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Hidden sources of joy, fear, and sadness : Explicit versus implicit neural processing of musical emotions

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Title: Hidden sources of joy, fear, and sadness : Explicit versus implicit neural processing of musical emotions
Authors: Bogert, Brigitte, Numminen-Kontti, Taru, Gold, Benjamin, Sams, Mikko, Numminen, Jussi, Burunat, Iballa, Lampinen, Jouko, Brattico, Elvira
Contributors: Behavioural Sciences, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Clinicum, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Elvira Brattico / Principal Investigator
Publisher Information: Elsevier Ltd.
Publication Year: 2017
Collection: Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto
Subject Terms: Music, Emotion, Implicit processing, Explicit processing, Caudate, VOXEL-BASED METAANALYSIS, BRAIN-REGIONS, CAUDATE-NUCLEUS, FUNCTIONAL MRI, MEANINGLESS SPEECH, BACKGROUND MUSIC, FMRI, RESPONSES, PROSODY, NEUROSCIENCE, Psychology, Neurosciences
Description: Music is often used to regulate emotions and mood. Typically, music conveys and induces emotions even when one does not attend to them. Studies on the neural substrates of musical emotions have, however, only examined brain activity when subjects have focused on the emotional content of the music. Here we address with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) the neural processing of happy, sad, and fearful music with a paradigm in which 56 subjects were instructed to either classify the emotions (explicit condition) or pay attention to the number of instruments playing (implicit condition) in 4-s music clips. In the implicit vs. explicit condition, stimuli activated bilaterally the inferior parietal lobule, premotor cortex, caudate, and ventromedial frontal areas. The cortical dorsomedial prefrontal and occipital areas activated during explicit processing were those previously shown to be associated with the cognitive processing of music and emotion recognition and regulation. Moreover, happiness in music was associated with activity in the bilateral auditory cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, and supplementary motor area, whereas the negative emotions of sadness and fear corresponded with activation of the left anterior cingulate and middle frontal gyrus and down-regulation of the orbitofrontal cortex. Our study demonstrates for the first time in healthy subjects the neural underpinnings of the implicit processing of brief musical emotions, particularly in frontoparietal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and striatal areas of the brain. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; Peer reviewed
Document Type: article in journal/newspaper
File Description: application/pdf
Language: English
Relation: We would like to thank Johanna Nohrstrom, Marita Kattelus, Mikko Heimola, Toni Auranen and Prof. Christina Krause for assistance with data collection, Dr. Jyrki Makela and Dr. Robert Boldt for help with the ethical and safety issues related to data acquisition, Tiziana Quarto and Hella Kastbjerg for proofreading, and Dr. Enrico Glerean for consultancy regarding some stages of data processing. This work was financially supported by the Gyllenberg Foundation, TEKES, the Academy of Finland (Project no: 133673 and 141106), and the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF117).; https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225829; 84979268215; 000383003100037
Availability: https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225829
Rights: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; openAccess
Accession Number: edsbas.2FC7246A
Database: BASE
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  – Url: https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225829#
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  Data: Hidden sources of joy, fear, and sadness : Explicit versus implicit neural processing of musical emotions
– Name: Author
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  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bogert%2C+Brigitte%22">Bogert, Brigitte</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Numminen-Kontti%2C+Taru%22">Numminen-Kontti, Taru</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gold%2C+Benjamin%22">Gold, Benjamin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sams%2C+Mikko%22">Sams, Mikko</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Numminen%2C+Jussi%22">Numminen, Jussi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burunat%2C+Iballa%22">Burunat, Iballa</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lampinen%2C+Jouko%22">Lampinen, Jouko</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Brattico%2C+Elvira%22">Brattico, Elvira</searchLink>
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  Label: Contributors
  Group: Au
  Data: Behavioural Sciences<br />Cognitive Brain Research Unit<br />Clinicum<br />Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics<br />Elvira Brattico / Principal Investigator
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  Data: Elsevier Ltd.
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  Data: 2017
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  Data: Helsingfors Universitet: HELDA – Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Music%22">Music</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Emotion%22">Emotion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Implicit+processing%22">Implicit processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Explicit+processing%22">Explicit processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Caudate%22">Caudate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22VOXEL-BASED+METAANALYSIS%22">VOXEL-BASED METAANALYSIS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BRAIN-REGIONS%22">BRAIN-REGIONS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CAUDATE-NUCLEUS%22">CAUDATE-NUCLEUS</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FUNCTIONAL+MRI%22">FUNCTIONAL MRI</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEANINGLESS+SPEECH%22">MEANINGLESS SPEECH</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22BACKGROUND+MUSIC%22">BACKGROUND MUSIC</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22FMRI%22">FMRI</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RESPONSES%22">RESPONSES</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PROSODY%22">PROSODY</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22NEUROSCIENCE%22">NEUROSCIENCE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology%22">Psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurosciences%22">Neurosciences</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Description
  Group: Ab
  Data: Music is often used to regulate emotions and mood. Typically, music conveys and induces emotions even when one does not attend to them. Studies on the neural substrates of musical emotions have, however, only examined brain activity when subjects have focused on the emotional content of the music. Here we address with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) the neural processing of happy, sad, and fearful music with a paradigm in which 56 subjects were instructed to either classify the emotions (explicit condition) or pay attention to the number of instruments playing (implicit condition) in 4-s music clips. In the implicit vs. explicit condition, stimuli activated bilaterally the inferior parietal lobule, premotor cortex, caudate, and ventromedial frontal areas. The cortical dorsomedial prefrontal and occipital areas activated during explicit processing were those previously shown to be associated with the cognitive processing of music and emotion recognition and regulation. Moreover, happiness in music was associated with activity in the bilateral auditory cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, and supplementary motor area, whereas the negative emotions of sadness and fear corresponded with activation of the left anterior cingulate and middle frontal gyrus and down-regulation of the orbitofrontal cortex. Our study demonstrates for the first time in healthy subjects the neural underpinnings of the implicit processing of brief musical emotions, particularly in frontoparietal, dorsolateral prefrontal, and striatal areas of the brain. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; Peer reviewed
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  Data: We would like to thank Johanna Nohrstrom, Marita Kattelus, Mikko Heimola, Toni Auranen and Prof. Christina Krause for assistance with data collection, Dr. Jyrki Makela and Dr. Robert Boldt for help with the ethical and safety issues related to data acquisition, Tiziana Quarto and Hella Kastbjerg for proofreading, and Dr. Enrico Glerean for consultancy regarding some stages of data processing. This work was financially supported by the Gyllenberg Foundation, TEKES, the Academy of Finland (Project no: 133673 and 141106), and the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF117).; https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225829; 84979268215; 000383003100037
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  Data: https://hdl.handle.net/10138/225829
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  Data: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess ; openAccess
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  Data: edsbas.2FC7246A
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Music
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Emotion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Implicit processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Explicit processing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Caudate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: VOXEL-BASED METAANALYSIS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: BRAIN-REGIONS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: CAUDATE-NUCLEUS
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: FUNCTIONAL MRI
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: MEANINGLESS SPEECH
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: BACKGROUND MUSIC
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: FMRI
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: RESPONSES
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      – SubjectFull: NEUROSCIENCE
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      – TitleFull: Hidden sources of joy, fear, and sadness : Explicit versus implicit neural processing of musical emotions
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