Occurrence and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in an urban aquifer located at the Besòs River Delta (Spain)

Bibliographic Details
Title:	Occurrence and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in an urban aquifer located at the Besòs River Delta (Spain)
Authors:	Carmen Sáez Camacho, Arianna Bautista, Olha Nikolenko, Laura Scheiber, Marinella Farré, Anna Jurado, Estanislao Pujades
Publisher Information:	Copernicus GmbH, 2025.
Publication Year:	2025
Subject Terms:	2. Zero hunger, 13. Climate action, 11. Sustainability, 6. Clean water
Description:	Due to the increasing demand of water, urban aquifers are an alternative source of water supply. However, they are at risk of contamination from persistent and mobile organic compounds (PMOCs), especially per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are artificial organic substances widely used across various industrial sectors. PFASs are considered toxic, mobile and persistent, and have therefore gained significant attention in environmental chemistry. Moreover, PFASs precursors transform into more recalcitrant and mobile products under natural conditions. Therefore, it is needed to investigate the fate of PFASs when they reach aquifers to use groundwater safely. However, there is limited information about the processes which affect their behaviour in groundwater, especially at the field-scale. In this context, the aim of this investigation is to assess and identify processes that control the evolution of PFASs in an urban aquifer in Barcelona, where groundwater behaves analogously to a river bank filtration system. A part from PFASs, 4 PMOCs were also analysed. During a summer campaign, 21 groundwater and 6 river samples were collected revealing the presence of 17 PFASs products, 3 novel PFASs and 4 PMOCs non-PFASs. PFASs products were found to be ubiquitous, with the highest concentrations found in PFBS, TFA and TFSA. Non-PFASs and novel PFASs, with the exception of Sulfanilic acid, were found to be present in very low concentrations. It was observed that the redox conditions influence the behaviour of a number of PFASs controlling their attenuation capacity or recalcitrant behaviour. Most substances showed accumulation, possibly explained by sorption/desorption processes or by transformation processes, highlighting the challenges associated with PFASs remediation. In addition, the PFAS TFSA and two of the longest chain PFASs detected presented removals at different intensities. Our results will have tremendous implications for establishing the evolution of PFASs along the groundwater flow and might be extended to similar research areas such as Manage Aquifer Recharge techniques.
Document Type:	Article
DOI:	10.5194/egusphere-egu24-658
Accession Number:	edsair.doi...........8d8063e1eaabb89a6c492d2f2ba73d46
Database:	OpenAIRE

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Header	DbId: edsair DbLabel: OpenAIRE An: edsair.doi...........8d8063e1eaabb89a6c492d2f2ba73d46 RelevancyScore: 916 AccessLevel: 3 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 915.52587890625
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Items	– Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Occurrence and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in an urban aquifer located at the Besòs River Delta (Spain) – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carmen+Sáez+Camacho%22">Carmen Sáez Camacho</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arianna+Bautista%22">Arianna Bautista</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Olha+Nikolenko%22">Olha Nikolenko</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Laura+Scheiber%22">Laura Scheiber</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marinella+Farré%22">Marinella Farré</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anna+Jurado%22">Anna Jurado</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Estanislao+Pujades%22">Estanislao Pujades</searchLink> – Name: Publisher Label: Publisher Information Group: PubInfo Data: Copernicus GmbH, 2025. – Name: DatePubCY Label: Publication Year Group: Date Data: 2025 – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%222%2E+Zero+hunger%22">2. Zero hunger</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%2213%2E+Climate+action%22">13. Climate action</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%2211%2E+Sustainability%22">11. Sustainability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%226%2E+Clean+water%22">6. Clean water</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Description Group: Ab Data: Due to the increasing demand of water, urban aquifers are an alternative source of water supply. However, they are at risk of contamination from persistent and mobile organic compounds (PMOCs), especially per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are artificial organic substances widely used across various industrial sectors. PFASs are considered toxic, mobile and persistent, and have therefore gained significant attention in environmental chemistry. Moreover, PFASs precursors transform into more recalcitrant and mobile products under natural conditions. Therefore, it is needed to investigate the fate of PFASs when they reach aquifers to use groundwater safely. However, there is limited information about the processes which affect their behaviour in groundwater, especially at the field-scale. In this context, the aim of this investigation is to assess and identify processes that control the evolution of PFASs in an urban aquifer in Barcelona, where groundwater behaves analogously to a river bank filtration system. A part from PFASs, 4 PMOCs were also analysed. During a summer campaign, 21 groundwater and 6 river samples were collected revealing the presence of 17 PFASs products, 3 novel PFASs and 4 PMOCs non-PFASs. PFASs products were found to be ubiquitous, with the highest concentrations found in PFBS, TFA and TFSA. Non-PFASs and novel PFASs, with the exception of Sulfanilic acid, were found to be present in very low concentrations. It was observed that the redox conditions influence the behaviour of a number of PFASs controlling their attenuation capacity or recalcitrant behaviour. Most substances showed accumulation, possibly explained by sorption/desorption processes or by transformation processes, highlighting the challenges associated with PFASs remediation. In addition, the PFAS TFSA and two of the longest chain PFASs detected presented removals at different intensities. Our results will have tremendous implications for establishing the evolution of PFASs along the groundwater flow and might be extended to similar research areas such as Manage Aquifer Recharge techniques. – Name: TypeDocument Label: Document Type Group: TypDoc Data: Article – Name: DOI Label: DOI Group: ID Data: 10.5194/egusphere-egu24-658 – Name: AN Label: Accession Number Group: ID Data: edsair.doi...........8d8063e1eaabb89a6c492d2f2ba73d46
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RecordInfo	BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.5194/egusphere-egu24-658 Languages: – Text: Undetermined Subjects: – SubjectFull: 2. Zero hunger Type: general – SubjectFull: 13. Climate action Type: general – SubjectFull: 11. Sustainability Type: general – SubjectFull: 6. Clean water Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Occurrence and fate of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in an urban aquifer located at the Besòs River Delta (Spain) Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Carmen Sáez Camacho – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Arianna Bautista – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Olha Nikolenko – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Laura Scheiber – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Marinella Farré – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Anna Jurado – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Estanislao Pujades IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 20 M: 01 Type: published Y: 2025 Identifiers: – Type: issn-locals Value: edsair
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