Academic Journal
Trueness of the apical and middle root portion segments of 3D‐printed removable die and alveolar cast designs manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printing.
| Title: | Trueness of the apical and middle root portion segments of 3D‐printed removable die and alveolar cast designs manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printing. |
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| Authors: | Azpiazu‐Flores, Francisco X., Johnston, William M., Morton, Dean, Lin, Wei‐Shao, Yilmaz, Burak |
| Source: | Journal of Prosthodontics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.); Jun2026, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p768-775, 8p |
| Subject Terms: | Stereolithography, Design, CAD/CAM systems, Tooth socket, Three-dimensional printing, Metrology, Statistical accuracy |
| Abstract: | Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of the root portion design, segment (middle vs. apical), and part (die vs. cast) on the trueness of three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed removable die‐cast complex. Material and Methods: The trueness of apical and middle segments of the root portion of 45 3D‐printed removable dies and casts with three different root portion designs (n = 15) was assessed using a metrology‐grade computer program. The three removable dies and cast designs (root form [RF], conical [CON], and cylindric [CYL]) were created using professional computer‐aided manufacturing computer programs (DentalCAD 3.1 Rijeka, and InLab CAD 22.0), and manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printer (Form3; FormLabs, Somerville, MA). Subsequently, the 3D‐printed removable dies and casts were scanned by a single operator with an intraoral scanner (PrimeScan; Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC), and their respective standard tessellation language files were aligned and compared to master reference files in a metrology‐grade computer program (Geomagic Control X; 3D systems, Rock Hill, NC). The root mean square (RMS) values of the middle and apical segments for each removable die and cast were calculated and analyzed using a mixed model including a repeated measure 3‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post‐hoc stepdown Bonferroni‐corrected pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: A statistically significant 3‐way interaction between factors was detected, suggesting that the part (removable die or alveolar cast) and their design affected the RMS values of their apical and middle root portion segment. (p = 0.045). The post‐hoc analysis identified significant differences between RMS values of the apical segments of the CON and CYL removable dies (p = 0.005). Significant differences were observed between the middle and apical segments of the CON (p < 0.001) and RF removable die designs (p = 0.004). No statistically significant differences were noticed between the RMS of the different alveolar cast designs (p > 0.05). Significant differences were detected between the apical and middle segments of the same alveolar cast design (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For the manufacturing trinomial and 3D printing strategy used in the present study, the interaction of the part, design, and segment affected the trueness of removable dies and alveolar casts. The trueness was higher on the middle segment on removable dies and alveolar casts in all designs used, except for CYL removable dies, where the trueness difference between segments was small. Higher trueness values may be achieved with designs with simple apical segment geometries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Journal of Prosthodontics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Complementary Index |
| FullText | Links: – Type: other Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: edb DbLabel: Complementary Index An: 194418998 RelevancyScore: 1082 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 1082.4189453125 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Trueness of the apical and middle root portion segments of 3D‐printed removable die and alveolar cast designs manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printing. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Azpiazu‐Flores%2C+Francisco+X%2E%22">Azpiazu‐Flores, Francisco X.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Johnston%2C+William+M%2E%22">Johnston, William M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Morton%2C+Dean%22">Morton, Dean</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lin%2C+Wei‐Shao%22">Lin, Wei‐Shao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yilmaz%2C+Burak%22">Yilmaz, Burak</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Journal of Prosthodontics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.); Jun2026, Vol. 35 Issue 5, p768-775, 8p – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stereolithography%22">Stereolithography</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Design%22">Design</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CAD%2FCAM+systems%22">CAD/CAM systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Tooth+socket%22">Tooth socket</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Three-dimensional+printing%22">Three-dimensional printing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metrology%22">Metrology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+accuracy%22">Statistical accuracy</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Purpose: The present study evaluated the effects of the root portion design, segment (middle vs. apical), and part (die vs. cast) on the trueness of three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed removable die‐cast complex. Material and Methods: The trueness of apical and middle segments of the root portion of 45 3D‐printed removable dies and casts with three different root portion designs (n = 15) was assessed using a metrology‐grade computer program. The three removable dies and cast designs (root form [RF], conical [CON], and cylindric [CYL]) were created using professional computer‐aided manufacturing computer programs (DentalCAD 3.1 Rijeka, and InLab CAD 22.0), and manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printer (Form3; FormLabs, Somerville, MA). Subsequently, the 3D‐printed removable dies and casts were scanned by a single operator with an intraoral scanner (PrimeScan; Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC), and their respective standard tessellation language files were aligned and compared to master reference files in a metrology‐grade computer program (Geomagic Control X; 3D systems, Rock Hill, NC). The root mean square (RMS) values of the middle and apical segments for each removable die and cast were calculated and analyzed using a mixed model including a repeated measure 3‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post‐hoc stepdown Bonferroni‐corrected pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: A statistically significant 3‐way interaction between factors was detected, suggesting that the part (removable die or alveolar cast) and their design affected the RMS values of their apical and middle root portion segment. (p = 0.045). The post‐hoc analysis identified significant differences between RMS values of the apical segments of the CON and CYL removable dies (p = 0.005). Significant differences were observed between the middle and apical segments of the CON (p < 0.001) and RF removable die designs (p = 0.004). No statistically significant differences were noticed between the RMS of the different alveolar cast designs (p > 0.05). Significant differences were detected between the apical and middle segments of the same alveolar cast design (p < 0.05). Conclusions: For the manufacturing trinomial and 3D printing strategy used in the present study, the interaction of the part, design, and segment affected the trueness of removable dies and alveolar casts. The trueness was higher on the middle segment on removable dies and alveolar casts in all designs used, except for CYL removable dies, where the trueness difference between segments was small. Higher trueness values may be achieved with designs with simple apical segment geometries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Prosthodontics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1111/jopr.13911 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 8 StartPage: 768 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Stereolithography Type: general – SubjectFull: Design Type: general – SubjectFull: CAD/CAM systems Type: general – SubjectFull: Tooth socket Type: general – SubjectFull: Three-dimensional printing Type: general – SubjectFull: Metrology Type: general – SubjectFull: Statistical accuracy Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Trueness of the apical and middle root portion segments of 3D‐printed removable die and alveolar cast designs manufactured using stereolithographic 3D printing. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Azpiazu‐Flores, Francisco X. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Johnston, William M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Morton, Dean – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lin, Wei‐Shao – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Yilmaz, Burak IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 06 Text: Jun2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 1532849X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 35 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Journal of Prosthodontics (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) Type: main |
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