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Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

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Title: Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Bourne R.R.A., Steinmetz J.D., Saylan M., Mersha A.M., Weldemariam A.H., Wondmeneh T.G., Sreeramareddy C.T., Pinheiro M., Yaseri M., Yu C., Zastrozhin M.S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z.-J., Zimsen S.R.M., Yonemoto N., Tsegaye G.W., Vu G.T., Vongpradith A., Renzaho A.M.N., Sorrie M.B., Shaheen A.A., Shiferaw W.S., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Saya G.K., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Shigematsu M., Sahraian M.A., Naderifar H., Sabour S., Rathi P., Sathian B., Miller T.R., Rezapour A., Rawal L., Pham H.Q., Parekh U., Podder V., Onwujekwe O.E., Pasovic M., Otstavnov N., Negash H., Pawar S., Naimzada M.D., Al Montasir A., Ogbo F.A., Owolabi M.O., Pakshir K., Mohammad Y., Moni M.A., Nunez-Samudio V., Mulaw G.F., Naveed M., Maleki S., Michalek I.M., Misra S., Swamy S.N., Mohammed J.A., Flaxman S., Park E.-C., Briant P.S., Meles G.G., Hayat K., Landires I., Kim G.R., Liu X., LeGrand K.E., Taylor H.R., Kunjathur S.M., Khoja T.A.M., Bicer B.K., Khalilov R., Hashi A., Kayode G.A., Carneiro V.L.A., Kavetskyy T., Kosen S., Kulkarni V., Holla R., Kalhor R., Jayaram S., Islam S.M.S., Gilani S.A., Eskandarieh S., Molla M.D., Itumalla R., Farzadfar F., Congdon N.G., Elhabashy H.R., Elayedath R., Couto R.A.S., Dervenis N., Cromwell E.A., Dahlawi S.M.A., Resnikoff S., Casson R.J., Abdoli A., Choi J.-Y.J., Dos Santos F.L.C., Abrha W.A., Nagaraja S.B., Abualhasan A., Adal T.G., Aregawi B.B., Beheshti M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Afshin A., Ahmadieh H., Alemzadeh S.A., Arrigo A., Atnafu D.D., Ashbaugh C., Ashrafi E., Alemayehu W., Alfaar A.S., Alipour V., Anbesu E.W., Androudi S., Arabloo J., Arditi A., Bagli E., Baig A.A., Bärnighausen T.W., Parodi M.B., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Bikbov M., Bottone M., Braithwaite T., Bron A.M., Butt Z.A., Cheng C.-Y., Chu D.-T., Cicinelli M.V., Coelho J.M., Dai X., Dana R., Dandona L., Dandona R., Del Monte M.A., Deva J.P., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dreer L.E., Ehrlich J.R., Ellwein L.B., Emamian M.H., Fernandes A.G., Fischer F., Friedman D.S., Furtado J.M., Gaidhane S., Gazzard G., Gebremichael B., George R., Ghashghaee A., Golechha M., Hamidi S., Hammond B.R., Hartnett M.E.R., Hartono R.K., Hay S.I., Heidari G., Ho H.C., Househ M., Ibitoye S.E., Ilic I.M., Huang J.J., Ilic M.D., Ingram A.D., Irvani S.S.N., Jha R.P., Kahloun R., Kandel H., Kasa A.S., Kempen J.H., Khairallah M., Khan E.A., Khanna R.C., Khatib M.N., Kim J.E., Kim Y.J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Koyanagi A., Kurmi O.P., Lansingh V.C., Leasher J.L., Leveziel N., Limburg H., Manafi N., Mansouri K., McAlinden C., Mohammadi S.F., Mokdad A.H., Morse A.R., Naderi M., Naidoo K.S., Nangia V., Nguyen H.L.T., Ogundimu K., Olagunju A.T., Panda-Jonas S., Pesudovs K., Peto T., Ur Rahman M.H., Ramulu P.Y., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Reinig N., Robin A.L., Rossetti L., Safi S., Sahebkar A., Samy A.M., Serle J.B., Shaikh M.A., Shen T.T., Shibuya K., Shin J.I., Silva J.C., Silvester A., Singh J.A., Singhal D., Sitorus R.S., Skiadaresi E., Soheili A., Sousa R.A.R.C., Stambolian D., Tadesse E.G., Tahhan N., Tareque Md.I., Topouzis F., Tran B.X., Tsilimbaris M.K., Varma R., Virgili G., Wang N., Wang Y.X., West S.K., Wong T.Y., Jonas J.B., Vos T., GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study
Source: The Lancet Global Health ; https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099179366&doi=10.1016%2fS2214-109X%2820%2930489-7&partnerID=40&md5=c97ebbafd2158dc8541eccb7b8669e3b
Publication Year: 2021
Collection: University of Thessaly Institutional Repository / Ιδρυματικό Αποθετήριο Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλίας
Subject Terms: age related macular degeneration, aging, Article, blindness, cataract, controlled study, diabetes mellitus, diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, disease burden, disease modelling, ethnicity, eye disease, family planning, geographic distribution, glaucoma, global disease burden, health care survey, health service, human, meta analysis, nonhuman, phenotype, prevalence, refraction error, systematic review, visual acuity, visual field, visual impairment, World Health Organization
Description: Background: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10° visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older. Findings: Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change −0·2% [95% UI −1·5 to 1·0]; 2019 prevalence 9·58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8·51 to 10·8], 2010 prevalence 96·0 cases per 1000 people [86·0 to 107·0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by −15·4% [–16·8 to −14·3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0·5% [–0·8 to 1·6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10·8% [8·9 to 12·4]) and MSVI (31·5% [30·0 to 33·1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15·2 million cases [9% IU 12·7–18·0]), followed by glaucoma (3·6 million cases [2·8–4·4]), undercorrected refractive error (2·3 million cases [1·8–2·8]), age-related macular degeneration (1·8 million cases [1·3–2·4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0·86 million cases [0·59–1·23]). Leading causes of ...
Document Type: article in journal/newspaper
Language: English
ISSN: 2214109X
Relation: https://hdl.handle.net/11615/72006
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30489-7
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  Data: Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
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  Data: The Lancet Global Health ; https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099179366&amp;doi=10.1016%2fS2214-109X%2820%2930489-7&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=c97ebbafd2158dc8541eccb7b8669e3b
– Name: DatePubCY
  Label: Publication Year
  Group: Date
  Data: 2021
– Name: Subset
  Label: Collection
  Group: HoldingsInfo
  Data: University of Thessaly Institutional Repository / Ιδρυματικό Αποθετήριο Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλίας
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22age+related+macular+degeneration%22&quot;&gt;age related macular degeneration&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22aging%22&quot;&gt;aging&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Article%22&quot;&gt;Article&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22blindness%22&quot;&gt;blindness&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22cataract%22&quot;&gt;cataract&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22controlled+study%22&quot;&gt;controlled study&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22diabetes+mellitus%22&quot;&gt;diabetes mellitus&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22diabetic+macular+edema%22&quot;&gt;diabetic macular edema&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22diabetic+retinopathy%22&quot;&gt;diabetic retinopathy&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22disease+burden%22&quot;&gt;disease burden&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22disease+modelling%22&quot;&gt;disease modelling&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22ethnicity%22&quot;&gt;ethnicity&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22eye+disease%22&quot;&gt;eye disease&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22family+planning%22&quot;&gt;family planning&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22geographic+distribution%22&quot;&gt;geographic distribution&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22glaucoma%22&quot;&gt;glaucoma&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22global+disease+burden%22&quot;&gt;global disease burden&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22health+care+survey%22&quot;&gt;health care survey&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22health+service%22&quot;&gt;health service&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22human%22&quot;&gt;human&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22meta+analysis%22&quot;&gt;meta analysis&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22nonhuman%22&quot;&gt;nonhuman&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22phenotype%22&quot;&gt;phenotype&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22prevalence%22&quot;&gt;prevalence&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22refraction+error%22&quot;&gt;refraction error&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22systematic+review%22&quot;&gt;systematic review&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22visual+acuity%22&quot;&gt;visual acuity&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22visual+field%22&quot;&gt;visual field&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22visual+impairment%22&quot;&gt;visual impairment&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22World+Health+Organization%22&quot;&gt;World Health Organization&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from &lt;6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (&lt;3/60 or less than 10&#176; visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older. Findings: Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change −0&#183;2% [95% UI −1&#183;5 to 1&#183;0]; 2019 prevalence 9&#183;58 cases per 1000 people [95% IU 8&#183;51 to 10&#183;8], 2010 prevalence 96&#183;0 cases per 1000 people [86&#183;0 to 107&#183;0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by −15&#183;4% [–16&#183;8 to −14&#183;3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0&#183;5% [–0&#183;8 to 1&#183;6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10&#183;8% [8&#183;9 to 12&#183;4]) and MSVI (31&#183;5% [30&#183;0 to 33&#183;1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15&#183;2 million cases [9% IU 12&#183;7–18&#183;0]), followed by glaucoma (3&#183;6 million cases [2&#183;8–4&#183;4]), undercorrected refractive error (2&#183;3 million cases [1&#183;8–2&#183;8]), age-related macular degeneration (1&#183;8 million cases [1&#183;3–2&#183;4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0&#183;86 million cases [0&#183;59–1&#183;23]). Leading causes of ...
– Name: TypeDocument
  Label: Document Type
  Group: TypDoc
  Data: article in journal/newspaper
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 2214109X
– Name: NoteTitleSource
  Label: Relation
  Group: SrcInfo
  Data: https://hdl.handle.net/11615/72006
– Name: DOI
  Label: DOI
  Group: ID
  Data: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30489-7
– Name: URL
  Label: Availability
  Group: URL
  Data: https://hdl.handle.net/11615/72006&lt;br /&gt;https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30489-7
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  Label: Accession Number
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  Data: edsbas.7052CFF9
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edsbas&AN=edsbas.7052CFF9
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30489-7
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: age related macular degeneration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: aging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Article
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: blindness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: cataract
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: controlled study
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: diabetes mellitus
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: diabetic macular edema
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: diabetic retinopathy
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: disease burden
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: disease modelling
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: ethnicity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: eye disease
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: family planning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: geographic distribution
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: glaucoma
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: global disease burden
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: health care survey
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: health service
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: human
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: meta analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: nonhuman
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: phenotype
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: prevalence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: refraction error
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: systematic review
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: visual acuity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: visual field
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: visual impairment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: World Health Organization
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Sabour S.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Rathi P.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Sathian B.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Miller T.R.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rezapour A.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Rawal L.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pham H.Q.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Parekh U.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Podder V.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Pasovic M.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Otstavnov N.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Negash H.
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pawar S.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Al Montasir A.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Ogbo F.A.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Pakshir K.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Mohammad Y.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Nunez-Samudio V.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hayat K.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Landires I.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Liu X.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hashi A.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Fischer F.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Koyanagi A.
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Kurmi O.P.
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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            NameFull: GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators, Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2021
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 2214109X
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              Value: edsbas
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: The Lancet Global Health ; https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099179366&doi=10.1016%2fS2214-109X%2820%2930489-7&partnerID=40&md5=c97ebbafd2158dc8541eccb7b8669e3b
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