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Disease burden among migrants in Morocco in 2021: A cross‑sectional study.

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Title: Disease burden among migrants in Morocco in 2021: A cross‑sectional study.
Authors: Essayagh F; Faculté des Sciences juridiques, économiques et sociales, Laboratoire Droit privé et enjeux de développement, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fès, Morocco., Essayagh T; Laboratoire Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Hassan First University of Settat, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Settat, Morocco., Essayagh M; Office Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire des produits Alimentaires, Oriental, Morocco., Khouchoua M; Délégation de la Santé, Meknès, Morocco., Lemriss H; Laboratoire Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Hassan First University of Settat, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Settat, Morocco., Rattal M; Laboratoire Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Hassan First University of Settat, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Settat, Morocco., Bukassa G; Department of Indigenous Services Canada/Government of Canada, Health Surveillance and Assessment Unit, First Nations and Inuit Health, Regina, SK, Canada., Essayagh S; Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Laboratoire Agroalimentaire et Santé, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco.
Source: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Jan 27; Vol. 18 (1), pp. e0281129. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 27 (Print Publication: 2023).
Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
MeSH Terms: Hepatitis C*/epidemiology , Hepatitis C*/diagnosis , Hypertension*/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus*/epidemiology , HIV Infections*/epidemiology , Transients and Migrants*, Morocco/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; HIV ; Cost of Illness ; Prevalence
Abstract: Background: Morocco, traditionally an emigration country, has evolved into not only a transit country to Europe but also a country of residence for an increasing number of migrants, with 102,400 migrants in 2019. This is due to its geographic location, the induced effects of its "African policy," and the various laws adopted by Moroccan legislators in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of communicable and noncommunicable diseases among migrants such as Hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), diabetes, and hypertension.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Oujda, Morocco, between November and December 2021. Face-to-face interviews with enrolled migrants aged 18 years and over, present in Oujda and attending an association, were carried out to collect socio-demographic data, lifestyle behaviors, and clinical parameters. Diabetes and hypertension were the primary outcomes. The Pearson's chi-squared test and the student's t-test were used to assess the bivariate associations between primary outcomes and categorical and continuous variables. In a multivariate model, we adjusted for predictors that were significant (p-value ≤0.05) in bivariate analysis to estimate Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: There were 495 migrants enrolled, with a male/female ratio of two and an average age of 27.3±11.5 years (mean±standard deviation), ranging from 18 to 76 years. Hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, diabetes, and hypertension were found in 1%, 0.2%, 3.8%, and 27.7% of the population, respectively. Family history of diabetes was a risk factor for diabetes in the Oujda migrant population, with an Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) of 5.36; CI% [1.23-23.28]. Age (AOR of 1.1; CI% [1.06-1.13]) and African origin (AOR of 3.07; CI% [1.06-8.92]) were identified as risk factors for hypertension.
Conclusion: Migrants in Oujda are healthy. The high prevalence of hypertension, as well as the presence of HCV and HIV positive cases, emphasizes the importance of routine screening for hypertension, HCV, and HIV in order to detect and treat these diseases as early as possible.
(Copyright: © 2023 Essayagh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20230127 Date Completed: 20230131 Latest Revision: 20230320
Update Code: 20260130
PubMed Central ID: PMC9882623
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281129
PMID: 36706106
Database: MEDLINE
Description
ISSN:1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0281129