A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords

For decades, text-based passwords have been the primary means of authentication to computer systems, as well as account security and disk encryption. Thus, in order to prevent users from selecting passwords that are too easy for an adversary to crack, password composition policies and password stren...

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Main Authors: Patsoni, Evgenia, Πατσώνη, Ευαγγελία
Other Authors: Rizomiliotis, Panagiotis
Language:English
Published: 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/11610/21462
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author Patsoni, Evgenia
Πατσώνη, Ευαγγελία
author2 Rizomiliotis, Panagiotis
author_facet Rizomiliotis, Panagiotis
Patsoni, Evgenia
Πατσώνη, Ευαγγελία
author_sort Patsoni, Evgenia
collection DSpace
description For decades, text-based passwords have been the primary means of authentication to computer systems, as well as account security and disk encryption. Thus, in order to prevent users from selecting passwords that are too easy for an adversary to crack, password composition policies and password strength meters have been widely studied and adopted. Research has already shown that certain password composition policies and password strength meters fulfill this purpose and perform better than others. However, we believe that these results are biased when it comes to scoring non-English passwords, even for password strength meters who seemingly contribute to the creation of stronger passwords, because the majority of them is based on leaked password sets of English speaking users as their training base. In this dissertation, we study modern password-strength meters as well as their accuracy and effect. Furthermore, we turn our attention on the ways an attacker can carry out a targeted password guessing attack, taking advantage of the nationality of the users. We train two modern password strength meters with a Greeklish training set, and try to prove our initial belief that they tend to falsely score non-English passwords as strong, focusing specifically on Greeklish passwords. We also analyze non-ASCII character passwords to find out if they actually provide any additional levels of security. Finally, we show how modern password cracking tools perform against such passwords, while trying to crack passwords that contain letters from the Greek alphabet. A few studies, based on determining the actual strength of non-English passwords as well as the password creation habits of non-English users, especially Chinese, have been carried out in the past. To our knowledge, however, this is the first study that focuses entirely on the strength of Greeklish passwords, i.e. passwords that contain Greek words transcribed in English, and not simply passwords created by Greek users.
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spelling oai:hellanicus.lib.aegean.gr:11610-214622025-03-17T11:10:25Z A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords Μελέτη στην εκτίμηση ανθεκτικότητας συνθηματικών τα οποία δεν προέρχονται από την αγγλική γλώσσα και αποτελούνται από non-ASCII χαρακτήρες Patsoni, Evgenia Πατσώνη, Ευαγγελία Rizomiliotis, Panagiotis Ριζομυλιώτης, Παναγιώτης Ασφάλεια Πληροφοριακών και Επικοινωνιακών Συστημάτων συνθηματικά εθνικότητα ισχύς μετρητές passwords targeted attack analysis strength meters greeklish non-ascii zxcvbn pcfg Computer security Computers--Access control--Passwords For decades, text-based passwords have been the primary means of authentication to computer systems, as well as account security and disk encryption. Thus, in order to prevent users from selecting passwords that are too easy for an adversary to crack, password composition policies and password strength meters have been widely studied and adopted. Research has already shown that certain password composition policies and password strength meters fulfill this purpose and perform better than others. However, we believe that these results are biased when it comes to scoring non-English passwords, even for password strength meters who seemingly contribute to the creation of stronger passwords, because the majority of them is based on leaked password sets of English speaking users as their training base. In this dissertation, we study modern password-strength meters as well as their accuracy and effect. Furthermore, we turn our attention on the ways an attacker can carry out a targeted password guessing attack, taking advantage of the nationality of the users. We train two modern password strength meters with a Greeklish training set, and try to prove our initial belief that they tend to falsely score non-English passwords as strong, focusing specifically on Greeklish passwords. We also analyze non-ASCII character passwords to find out if they actually provide any additional levels of security. Finally, we show how modern password cracking tools perform against such passwords, while trying to crack passwords that contain letters from the Greek alphabet. A few studies, based on determining the actual strength of non-English passwords as well as the password creation habits of non-English users, especially Chinese, have been carried out in the past. To our knowledge, however, this is the first study that focuses entirely on the strength of Greeklish passwords, i.e. passwords that contain Greek words transcribed in English, and not simply passwords created by Greek users. Σε αυτή τη διατριβή, μελετάμε σύγχρονους μετρητές ισχύος κωδικών πρόσβασης (password strength meters), καθώς και την ακρίβεια και τα αποτελέσματά τους. Επιπλέον, στρέφουμε την προσοχή μας στους τρόπους με τους οποίους ένας επιτιθέμενος μπορεί να πραγματοποιήσει μια στοχευμένη επίθεση αποκάλυψης κωδικού πρόσβασης, εκμεταλλευόμενος την εθνικότητα των χρηστών. Εκπαιδεύουμε δύο σύγχρονους μετρητές κωδικών πρόσβασης με ένα σύνολο εκπαίδευσης Greeklish λέξεων, και προσπαθούμε να αποδείξουμε την αρχική μας υπόθεση, ότι δηλαδή τείνουν να βαθμολογούν ψευδώς τους μη-αγγλικούς κωδικούς πρόσβασης ως ισχυρούς, και εστιάζουμε ειδικότερα στους Greeklish κωδικούς πρόσβασης. Αναλύουμε επίσης τους κωδικούς πρόσβασης που αποτελούνται από non-ASCII χαρακτήρες για να μάθουμε αν παρέχουν πράγματι κάποια επιπλέον επίπεδα ασφάλειας. Τέλος, μελετούμε την απόδοση των σύγχρονων password cracking εργαλείων όταν αυτά διαχειρίζονται τέτοιους κωδικούς πρόσβασης, ενώ προσπαθούμε να σπάσουμε κωδικούς πρόσβασης που περιέχουν γράμματα από το ελληνικό αλφάβητο. 2021-02-10T13:21:44Z 2021-02-10T13:21:44Z 2020-09-28 http://hdl.handle.net/11610/21462 en Default License 58 σ. application/pdf Σάμος
spellingShingle συνθηματικά
εθνικότητα
ισχύς
μετρητές
passwords
targeted
attack
analysis
strength
meters
greeklish
non-ascii
zxcvbn
pcfg
Computer security
Computers--Access control--Passwords
Patsoni, Evgenia
Πατσώνη, Ευαγγελία
A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title_full A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title_fullStr A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title_full_unstemmed A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title_short A study on strength estimation of non-English and non-ASCII passwords
title_sort study on strength estimation of non english and non ascii passwords
topic συνθηματικά
εθνικότητα
ισχύς
μετρητές
passwords
targeted
attack
analysis
strength
meters
greeklish
non-ascii
zxcvbn
pcfg
Computer security
Computers--Access control--Passwords
url http://hdl.handle.net/11610/21462
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