Academic Journal
A Modular Digital Health Architecture for Longitudinal Menstrual Cycle Monitoring: System Design and Formative Usability Evaluation.
| Τίτλος: | A Modular Digital Health Architecture for Longitudinal Menstrual Cycle Monitoring: System Design and Formative Usability Evaluation. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Cedro, Tomasz Bolesław, Południewski, Grzegorz, Glinkowski, Wojciech Michał |
| Πηγή: | Applied Sciences (2076-3417); Jul2026, Vol. 16 Issue 13, p6469, 16p |
| Θεματικοί όροι: | Digital health, Modular design, Temporal databases, Mobile health, Data protection, User-centered system design, Electronic data processing |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring requires digital health systems capable of handling individual variability, irregular sampling, and incomplete real-world observations. Most consumer-focused menstrual-tracking applications depend on simplified calendar-based logic, offering limited support for transparent longitudinal data handling, interoperability, and the management of irregular real-world observations. Objective: This study presents the design, implementation, and formative evaluation of a non-clinical digital health infrastructure for longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring, with an emphasis on modular system architecture, longitudinal data processing, and user-perceived usability. Methods: A modular digital health system was developed in accordance with separation-of-concerns and privacy-by-design principles, combining a backend analytical infrastructure with a mobile application interface. The architecture was designed to support longitudinal data acquisition, variability-aware processing, and extensibility while remaining independent of proprietary analytical services. System evaluation included technical and functional verification, formative usability assessment, and quality evaluation using the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS). Results: In the uMARS evaluation (N = 63), the mean total score across core domains was 3.11 ± 0.76. Information quality (3.44 ± 0.85) and functionality (3.27 ± 0.88) received the highest ratings, whereas engagement (2.83 ± 0.84) received the lowest, consistent with the system's prototype character. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = 0.91), and sensitivity analysis restricted to female participants yielded results comparable to those of the full sample. Conclusions: The proposed system demonstrates the technical and functional feasibility of a modular digital health architecture for longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring under heterogeneous real-world data conditions. The findings support the use of variability-aware and extensible monitoring infrastructures as a foundation for future applied research and iterative development of women's digital health systems without making diagnostic or predictive clinical claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Βάση Δεδομένων: | Complementary Index |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A Modular Digital Health Architecture for Longitudinal Menstrual Cycle Monitoring: System Design and Formative Usability Evaluation. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cedro%2C+Tomasz+Bolesław%22">Cedro, Tomasz Bolesław</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Południewski%2C+Grzegorz%22">Południewski, Grzegorz</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Glinkowski%2C+Wojciech+Michał%22">Glinkowski, Wojciech Michał</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Applied Sciences (2076-3417); Jul2026, Vol. 16 Issue 13, p6469, 16p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Digital+health%22">Digital health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Modular+design%22">Modular design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Temporal+databases%22">Temporal databases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mobile+health%22">Mobile health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+protection%22">Data protection</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22User-centered+system+design%22">User-centered system design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Electronic+data+processing%22">Electronic data processing</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Background: Longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring requires digital health systems capable of handling individual variability, irregular sampling, and incomplete real-world observations. Most consumer-focused menstrual-tracking applications depend on simplified calendar-based logic, offering limited support for transparent longitudinal data handling, interoperability, and the management of irregular real-world observations. Objective: This study presents the design, implementation, and formative evaluation of a non-clinical digital health infrastructure for longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring, with an emphasis on modular system architecture, longitudinal data processing, and user-perceived usability. Methods: A modular digital health system was developed in accordance with separation-of-concerns and privacy-by-design principles, combining a backend analytical infrastructure with a mobile application interface. The architecture was designed to support longitudinal data acquisition, variability-aware processing, and extensibility while remaining independent of proprietary analytical services. System evaluation included technical and functional verification, formative usability assessment, and quality evaluation using the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (uMARS). Results: In the uMARS evaluation (N = 63), the mean total score across core domains was 3.11 ± 0.76. Information quality (3.44 ± 0.85) and functionality (3.27 ± 0.88) received the highest ratings, whereas engagement (2.83 ± 0.84) received the lowest, consistent with the system's prototype character. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = 0.91), and sensitivity analysis restricted to female participants yielded results comparable to those of the full sample. Conclusions: The proposed system demonstrates the technical and functional feasibility of a modular digital health architecture for longitudinal menstrual cycle monitoring under heterogeneous real-world data conditions. The findings support the use of variability-aware and extensible monitoring infrastructures as a foundation for future applied research and iterative development of women's digital health systems without making diagnostic or predictive clinical claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Sciences (2076-3417) is the property of MDPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.3390/app16136469 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 16 StartPage: 6469 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Digital health Type: general – SubjectFull: Modular design Type: general – SubjectFull: Temporal databases Type: general – SubjectFull: Mobile health Type: general – SubjectFull: Data protection Type: general – SubjectFull: User-centered system design Type: general – SubjectFull: Electronic data processing Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A Modular Digital Health Architecture for Longitudinal Menstrual Cycle Monitoring: System Design and Formative Usability Evaluation. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cedro, Tomasz Bolesław – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Południewski, Grzegorz – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Glinkowski, Wojciech Michał IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 07 Text: Jul2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 20763417 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 16 – Type: issue Value: 13 Titles: – TitleFull: Applied Sciences (2076-3417) Type: main |
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