registration; longitudinal atlas
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20230714 Date Completed: 20240214 Latest Revision: 20250202
Update Code: 20260130
PubMed Central ID: PMC10787815
DOI: 10.1002/mp.16606
PMID: 37449537
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:2473-4209
DOI:10.1002/mp.16606