Urease-null soybean (eu3-a) under salt and copper stress: nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant defense, and arginine pathway genes.

Bibliographic Details
Title:	Urease-null soybean (eu3-a) under salt and copper stress: nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant defense, and arginine pathway genes.
Authors:	de Souza, Sarah Caroline R., Silveira, Neidiquele M., Tofanello, Vanessa R., Polacco, Joe Carmine, Mazzafera, Paulo
Source:	Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology; May2026, Vol. 263 Issue 5, p1-19, 19p
Abstract:	Main conclusion: The eu3-a mutant exhibited greater tolerance to salt stress but increased sensitivity to copper stress, with distinct impacts on nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and antioxidant responses. The eu3-a soybean mutant is urease-null, lacking all urease activity responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. In this study, the urease-null eu3-a soybean mutant was used to assess the saline and copper stresses on nitrogen metabolism. Seeds of eu3-a/eu3-a and the corresponding dominant homozygous Eu3 precursor line were collectively referred to as near-isogenic lines (NILs). Experiments were conducted under hydroponic conditions using plants at the reproductive stage (R1–R2) and subjected to either salinity stress (NaCl: 0, 50, and 100 mM) or copper stress (CuCl2: 0, 10, and 50 µM) over a 5-day treatment period. The following parameters were assessed in leaf tissue: photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activity, levels of nitrogenous compounds, and the expression of genes encoding key enzymes in the arginine-derived metabolic network. Overall, salinity imposed more severe physiological disruptions than copper in both lines, as evidenced by an approximately 88% reduction in photosynthetic performance under 100 mM of salt. Both stresses impaired nitrogen metabolism, increasing ammonia levels and reducing nitrate concentration. Interestingly, eu3-a plants demonstrated enhanced tolerance to salt stress relative to Eu3 plants, but this trend was not observed under copper stress. Future work should address nitrogen-related enzymatic activities associated with urease metabolism and elucidate the non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms contributing to stress tolerance in eu3-a soybean plants under salt and copper stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Copyright of Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database:	Complementary Index

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Items	– Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Urease-null soybean (eu3-a) under salt and copper stress: nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant defense, and arginine pathway genes. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Souza%2C+Sarah+Caroline+R%2E%22">de Souza, Sarah Caroline R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Silveira%2C+Neidiquele+M%2E%22">Silveira, Neidiquele M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tofanello%2C+Vanessa+R%2E%22">Tofanello, Vanessa R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Polacco%2C+Joe+Carmine%22">Polacco, Joe Carmine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mazzafera%2C+Paulo%22">Mazzafera, Paulo</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology; May2026, Vol. 263 Issue 5, p1-19, 19p – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Main conclusion: The <bold>eu3-a</bold> mutant exhibited greater tolerance to salt stress but increased sensitivity to copper stress, with distinct impacts on nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and antioxidant responses. The eu3-a soybean mutant is urease-null, lacking all urease activity responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. In this study, the urease-null eu3-a soybean mutant was used to assess the saline and copper stresses on nitrogen metabolism. Seeds of eu3-a/eu3-a and the corresponding dominant homozygous Eu3 precursor line were collectively referred to as near-isogenic lines (NILs). Experiments were conducted under hydroponic conditions using plants at the reproductive stage (R1–R2) and subjected to either salinity stress (NaCl: 0, 50, and 100 mM) or copper stress (CuCl<subscript>2</subscript>: 0, 10, and 50 µM) over a 5-day treatment period. The following parameters were assessed in leaf tissue: photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme activity, levels of nitrogenous compounds, and the expression of genes encoding key enzymes in the arginine-derived metabolic network. Overall, salinity imposed more severe physiological disruptions than copper in both lines, as evidenced by an approximately 88% reduction in photosynthetic performance under 100 mM of salt. Both stresses impaired nitrogen metabolism, increasing ammonia levels and reducing nitrate concentration. Interestingly, eu3-a plants demonstrated enhanced tolerance to salt stress relative to Eu3 plants, but this trend was not observed under copper stress. Future work should address nitrogen-related enzymatic activities associated with urease metabolism and elucidate the non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms contributing to stress tolerance in eu3-a soybean plants under salt and copper stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: Abstract Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo	BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s00425-026-05001-2 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 19 StartPage: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Urease-null soybean (eu3-a) under salt and copper stress: nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant defense, and arginine pathway genes. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: de Souza, Sarah Caroline R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Silveira, Neidiquele M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tofanello, Vanessa R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Polacco, Joe Carmine – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Mazzafera, Paulo IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: May2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00320935 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 263 – Type: issue Value: 5 Titles: – TitleFull: Planta: An International Journal of Plant Biology Type: main
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