Academic Journal

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Bibliographic Details
Title: Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Ferrari, A.J., Santomauro, D.F., Aali, A., Abate, Y.H., Abbafati, C., Abbastabar, H., Abd ElHafeez, S., Abdelmasseh, M., Abd-Elsalam, S., Abdollahi, A., Abdullahi, A., Abegaz, K.H., Abeldaño Zuñiga, R.A., Aboagye, R.G., Abolhassani, H., Abreu, L.G., Abualruz, H., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Abu-Rmeileh, N.M.E., Ackerman, I.N., Addo, I.Y., Addolorato, G., Adebiyi, A.O., Adepoju, A.V., Adewuyi, H.O., Afyouni, S., Afzal, S., Agodi, A., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, D., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, S., Ahmed, A., Ahmed, L.A., Ahmed, M.B., Ajami, M., Akinosoglou, K., Akkaif, M.A., Al Hasan, S.M., Alalalmeh, S.O., Al-Aly, Z., Albashtawy, M., Aldridge, R.W., Alemu, M.D., Alemu, Y.M., Alene, K.A., Al-Gheethi, A.A.S., Alharrasi, M., Alhassan, R.K., Ali, M.U., Ali, R., Ali, S.S.S., Alif, S.M., Aljunid, S.M., Al-Marwani, S., Almazan, J.U., Alomari, M.A., Al-Omari, B., Altaany, Z., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N.J., Alwafi, H., Al-Wardat, M.S., Al-Worafi, Y.M., Aly, S., Alzoubi, K.H., Amare, A.T., Amegbor, P.M., Ameyaw, E.K., Amin, T.T., Amindarolzarbi, A., Amiri, S., Amugsi, D.A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Anderson, D.B., Andrade, P.P., Andrei, C.L., Ansari, H., Antony, C.M., Anwar, S., Anwar, S.L., Anwer, R., Anyanwu, P.E., Arab, J.P., Arabloo, J., Arafat, M., Araki, D.T., Aravkin, A.Y., Arkew, M., Armocida, B., Arndt, M.B., Arooj, M., Artamonov, A.A., Aruleba, R.T., Arumugam, A., Ashbaugh, C., Ashemo, M.Y., Ashraf, M., Asika, M.O., Askari, E., Astell-Burt, T., Athari, S.S., Atorkey, P., Atout, M.M.W., Atreya, A., Aujayeb, A., Ausloos, M., Avan, A., Awotidebe, A.W., Awuviry-Newton, K., Ayala Quintanilla, B.P., Ayuso-Mateos, J.L., Azadnajafabad, S., Azevedo, R.M.S., Babu, A.S., Badar, M., Badiye, A.D., Baghdadi, S., Bagheri, N., Bah, S., Bai, R., Baker, J.L., Bakkannavar, S.M., Bako, A.T., Balakrishnan, S., Bam, K., Banik, P.C., Barchitta, M., Bardhan, M., Bardideh, E., Barker-Collo, S.L., Barqawi, H.J., Barrow, A., Barteit, S., Barua, L., Bashiri Aliabadi, S., Basiru, A., Basu, S., Bathini, P.P., Batra, K., Baune, B.T., Bayileyegn, N.S., Behnam, B., Behnoush, A.H., Beiranvand, M., Bejarano Ramirez, D.F., Bell, M.L., Bello, O.O., Beloukas, A., Bensenor, I.M., Berezvai, Z., Bernabe, E., Bernstein, R.S., Bettencourt, P.J.G., Bhagavathula, A.S., Bhala, N., Bhandari, D., Bhargava, A., Bhaskar, S., Bhat, V., Bhatti, G.K., Bhatti, J.S., Bhatti, M.S., Bhatti, R., Bhutta, Z.A., Bikbov, B., Bishai, J.D., Bisignano, C., Bitra, V.R., Bjørge, T., Bodolica, V., Bodunrin, A.O., Bogale, E.K., Bonakdar Hashemi, M., Bonny, A., Bora Basara, B., Borhany, H., Boxe, C., Brady, O.J., Bragazzi, N.L., Braithwaite, D., Brant, L.C., Brauer, M., Breitner, S., Brenner, H., Brown, J., Brugha, T., Bulamu, N.B., Buonsenso, D., Burkart, K., Burns, R.A., Busse, R., Bustanji, Y., Butt, Z.A., Byun, J., Caetano dos Santos, F.L., Calina, D., Cámera, L.A., Campos-Nonato, I.R., Cao, C., Capodici, A., Carr, S., Carreras, G., Carugno, A., Carvalho, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J.M., Castañeda-Orjuela, C.A., Castelpietra, G., Catapano, A.L., Cattaruzza, M.S., Caye, A., Cegolon, L., Cembranel, F., Cenderadewi, M., Cerin, E., Chakraborty, P.A., Chan, J.S.K., Chan, R.N.C., Chandika, R.M., Chandrasekar, E.K., Charalampous, P., Chattu, V.K., Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, V., Chen, A.W., Chen, A.-T., Chen, C.S., Chen, H., Chen, N.M., Cheng, E.T.W., Chimed-Ochir, O., Chimoriya, R., Ching, P.R., Cho, W.C.S., Choi, S., Chong, B., Chong, Y.Y., Choudhari, S.G., Chowdhury, R., Christensen, S.W.M., Chu, D.-T., Chukwu, I.S., Chung, E., Chutiyami, M., Claassens, M.M., Cogen, R.M., Columbus, A., Conde, J., Cortesi, P.A., Cousin, E., Criqui, M.H., Cruz-Martins, N., Dadras, O., Dai, S., Dai, X., Dai, Z., Dalaba, M.A., Damiani, G., Das, J.K., Das, S., Dashti, M., Dávila-Cervantes, C.A., Davletov, K., De Leo, D., Debele, A.T., Debopadhaya, S., DeCleene, N.K., Deeba, F., Degenhardt, L., Del Bo', C., Delgado-Enciso, I., Demetriades, A.K., Denova-Gutiérrez, E., Dervenis, N., Desai, H.D., Desai, R., Deuba, K., Dhama, K., Dharmaratne, S.D., Dhingra, S., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Diaz, L.A., Diaz, M.J., Dima, A., Ding, D.D., Dirac, M.A., Do, T.H.P., do Prado, C.B., Dohare, S., Dominguez, R.-M.V., Dong, W., Dongarwar, D., D'Oria, M., Dorsey, E.R., Doshmangir, L., Dowou, R.K., Driscoll, T.R., Dsouza, H.L., Dsouza, V., Dube, J., Dumith, S.C., Duncan, B.B., Duraes, A.R., Duraisamy, S., Durojaiye, O.C., Dzianach, P.A., Dziedzic, A.M., Eboreime, E., Ebrahimi, A., Edinur, H.A., Edvardsson, D., Eikemo, T.A., Eini, E., Ekholuenetale, M., Ekundayo, T.C., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Elbarazi, I., Elemam, N.M., ElGohary, G.M.T., Elhadi, M., Elmeligy, O.A.A., ELNahas, G., Elshaer, M., Elsohaby, I., Engelbert Bain, L., Erkhembayar, R., Eshrati, B., Estep, K., Fabin, N., Fagbamigbe, A.F., Falzone, L., Fareed, M., Farinha, C.S.E.S., Faris, M.E.M., Faro, A., Farrokhi, P., Fatehizadeh, A., Fauk, N.K., Feigin, V.L., Feng, X., Fereshtehnejad, S.-M., Feroze, A.H., Ferreira, N., Ferreira, P.H., Fischer, F., 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Publisher Information: Elsevier BV
Publication Year: 2024
Collection: White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York)
Description: Background: Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to implement strategies that can mitigate diseases. It can also facilitate more rigorous monitoring of progress towards national and international health targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals. For three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has filled that need. A global network of collaborators contributed to the production of GBD 2021 by providing, reviewing, and analysing all available data. GBD estimates are updated routinely with additional data and refined analytical methods. GBD 2021 presents, for the first time, estimates of health loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The GBD 2021 disease and injury burden analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries using 100 983 data sources. Data were extracted from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, censuses, household surveys, disease-specific registries, health service contact data, and other sources. YLDs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific prevalence of sequelae by their respective disability weights, for each disease and injury. YLLs were calculated by multiplying cause-age-sex-location-year-specific deaths by the standard life expectancy at the age that death occurred. DALYs were calculated by summing YLDs and YLLs. HALE estimates were produced using YLDs per capita and age-specific mortality rates by location, age, sex, year, and cause. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated ...
Document Type: article in journal/newspaper
File Description: text
Language: English
ISSN: 0140-6736
Relation: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/216635/1/Global%20incidence,%20prevalence,%20years%20lived%20with%20disability%20%28YLDs%29,%20disability-adjusted%20life-years%20%28DALYs%29,%20and%20healthy%20life%20e.pdf; Ferrari, A.J., Santomauro, D.F., Aali, A. et al. (1325 more authors) (2024) Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet, 403 (10440). pp. 2133-2161. ISSN: 0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00757-8
Availability: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/216635/
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00757-8
Rights: cc_by_4
Accession Number: edsbas.E5374DD0
Database: BASE
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