Academic Journal

Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Συγγραφείς: Brauer, M., Roth, G.A., Aravkin, A.Y., Zheng, P., Abate, K.H., Abate, Y.H., Abbafati, C., Abbasgholizadeh, R., Abbasi, M.A., Abbasian, M., Abbasifard, M., Abbasi-Kangevari, M., Abd ElHafeez, S., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdi, P., Abdollahi, M., Abdoun, M., Abdulah, D.M., Abdullahi, A., Abebe, M., Abedi, A., Abegaz, T.M., Abeldaño Zuñiga, R.A., Abiodun, O., Abiso, T.L., Aboagye, R.G., Abolhassani, H., Abouzid, M., Aboye, G.B., Abreu, L.G., Abualruz, H., Abubakar, B., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abukhadijah, H.J.J., Aburuz, S., Abu-Zaid, A., Adane, M.M., Addo, I.Y., Addolorato, G., Adedoyin, R.A., Adekanmbi, V., Aden, B., Adetunji, J.B., Adeyeoluwa, T.E., Adha, R., Adibi, A., Adnani, Q.E.S., Adzigbli, L.A., Afolabi, A.A., Afolabi, R.F., Afshin, A., Afyouni, S., Afzal, M.S., Afzal, S., Agampodi, S.B., Agbozo, F., Aghamiri, S., Agodi, A., Agrawal, A., Agyemang-Duah, W., Ahinkorah, B.O., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, D., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, N., Ahmad, S., Ahmad, T., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, L.A., Ahmed, M.B., Ahmed, S., Ahmed, S.A., Ajami, M., Akalu, G.T., Akara, E.M., Akbarialiabad, H., Akhlaghi, S., Akinosoglou, K., Akinyemiju, T., Akkaif, M.A., Akkala, S., Akombi-Inyang, B., Al Awaidy, S., Al Hasan, S.M., Alahdab, F., AL-Ahdal, T.M.A., Alalalmeh, S.O., Alalwan, T.A., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Alam, N., Alanezi, F.M., Alanzi, T.M., Albakri, A., AlBataineh, M.T., Aldhaleei, W.A., Aldridge, R.W., Alemayohu, M.A., Alemu, Y.M., Al-Fatly, B., Al-Gheethi, A.A.S., Al-Habbal, K., Alhabib, K.F., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, A., Ali, B.A., Ali, I., Ali, L., Ali, M.U., Ali, R., Ali, S.S.S., Ali, W., Alicandro, G., Alif, S.M., Aljunid, S.M., Alla, F., Al-Marwani, S., Al-Mekhlafi, H.M., Almustanyir, S., Alomari, M.A., Alonso, J., Alqahtani, J.S., Alqutaibi, A.Y., Al-Raddadi, R.M., Alrawashdeh, A., Al-Rifai, R.H., Alrousan, S.M., Al-Sabah, S.K., Alshahrani, N.Z., Altaany, Z., Altaf, A., Al-Tawfiq, J.A., Altirkawi, K.A., Aluh, D.O., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Alwafi, H., Al-Wardat, M.S., Al-Worafi, Y.M., Aly, H., Aly, S., Alzoubi, K.H., Al-Zyoud, W., Amaechi, U.A., Aman Mohammadi, M., Amani, R., Amiri, S., Amirzade-Iranaq, M.H., Ammirati, E., Amu, H., Amugsi, D.A., Amusa, G.A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Anderson, J.A., Andrade, P.P., Andrei, C.L., Andrei, T., Anenberg, S.C., Angappan, D., Angus, C., Anil, A., Anil, S., Anjum, A., Anoushiravani, A., Antonazzo, I.C., Antony, C.M., Antriyandarti, E., Anuoluwa, B.S., Anvari, D., Anvari, S., Anwar, S., Anwar, S.L., Anwer, R., Anyabolo, E.E., Anyasodor, A.E., Apostol, G.L.C., Arabloo, J., Arabzadeh Bahri, R., Arafat, M., Areda, D., Aregawi, B.B., Aremu, A., Armocida, B., Arndt, M.B., Ärnlöv, J., Arooj, M., Artamonov, A.A., Artanti, K.D., Aruleba, I.T., Arumugam, A., Asbeutah, A.M., Asgary, S., Asgedom, A.A., Ashbaugh, C., Ashemo, M.Y., Ashraf, T., Askarinejad, A., Assmus, M., Astell-Burt, T., Athar, M., Athari, S.S., Atorkey, P., Atreya, A., Aujayeb, A., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Awoke, A.A., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayatollahi, H., Ayestas Portugal, C., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Azadnajafabad, S., Azevedo, R.M.S., Azhar, G.S., Azizi, H., Azzam, A.Y., Backhaus, I.L., Badar, M., Badiye, A.D., Bagga, A., Baghdadi, S., Bagheri, N., Bagherieh, S., Bahrami Taghanaki, P., Bai, R., Baig, A.A., Baker, J.L., Bakkannavar, S.M., Balasubramanian, M., Baltatu, O.C., Bam, K., Bandyopadhyay, S., Banik, B., Banik, P.C., Banke-Thomas, A., Bansal, H., Barchitta, M., Bardhan, M., Bardideh, E., Barker-Collo, S.L., Bärnighausen, T.W., Barone-Adesi, F., Barqawi, H.J., Barrero, L.H., Barrow, A., Barteit, S., Basharat, Z., Basiru, A., Basso, J.D., Bastan, M.-M., Basu, S., Batchu, S., Batra, K., Batra, R., Baune, B.T., Bayati, M., Bayileyegn, N.S., Beaney, T., Behnoush, A.H., Beiranvand, M., Béjot, Y., Bekele, A., Belgaumi, U.I., Bell, A.W., Bell, M.L., Bello, M.B., Bello, O.O., Belo, L., Beloukas, A., Bendak, S., Bennett, D.A., Bennitt, F.B., Bensenor, I.M., Benzian, H., Beran, A., Berezvai, Z., Bernabe, E., Bernstein, R.S., Bettencourt, P.J.G., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhala, N., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhaskar, S., Bhat, A.N., Bhat, V., Bhatti, G.K., Bhatti, J.S., Bhatti, M.S., Bhatti, R., Bhuiyan, M.A., Bhutta, Z.A., Bikbov, B., Bishai, J.D., Bisignano, C., Biswas, A., Biswas, B., Biswas, R.K., Bjørge, T., Boachie, M.K., Boakye, H., Bockarie, M.J., Bodolica, V., Bodunrin, A.O., Bogale, E.K., Bolla, S.R., Boloor, A., Bonakdar Hashemi, M., Boppana, S.H., Bora Basara, B., Borhany, H., Botero Carvajal, A., Bouaoud, S., Boufous, S., Bourne, R., Boxe, C., Braithwaite, D., Brant, L.C., Brar, A., Breitborde, N.J.K., Breitner, S., Brenner, H., Briko, A.N., Britton, G., Brown, C.S., Browne, A.J., Brunoni, A.R., Bryazka, D., Bulamu, N.B., Bulto, L.N., Buonsenso, D., Burkart, K., Burns, R.A., Busse, R., Bustanji, Y., Butt, N.S., Butt, Z.A., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Cagney, J., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Calina, D., Cámera, L.A., Campos, L.A., Campos-Nonato, I.R., Cao, C., Cao, F., Cao, Y., Capodici, A., Cárdenas, R., Carr, S., Carreras, G., Carrero, J.J., Carugno, A., Carvalho, F., Carvalho, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A., Castelpietra, G., Catalá-López, F., Catapano, A.L., Cattaruzza, M.S., Caye, A., Cederroth, C.R., Cegolon, L., Cenderadewi, M., Cercy, K.M., Cerin, E., Chadwick, J., Chakraborty, C., Chakraborty, P.A., Chakraborty, S., Chan, J.S.K., Chan, R.N.C., Chandan, J.S., Chandika, R.M., Chaturvedi, P., Chen, A.-T., Chen, C.S., Chen, H., Chen, M.X., Chen, M., Chen, S., Cheng, C.-Y., Cheng, E.T.W., Cherbuin, N., Chi, G., Chichagi, F., Chimed-Ochir, O., Chimoriya, R., Ching, P.R., Chirinos-Caceres, J.L., Chitheer, A., Cho, W.C.S., Chong, B., Chopra, H., Chowdhury, R., Christopher, D.J., Chu, D.-T., Chukwu, I.S., Chung, E., Chung, S.-C., Chutiyami, M., Cioffi, I., Cogen, R.M., Cohen, A.J., Columbus, A., Conde, J., Corlateanu, A., Cortese, S., Cortesi, P.A., Costa, V.M., Costanzo, S., Criqui, M.H., Cruz, J.A., Cruz-Martins, N., Culbreth, G.T., da Silva, A.G., Dadras, O., Dai, X., Dai, Z., Daikwo, P.U., Dalli, L.L., Damiani, G., D'Amico, E., D'Anna, L., Darwesh, A.M., Das, J.K., Das, S., Dash, N.R., Dashti, M., Dávila-Cervantes, C.A., Davis Weaver, N., Davitoiu, D.V., De la Hoz, F.P., de la Torre-Luque, A., De Leo, D., Debopadhaya, S., Degenhardt, L., Del Bo', C., Delgado-Enciso, I., Delgado-Saborit, J.M., Demoze, C.K., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Dervenis, N., Dervišević, E., Desai, H.D., Desai, R., Devanbu, V.G.C., Dewan, S.M.R., Dhali, A., Dhama, K., Dhane, A.S., Dhimal, M.L., Dhimal, M., Dhingra, S., Dhulipala, V.R., Dhungana, R.R., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Diaz, L.A., Diaz, M.J., Dima, A., Ding, D.D., Dinu, M., Djalalinia, S., Do, T.C., Do, T.H.P., do Prado, C.B., Dodangeh, M., Dohare, S., Dokova, K.G., Dong, W., Dongarwar, D., D'Oria, M., Dorostkar, F., Dorsey, E.R., Doshi, R., Doshmangir, L., Dowou, R.K., Driscoll, T.R., Dsouza, A.C., Dsouza, H.L., Dumith, S.C., Duncan, B.B., Duraes, A.R., Duraisamy, S., Dushpanova, A., Dzianach, P.A., Dziedzic, A.M., Ebrahimi, A., Echieh, C.P., Ed-Dra, A., Edinur, H.A., Edvardsson, D., Edvardsson, K., Efendi, F., Eftekharimehrabad, A., Eini, E., Ekholuenetale, M., Ekundayo, T.C., El Arab, R.A., El Sayed Zaki, M., El-Dahiyat, F., Elemam, N.M., Elgar, F.J., ElGohary, G.M.T., Elhabashy, H.R., Elhadi, M., Elmehrath, A.O., Elmeligy, O.A.A., Elshaer, M., Elsohaby, I., Emeto, T.I., Esfandiari, N., Eshrati, B., Eslami, M., Esmaeili, S.V., Estep, K., Etaee, F., Fabin, N., Fagbamigbe, A.F., Fagbule, O.F., Fahimi, S., Falzone, L., Fareed, M., Farinha, C.S.E.S., Faris, M.E.M., Faris, P.S., Faro, A., Fasina, F.O., Fatehizadeh, A., Fauk, N.K., Fazylov, T., Feigin, V.L., Feng, X., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Feroze, A.H., Ferrara, P., Ferrari, A.J., Ferreira, N., Fetensa, G., Feyisa, B.R., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fitriana, I., Flavel, J., Flohr, C., Flood, D., Flor, L.S., Foigt, N.A., Folayan, M.O., Force, L.M., Fortuna, D., Foschi, M., Franklin, R.C., Freitas, A., Friedman, S.D., Fux, B., G, S., Gaal, P.A., 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Murray, C.J.L., Gakidou, E.
Στοιχεία εκδότη: Elsevier BV
Έτος έκδοσης: 2024
Συλλογή: White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York)
Περιγραφή: Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health risks, and attributable burden of disease for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. Methods: The GBD 2021 risk factor analysis used data from 54 561 total distinct sources to produce epidemiological estimates for 88 risk factors and their associated health outcomes for a total of 631 risk–outcome pairs. Pairs were included on the basis of data-driven determination of a risk–outcome association. Age-sex-location-year-specific estimates were generated at global, regional, and national levels. Our approach followed the comparative risk assessment framework predicated on a causal web of hierarchically organised, potentially combinative, modifiable risks. Relative risks (RRs) of a given outcome occurring as a function of risk factor exposure were estimated separately for each risk–outcome pair, and summary exposure values (SEVs), representing risk-weighted exposure prevalence, and theoretical minimum risk exposure levels (TMRELs) were estimated for each risk factor. These estimates were used to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF; ie, the proportional change in health risk that would occur if exposure to a risk factor were reduced to the TMREL). The product of PAFs and disease burden associated with a given outcome, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), yielded measures of attributable burden (ie, the proportion of total disease burden attributable to a particular risk factor or combination of risk factors). Adjustments for mediation were applied to account for relationships involving risk factors that act indirectly on outcomes via ...
Τύπος εγγράφου: article in journal/newspaper
Περιγραφή αρχείου: text
Γλώσσα: English
ISSN: 0140-6736
Relation: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/216064/1/1-s2.0-S0140673624009334-main.pdf; Brauer, M., Roth, G.A., Aravkin, A.Y. et al. (1792 more authors) (2024) Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet, 403 (10440). pp. 2162-2203. ISSN: 0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00933-4
Διαθεσιμότητα: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/216064/
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00933-4
Rights: cc_by_4
Αριθμός Καταχώρησης: edsbas.EBCAF5B1
Βάση Δεδομένων: BASE
Περιγραφή
ISSN:01406736
DOI:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00933-4