Academic Journal
Home-based resistance training performed at either fast or slow speeds improves power output in older adults
| Title: | Home-based resistance training performed at either fast or slow speeds improves power output in older adults |
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| Authors: | Hirata, Kosuke, Ito, Mari, Nomura, Yuta, Kawashima, Chiho, Yoshida, Tsukasa, Yamada, Yosuke, Tillin, Neale A, Power, Geoffrey A, Akagi, Ryota |
| Source: | Hirata , K , Ito , M , Nomura , Y , Kawashima , C , Yoshida , T , Yamada , Y , Tillin , N A , Power , G A & Akagi , R 2024 , ' Home-based resistance training performed at either fast or slow speeds improves power output in older adults ' , Experimental gerontology , vol. 190 , pp. 112430 . < https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S053155652400072X?via%3Dihub > |
| Publication Year: | 2024 |
| Subject Terms: | Humans, Resistance Training/methods, Aged, Male, Muscle Strength/physiology, 80 and over, Muscle Fatigue/physiology, Muscle, Skeletal/physiology, Isometric Contraction/physiology, Knee/physiology, Muscle Contraction/physiology |
| Description: | PURPOSE: We investigated the effect of an unsupervised, body mass- home-based resistance training program in older adults performed at either a fast or slow contractile speed on changes to muscle-power, -volume, -architecture, and fatigue resistance of the knee extensors. METHODS: Thirty-two male older adults (age 65-88 years) were separated into 1) fast-speed exercise (Fast-group), 2) slow-speed exercise (Slow-group), and 3) no exercise (Control-group) groups. Participants in the exercise groups performed 30-45 repetitions of knee-extension and sit-to-stand exercises 3 times a week for 8 weeks with different exercise speed between the groups. Before and after the intervention period, the following variables were measured: Isotonic power, isometric strength, twitch contractile properties, muscle-activity, -architecture, and -quality, neuromuscular fatigue resistance of the knee extensors, and thigh muscle volume. RESULTS: Peak power was increased in both the Fast-group (+24 %, P < 0.01, d = 0.65) and Slow-group (+12 %, P < 0.05, d = 0.33) but not in the Control-group. Training increased pennation angle of the vastus lateralis in both the Fast-group (+8 %, P < 0.01, d = 0.42) and Slow-group (+8 %, P < 0.01, d = 0.42), while only the Fast-group showed increase in pennation angle of the rectus femoris (+12 %, P < 0.01, d = 0.64) and thigh muscle volume (+16 %, P < 0.01, d = 0.52). There was no time × group interaction effect for the other neuromuscular measures. CONCLUSIONS: Unsupervised, body mass- and home-based resistance training performed at either fast or slow speeds can improve muscle power in older adults, while fast-speed exercise may be preferable over slow-speed owing to the relatively greater improvement of muscle-power, -volume, -architecture, and better time efficiency. |
| Document Type: | article in journal/newspaper |
| Language: | English |
| Availability: | https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/2e518dec-44ca-4d01-a643-d1e12d525de5 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S053155652400072X?via%3Dihub |
| Rights: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.737C2AA5 |
| Database: | BASE |
| Description not available. |