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Inflammatory and epigenetic alterations associated with attention deficits in adolescents with cocaine base paste addiction.

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Title: Inflammatory and epigenetic alterations associated with attention deficits in adolescents with cocaine base paste addiction.
Authors: Sonzogni, Silvina V, de la Fuente, Laura A, Mimura, Camila, Aragón Daud, Agustina, Vignaga, Sofía Schurmann, Vota, Daiana, Manes, Facundo, Cetkovich, Marcelo, Torralva, Teresa, Ibañez, Agustin, Cánepa, Eduardo T
Source: Journal of Psychiatric Research, 192, 227 - 236 (2026-01)
Publisher Information: Elsevier Ltd
Publication Year: 2026
Collection: University of Liège: ORBi (Open Repository and Bibliography)
Subject Terms: Addiction, Attention, DNMT1, DNMT3A, Global methylation, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1, DNMT1 protein, human, DNA Methyltransferase 3A, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases, DNMT3A protein, Cocaine, NF-kappa B, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Humans, Adolescent, Male, Female, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1/metabolism, DNA Methylation, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/metabolism, Pilot Projects, NF-kappa B/metabolism, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism, Epigenesis, Genetic, Cocaine-Related Disorders/complications, Cocaine-Related Disorders/genetics, Cocaine-Related Disorders/metabolism, Inflammation/metabolism
Description: peer reviewed ; Cocaine base paste (CBP) is an intermediate product in the process of obtaining cocaine (COC), known for its low cost, high toxicity, and poor quality. Its use became widespread in Argentina during the socioeconomic crisis of 2001-2002 and is more prevalent among individuals under 25 and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. This pilot study aimed to characterize inflammatory and epigenetic mechanisms involved in CBP and COC addiction, and their relationship to attention deficits. We analyzed adolescents with CBP dependence (n = 25), COC dependence (n = 22), and non-dependent controls (CTR, n = 25). Gene expression analysis revealed decreased levels of NF-κB and TNF-α in both drug-dependent groups. The CBP group also showed reduced expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3A, while only DNMT1 was decreased in the COC group. These changes were consistent with lower global DNA methylation levels in both groups compared to controls. We observed that DNMT1 expression was related to top-down attention. While higher DNMT1 levels were associated with better attention performance in the CTR and COC groups, the CBP group showed the opposite pattern. These findings support the presence of distinct molecular adaptations in CBP and COC abusers and may help identify potential targets linked to cognitive deficits in addiction.
Document Type: article in journal/newspaper
Language: English
ISSN: 0022-3956
1879-1379
Relation: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0022395625006545?httpAccept=text/xml; urn:issn:0022-3956; urn:issn:1879-1379; https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/343746; info:hdl:2268/343746; info:pmid:41172928
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.046
Availability: https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/343746
https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/343746/1/1-s2.0-S0022395625006545-main.pdf
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.10.046
Rights: open access ; http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Accession Number: edsbas.496CDBB3
Database: BASE
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  Data: peer reviewed ; Cocaine base paste (CBP) is an intermediate product in the process of obtaining cocaine (COC), known for its low cost, high toxicity, and poor quality. Its use became widespread in Argentina during the socioeconomic crisis of 2001-2002 and is more prevalent among individuals under 25 and those from low socioeconomic backgrounds. This pilot study aimed to characterize inflammatory and epigenetic mechanisms involved in CBP and COC addiction, and their relationship to attention deficits. We analyzed adolescents with CBP dependence (n = 25), COC dependence (n = 22), and non-dependent controls (CTR, n = 25). Gene expression analysis revealed decreased levels of NF-κB and TNF-α in both drug-dependent groups. The CBP group also showed reduced expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3A, while only DNMT1 was decreased in the COC group. These changes were consistent with lower global DNA methylation levels in both groups compared to controls. We observed that DNMT1 expression was related to top-down attention. While higher DNMT1 levels were associated with better attention performance in the CTR and COC groups, the CBP group showed the opposite pattern. These findings support the presence of distinct molecular adaptations in CBP and COC abusers and may help identify potential targets linked to cognitive deficits in addiction.
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