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Non-geometric tilt-to-length coupling in precision interferometry: mechanisms and analytical descriptions

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Title: Non-geometric tilt-to-length coupling in precision interferometry: mechanisms and analytical descriptions
Authors: Hartig, Marie-Sophie, Schuster, Sönke, Heinzel, Gerhard, Wanner, Gudrun
Source: Journal of Optics 25 (2023), Nr. 5 ; Journal of Optics
Publisher Information: IOP Publ.
Publication Year: 2023
Collection: Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover
Subject Terms: interferometric noise sources, laser interferometry, LISA, optical cross-talk, space interferometry, tilt-to-length coupling, wavefront properties, ddc:530
Description: This paper is the second in a set of two investigating tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling. TTL describes the cross-coupling of angular or translational jitter into an interferometric phase signal and is an important noise source in precision interferometers, including space gravitational wave detectors like LISA. We discussed in Hartig et al (2022 J. Opt. 24 065601) the TTL coupling effects originating from optical path length changes, i.e. geometric TTL coupling. Within this work, we focus on the wavefront and detector geometry dependent TTL coupling, called non-geometric TTL coupling, in the case of two interfering fundamental Gaussian beams. We characterise the coupling originating from the properties of the interfering beams, i.e. their absolute and relative angle at the detector, their relative offset and the individual beam parameters. Furthermore, we discuss the dependency of the TTL coupling on the geometry of the detecting photodiode. Wherever possible, we provide analytical expressions for the expected TTL coupling effects. We investigate the non-geometric coupling effects originating from beam walk due to the angular or translational jitter of a mirror or a receiving system. These effects are directly compared with the corresponding detected optical path length changes in Hartig et al (2022 J. Opt. 24 065601). Both together provide the total interferometric readout. We discuss in which cases the geometric and non-geometric TTL effects cancel one-another. Additionally, we list linear TTL contributions that can be used to counteract other TTL effects. Altogether, our results provide key knowledge to minimise the total TTL coupling noise in experiments by design or realignment.
Document Type: article in journal/newspaper
Language: English
ISSN: 2040-8978
Relation: ESSN:2040-8986; http://dx.doi.org/10.15488/14852
DOI: 10.15488/14852
Availability: https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/14971
https://doi.org/10.15488/14852
Rights: CC BY 4.0 Unported ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ; frei zugänglich
Accession Number: edsbas.209DD2F9
Database: BASE
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  – Url: https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/14971#
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  Data: Non-geometric tilt-to-length coupling in precision interferometry: mechanisms and analytical descriptions
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hartig%2C+Marie-Sophie%22">Hartig, Marie-Sophie</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schuster%2C+Sönke%22">Schuster, Sönke</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Heinzel%2C+Gerhard%22">Heinzel, Gerhard</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wanner%2C+Gudrun%22">Wanner, Gudrun</searchLink>
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  Data: Journal of Optics 25 (2023), Nr. 5 ; Journal of Optics
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  Data: IOP Publ.
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  Data: 2023
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  Data: Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22interferometric+noise+sources%22">interferometric noise sources</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22laser+interferometry%22">laser interferometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22LISA%22">LISA</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22optical+cross-talk%22">optical cross-talk</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22space+interferometry%22">space interferometry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22tilt-to-length+coupling%22">tilt-to-length coupling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22wavefront+properties%22">wavefront properties</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22ddc%3A530%22">ddc:530</searchLink>
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  Label: Description
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  Data: This paper is the second in a set of two investigating tilt-to-length (TTL) coupling. TTL describes the cross-coupling of angular or translational jitter into an interferometric phase signal and is an important noise source in precision interferometers, including space gravitational wave detectors like LISA. We discussed in Hartig et al (2022 J. Opt. 24 065601) the TTL coupling effects originating from optical path length changes, i.e. geometric TTL coupling. Within this work, we focus on the wavefront and detector geometry dependent TTL coupling, called non-geometric TTL coupling, in the case of two interfering fundamental Gaussian beams. We characterise the coupling originating from the properties of the interfering beams, i.e. their absolute and relative angle at the detector, their relative offset and the individual beam parameters. Furthermore, we discuss the dependency of the TTL coupling on the geometry of the detecting photodiode. Wherever possible, we provide analytical expressions for the expected TTL coupling effects. We investigate the non-geometric coupling effects originating from beam walk due to the angular or translational jitter of a mirror or a receiving system. These effects are directly compared with the corresponding detected optical path length changes in Hartig et al (2022 J. Opt. 24 065601). Both together provide the total interferometric readout. We discuss in which cases the geometric and non-geometric TTL effects cancel one-another. Additionally, we list linear TTL contributions that can be used to counteract other TTL effects. Altogether, our results provide key knowledge to minimise the total TTL coupling noise in experiments by design or realignment.
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  Data: CC BY 4.0 Unported ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ; frei zugänglich
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      – Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: interferometric noise sources
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: laser interferometry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: LISA
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      – SubjectFull: optical cross-talk
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      – SubjectFull: space interferometry
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      – SubjectFull: tilt-to-length coupling
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      – TitleFull: Non-geometric tilt-to-length coupling in precision interferometry: mechanisms and analytical descriptions
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