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Age-of-Information Dependent Random Access in Multiple-Relay Slotted ALOHA

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Τίτλος: Age-of-Information Dependent Random Access in Multiple-Relay Slotted ALOHA
Συγγραφείς: Gabriel Germino Martins de Jesus, João Luiz Rebelatto, Richard Demo Souza
Πηγή: IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 112076-112085 (2022)
Στοιχεία εκδότη: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2022.
Έτος έκδοσης: 2022
Θεματικοί όροι: IoT, Metric (unit), Computer Networks and Communications, Epidemiology, Economics, Multi-hop Networks, Age-of-information, Internet of Things, Age of Information, 02 engineering and technology, Optimizing Information Freshness in Communication Networks, Quantum mechanics, 7. Clean energy, FOS: Economics and business, Engineering, Health Sciences, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Business, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Marketing, Computer network, Low Power Wide Area Network Technologies, Physics, Performance metric, Relay, relays, Economy, Power (physics), Epidemiology and Management of Congenital Heart Disease, Computer science, Random access, random access, TK1-9971, Information Age, ALOHA, Operations management, Computer Science, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Random Access Protocols
Περιγραφή: Avec l'avènement et la consolidation rapide de l'Internet des objets (IoT), de multiples applications se présentent avec des exigences de performance différentes, telles que l'actualité des informations, qui peuvent être quantifiées par la mesure de l'âge de l'information (AoI). En outre, il est souvent souhaitable de permettre la coexistence d'un grand nombre de dispositifs IoT à faible complexité, et les méthodes modernes d'accès aléatoire ont été explorées comme moyen d'y parvenir. Dans cet article, nous étudions la performance d'un réseau à deux sauts à accès aléatoire avec plusieurs relais, en nous concentrant sur la métrique AoI. Nous évaluons l'âge moyen du réseau sous deux approches dépendantes de l'âge, à savoir ADRA-MRU, dans laquelle les utilisateurs évaluent leur âge par rapport à un seuil avant de transmettre, et ADRA-MRD, où cette responsabilité appartient aux relais. En conséquence, nous montrons à travers des résultats analytiques et numériques que l'ADRA-MRU peut réduire considérablement l'AoI moyenne d'un schéma d'accès aléatoire indépendant de l'âge avec plusieurs relais (AIRA-MR) de plus de 60%, tandis que les performances de l'ADRA-MRD sont légèrement meilleures que celles de l'AIRA-MR. En outre, nous fournissons également des informations sur le nombre optimal de relais ainsi que d'autres paramètres qui influencent l'AoI.
Con la llegada y la rápida consolidación del Internet de las cosas (IoT), surgen múltiples aplicaciones con diferentes requisitos de rendimiento, como la puntualidad de la información, que se puede cuantificar mediante la métrica de la era de la información (AoI). Además, a menudo es deseable permitir la coexistencia de un número masivo de dispositivos IoT de baja complejidad, y se han explorado métodos modernos de acceso aleatorio como una forma de lograrlo. En este documento, investigamos el rendimiento de una red de dos saltos de acceso aleatorio con múltiples relés, centrándonos en la métrica AoI. Evaluamos la edad media de la red bajo dos enfoques dependientes de la edad, a saber, ADRA-MRU, en el que los usuarios evalúan su edad frente a un umbral antes de transmitir, y ADRA-MRD, donde esta responsabilidad pertenece a los relés. Como resultado, mostramos a través de resultados analíticos y numéricos que ADRA-MRU puede reducir considerablemente el AoI promedio de un esquema de acceso aleatorio independiente de la edad con múltiples relés (AIRA-MR) en más del 60%, mientras que el rendimiento de ADRA-MRD es ligeramente mejor que el de AIRA-MR. Además, también proporcionamos información sobre el número óptimo de relés, así como otros parámetros que influyen en el AoI.
With the advent and rapidly consolidating of the Internet of Things (IoT), multiple applications arise with different performance requirements, such as the timeliness of information, which can be quantified by the age-of-information (AoI) metric. Furthermore, allowing the coexistence of massive numbers of low-complexity IoT devices is often desirable, and modern random access methods have been explored as a way of achieving it. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a random access two-hop network with multiple relays, focusing on the AoI metric. We evaluate the average age of the network under two age-dependent approaches, namely ADRA-MRU, in which users evaluate their age against a threshold before transmitting, and ADRA-MRD, where this responsibility belongs to relays. As a result, we show through analytical and numerical results that ADRA-MRU can considerably reduce the average AoI of an age-independent random access scheme with multiple relays (AIRA-MR) by more than 60%, while the performance of ADRA-MRD is slightly better than that of AIRA-MR. Moreover, we also provide insights on the optimal number of relays as well as other parameters that influence the AoI.
مع ظهور إنترنت الأشياء (IoT) وتوطيده بسرعة، تنشأ تطبيقات متعددة مع متطلبات أداء مختلفة، مثل توقيت المعلومات، والتي يمكن قياسها كمياً بمقياس عصر المعلومات (AoI). علاوة على ذلك، غالبًا ما يكون من المرغوب فيه السماح بالتعايش بين أعداد هائلة من أجهزة إنترنت الأشياء منخفضة التعقيد، وقد تم استكشاف طرق الوصول العشوائي الحديثة كوسيلة لتحقيق ذلك. في هذه الورقة، نقوم بالتحقيق في أداء شبكة الوصول العشوائي ثنائية القفزة مع مرحلات متعددة، مع التركيز على مقياس AOI. نقوم بتقييم متوسط عمر الشبكة تحت نهجين يعتمدان على العمر، وهما ADRA - MRU، حيث يقوم المستخدمون بتقييم عمرهم مقابل عتبة قبل الإرسال، و ADRA - MRD، حيث تنتمي هذه المسؤولية إلى المرحلات. ونتيجة لذلك، نظهر من خلال النتائج التحليلية والعددية أن ADRA - MRU يمكن أن تقلل بشكل كبير من متوسط AOI لمخطط الوصول العشوائي المستقل عن العمر مع مرحلات متعددة (AIRA - MR) بأكثر من 60 ٪، في حين أن أداء ADRA - MRD أفضل قليلاً من أداء AIRA - MR. علاوة على ذلك، نقدم أيضًا رؤى حول العدد الأمثل من المرحلات بالإضافة إلى المعلمات الأخرى التي تؤثر على AOI.
Τύπος εγγράφου: Article
Other literature type
ISSN: 2169-3536
DOI: 10.1109/access.2022.3216616
DOI: 10.60692/2g192-c5279
DOI: 10.60692/65sz4-5mr08
Σύνδεσμος πρόσβασης: https://doaj.org/article/2e8af1c230684daf953b751bc684a1bf
Rights: CC BY
Αριθμός Καταχώρησης: edsair.doi.dedup.....e77a70f498c8d8e26759b77b83a18f3c
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  Data: Age-of-Information Dependent Random Access in Multiple-Relay Slotted ALOHA
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  Data: IEEE Access, Vol 10, Pp 112076-112085 (2022)
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  Data: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2022.
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  Data: Avec l'avènement et la consolidation rapide de l'Internet des objets (IoT), de multiples applications se présentent avec des exigences de performance différentes, telles que l'actualité des informations, qui peuvent être quantifiées par la mesure de l'âge de l'information (AoI). En outre, il est souvent souhaitable de permettre la coexistence d'un grand nombre de dispositifs IoT à faible complexité, et les méthodes modernes d'accès aléatoire ont été explorées comme moyen d'y parvenir. Dans cet article, nous étudions la performance d'un réseau à deux sauts à accès aléatoire avec plusieurs relais, en nous concentrant sur la métrique AoI. Nous évaluons l'âge moyen du réseau sous deux approches dépendantes de l'âge, à savoir ADRA-MRU, dans laquelle les utilisateurs évaluent leur âge par rapport à un seuil avant de transmettre, et ADRA-MRD, où cette responsabilité appartient aux relais. En conséquence, nous montrons à travers des résultats analytiques et numériques que l'ADRA-MRU peut réduire considérablement l'AoI moyenne d'un schéma d'accès aléatoire indépendant de l'âge avec plusieurs relais (AIRA-MR) de plus de 60%, tandis que les performances de l'ADRA-MRD sont légèrement meilleures que celles de l'AIRA-MR. En outre, nous fournissons également des informations sur le nombre optimal de relais ainsi que d'autres paramètres qui influencent l'AoI.<br />Con la llegada y la rápida consolidación del Internet de las cosas (IoT), surgen múltiples aplicaciones con diferentes requisitos de rendimiento, como la puntualidad de la información, que se puede cuantificar mediante la métrica de la era de la información (AoI). Además, a menudo es deseable permitir la coexistencia de un número masivo de dispositivos IoT de baja complejidad, y se han explorado métodos modernos de acceso aleatorio como una forma de lograrlo. En este documento, investigamos el rendimiento de una red de dos saltos de acceso aleatorio con múltiples relés, centrándonos en la métrica AoI. Evaluamos la edad media de la red bajo dos enfoques dependientes de la edad, a saber, ADRA-MRU, en el que los usuarios evalúan su edad frente a un umbral antes de transmitir, y ADRA-MRD, donde esta responsabilidad pertenece a los relés. Como resultado, mostramos a través de resultados analíticos y numéricos que ADRA-MRU puede reducir considerablemente el AoI promedio de un esquema de acceso aleatorio independiente de la edad con múltiples relés (AIRA-MR) en más del 60%, mientras que el rendimiento de ADRA-MRD es ligeramente mejor que el de AIRA-MR. Además, también proporcionamos información sobre el número óptimo de relés, así como otros parámetros que influyen en el AoI.<br />With the advent and rapidly consolidating of the Internet of Things (IoT), multiple applications arise with different performance requirements, such as the timeliness of information, which can be quantified by the age-of-information (AoI) metric. Furthermore, allowing the coexistence of massive numbers of low-complexity IoT devices is often desirable, and modern random access methods have been explored as a way of achieving it. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a random access two-hop network with multiple relays, focusing on the AoI metric. We evaluate the average age of the network under two age-dependent approaches, namely ADRA-MRU, in which users evaluate their age against a threshold before transmitting, and ADRA-MRD, where this responsibility belongs to relays. As a result, we show through analytical and numerical results that ADRA-MRU can considerably reduce the average AoI of an age-independent random access scheme with multiple relays (AIRA-MR) by more than 60%, while the performance of ADRA-MRD is slightly better than that of AIRA-MR. Moreover, we also provide insights on the optimal number of relays as well as other parameters that influence the AoI.<br />مع ظهور إنترنت الأشياء (IoT) وتوطيده بسرعة، تنشأ تطبيقات متعددة مع متطلبات أداء مختلفة، مثل توقيت المعلومات، والتي يمكن قياسها كمياً بمقياس عصر المعلومات (AoI). علاوة على ذلك، غالبًا ما يكون من المرغوب فيه السماح بالتعايش بين أعداد هائلة من أجهزة إنترنت الأشياء منخفضة التعقيد، وقد تم استكشاف طرق الوصول العشوائي الحديثة كوسيلة لتحقيق ذلك. في هذه الورقة، نقوم بالتحقيق في أداء شبكة الوصول العشوائي ثنائية القفزة مع مرحلات متعددة، مع التركيز على مقياس AOI. نقوم بتقييم متوسط عمر الشبكة تحت نهجين يعتمدان على العمر، وهما ADRA - MRU، حيث يقوم المستخدمون بتقييم عمرهم مقابل عتبة قبل الإرسال، و ADRA - MRD، حيث تنتمي هذه المسؤولية إلى المرحلات. ونتيجة لذلك، نظهر من خلال النتائج التحليلية والعددية أن ADRA - MRU يمكن أن تقلل بشكل كبير من متوسط AOI لمخطط الوصول العشوائي المستقل عن العمر مع مرحلات متعددة (AIRA - MR) بأكثر من 60 ٪، في حين أن أداء ADRA - MRD أفضل قليلاً من أداء AIRA - MR. علاوة على ذلك، نقدم أيضًا رؤى حول العدد الأمثل من المرحلات بالإضافة إلى المعلمات الأخرى التي تؤثر على AOI.
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            NameFull: Richard Demo Souza
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      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 01
              Type: published
              Y: 2022
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 21693536
            – Type: issn-locals
              Value: edsair
            – Type: issn-locals
              Value: edsairFT
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 10
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: IEEE Access
              Type: main
ResultId 1