Academic Journal
Iterative finite element analysis of molar uprighting using superelastic Nickel Titanium spring: introducing an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model.
| Τίτλος: | Iterative finite element analysis of molar uprighting using superelastic Nickel Titanium spring: introducing an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | AlKahlan, Lama A., Mallek, Abdelhafid M., Bendjaballah, Mohamed Z., Bindayel, Naif A. |
| Πηγή: | Progress in Orthodontics (2196-1042); 6/29/2026, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p1-21, 21p |
| Θεματικοί όροι: | Nickel-titanium alloys, Orthodontic appliances, Computer simulation, Strains & stresses (Mechanics), Corrective orthodontics, Finite element method, Biomechanics |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Superelastic Nickel Titanium (NiTi) exhibits nonlinear and path-dependent behavior that complicates accurate simulation of orthodontic appliances. Standard iterative finite element (FE) formulations often fail to maintain realistic stress evolution during simulations, leading to non-physiologic force predictions. This study introduced an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model implemented within the FE framework to incorporate the behavior of superelastic NiTi alloy into an iterative simulation, aiming to investigate the biomechanics of a molar uprighting spring and estimate the clinical treatment duration. Methods: A two-dimensional (2D) model was constructed representing a 30° mesially tilted mandibular second molar uprighted using a prefabricated superelastic NiTi spring. At each iteration, the EIS algorithm redefines the element specific material parameters of the spring according to the stress–strain state inherited from the preceding iteration, thereby preserving the continuity of its behavior and enabling realistic stress evolution and load transfer between the wire, brackets, and teeth. Results: The simulation achieved 23.3° of molar uprighting with 3.0 mm of tangential distal and 2.4 mm of normal extrusive displacements, over an equivalent of 14-week clinical duration. The NiTi spring generated an initial 12.4 N·mm (~ 1265 g·mm) counter-clockwise moment and 0.9 N normal extrusive force. The mean PDL stress remained physiologic, decreasing from 20.3 KPa at wire activation to 13.3 KPa at the end of the simulation. The model successfully tracked the spatial and temporal evolution of the superelastic NiTi's stress-induced martensitic transformation during activation and uprighting. Conclusions: The EIS framework effectively reproduced the nonlinear and history-dependent response of superelastic NiTi, offering clinically representative predictions and establishing a validated computational foundation for optimizing NiTi-based orthodontic appliances and improving treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Βάση Δεδομένων: | Biomedical Index |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 CustomLinks: – Url: https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1186/s40510-026-00636-z Name: EDS - Springer Nature Journals (s7799221) Category: fullText Text: View record at Springer – Url: https://resolver.ebsco.com/c/fiv2js/result?sid=EBSCO:edm&genre=article&issn=21961042&ISBN=&volume=27&issue=1&date=20260629&spage=1&pages=1-21&title=Progress in Orthodontics (2196-1042)&atitle=Iterative%20finite%20element%20analysis%20of%20molar%20uprighting%20using%20superelastic%20Nickel%20Titanium%20spring%3A%20introducing%20an%20Element-Iteration-Specific%20%28EIS%29%20material%20model.&aulast=AlKahlan%2C%20Lama%20A.&id=DOI:10.1186/s40510-026-00636-z Name: Full Text Finder (for New FTF UI) (ns324271) Category: fullText Text: Full Text Finder MouseOverText: Full Text Finder |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Iterative finite element analysis of molar uprighting using superelastic Nickel Titanium spring: introducing an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22AlKahlan%2C+Lama+A%2E%22">AlKahlan, Lama A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mallek%2C+Abdelhafid+M%2E%22">Mallek, Abdelhafid M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bendjaballah%2C+Mohamed+Z%2E%22">Bendjaballah, Mohamed Z.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bindayel%2C+Naif+A%2E%22">Bindayel, Naif A.</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Progress in Orthodontics (2196-1042); 6/29/2026, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p1-21, 21p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nickel-titanium+alloys%22">Nickel-titanium alloys</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Orthodontic+appliances%22">Orthodontic appliances</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computer+simulation%22">Computer simulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strains+%26+stresses+%28Mechanics%29%22">Strains & stresses (Mechanics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corrective+orthodontics%22">Corrective orthodontics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Finite+element+method%22">Finite element method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomechanics%22">Biomechanics</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Superelastic Nickel Titanium (NiTi) exhibits nonlinear and path-dependent behavior that complicates accurate simulation of orthodontic appliances. Standard iterative finite element (FE) formulations often fail to maintain realistic stress evolution during simulations, leading to non-physiologic force predictions. This study introduced an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model implemented within the FE framework to incorporate the behavior of superelastic NiTi alloy into an iterative simulation, aiming to investigate the biomechanics of a molar uprighting spring and estimate the clinical treatment duration. Methods: A two-dimensional (2D) model was constructed representing a 30° mesially tilted mandibular second molar uprighted using a prefabricated superelastic NiTi spring. At each iteration, the EIS algorithm redefines the element specific material parameters of the spring according to the stress–strain state inherited from the preceding iteration, thereby preserving the continuity of its behavior and enabling realistic stress evolution and load transfer between the wire, brackets, and teeth. Results: The simulation achieved 23.3° of molar uprighting with 3.0 mm of tangential distal and 2.4 mm of normal extrusive displacements, over an equivalent of 14-week clinical duration. The NiTi spring generated an initial 12.4 N·mm (~ 1265 g·mm) counter-clockwise moment and 0.9 N normal extrusive force. The mean PDL stress remained physiologic, decreasing from 20.3 KPa at wire activation to 13.3 KPa at the end of the simulation. The model successfully tracked the spatial and temporal evolution of the superelastic NiTi's stress-induced martensitic transformation during activation and uprighting. Conclusions: The EIS framework effectively reproduced the nonlinear and history-dependent response of superelastic NiTi, offering clinically representative predictions and establishing a validated computational foundation for optimizing NiTi-based orthodontic appliances and improving treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Orthodontics (2196-1042) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1186/s40510-026-00636-z Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 21 StartPage: 1 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Nickel-titanium alloys Type: general – SubjectFull: Orthodontic appliances Type: general – SubjectFull: Computer simulation Type: general – SubjectFull: Strains & stresses (Mechanics) Type: general – SubjectFull: Corrective orthodontics Type: general – SubjectFull: Finite element method Type: general – SubjectFull: Biomechanics Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Iterative finite element analysis of molar uprighting using superelastic Nickel Titanium spring: introducing an Element-Iteration-Specific (EIS) material model. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: AlKahlan, Lama A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mallek, Abdelhafid M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bendjaballah, Mohamed Z. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bindayel, Naif A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 29 M: 06 Text: 6/29/2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 21961042 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 27 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Progress in Orthodontics (2196-1042) Type: main |
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