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Instruction encoding of x86 arithmetic operations and its relevance to cryptographic engineering and information security.

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Τίτλος: Instruction encoding of x86 arithmetic operations and its relevance to cryptographic engineering and information security.
Συγγραφείς: Cao, ChunHua, Liu, Chenglian, Chen, Sonia Chien-I
Πηγή: Journal of King Saud University - Computer & Information Sciences; Aug2026, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p1-12, 12p
Θεματικοί όροι: Cryptography, Information technology security, Arithmetic, Compilers (Computer programs)
Περίληψη: Instruction encoding in the x86 architecture provides multiple equivalent representations for semantically identical operations. For example, the instructions "ADC AX,BX", "ADD AX,BX", "XOR AX,BX", "SUB AX,BX", and "CMP AX,BX" can each be encoded in two different but valid forms (e.g., "ADC AX,BX" as 11D8 or 13C3). This apparent redundancy in opcode encoding raises questions about its cryptographic relevance, including implications for obfuscation, side-channel resistance, and secure compilation. This paper analyzes the dual encodings of arithmetic instructions in the x86 instruction set, explores their applications in cryptographic implementations, and discusses their potential risks and advantages in the field of information security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of King Saud University - Computer & Information Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Instruction encoding of x86 arithmetic operations and its relevance to cryptographic engineering and information security.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cao%2C+ChunHua%22">Cao, ChunHua</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Chenglian%22">Liu, Chenglian</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chen%2C+Sonia+Chien-I%22">Chen, Sonia Chien-I</searchLink>
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  Data: Journal of King Saud University - Computer & Information Sciences; Aug2026, Vol. 38 Issue 6, p1-12, 12p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cryptography%22">Cryptography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Information+technology+security%22">Information technology security</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Arithmetic%22">Arithmetic</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Compilers+%28Computer+programs%29%22">Compilers (Computer programs)</searchLink>
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  Data: Instruction encoding in the x86 architecture provides multiple equivalent representations for semantically identical operations. For example, the instructions "ADC AX,BX", "ADD AX,BX", "XOR AX,BX", "SUB AX,BX", and "CMP AX,BX" can each be encoded in two different but valid forms (e.g., "ADC AX,BX" as 11D8 or 13C3). This apparent redundancy in opcode encoding raises questions about its cryptographic relevance, including implications for obfuscation, side-channel resistance, and secure compilation. This paper analyzes the dual encodings of arithmetic instructions in the x86 instruction set, explores their applications in cryptographic implementations, and discusses their potential risks and advantages in the field of information security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of King Saud University - Computer & Information Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Aug2026
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