Academic Journal

Automatic Speech Recognition: A survey of deep learning techniques and approaches.

Bibliographic Details
Title: Automatic Speech Recognition: A survey of deep learning techniques and approaches.
Authors: Ahlawat, Harsh, Aggarwal, Naveen, Gupta, Deepti
Source: International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering; 2025, Vol. 6, p201-237, 37p
Subject Terms: Automatic speech recognition, Deep learning, Language models, Knowledge transfer, Speech processing systems, Machine learning, Corpora
Abstract: Significant research has been conducted during the last decade on the application of machine learning for speech processing, particularly speech recognition. However, in recent years, deep learning models have shown promising results for different speech related applications. With the emergence of end-to-end models, deep learning has revolutionized the field of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). A recent surge in transfer learning-based models and attention-based approaches on large datasets has further given an impetus to ASR. This paper provides a thorough review of the numerous studies conducted since 2010, as well as an extensive comparison of the state-of-the-art methods that are now being used in this research area, with a special focus on the numerous deep learning models, along with an analysis of contemporary approaches for both monolingual and multilingual models. Deep learning approaches are data dependent and their accuracy varies on different datasets. In this paper, we have also analyzed the various models on publicly accessible speech datasets to understand model performance across diverse datasets for practical deployment. This study also highlights the research findings and challenges with way forward that may be used as a beginning point for academicians interested in open-source Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) research, particularly focusing on mitigating data dependency and generalizability across low resource languages, speaker variability, and noise conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering is the property of KeAi Communications Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Complementary Index
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  – Url: https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcce.2024.12.007?
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  Data: Automatic Speech Recognition: A survey of deep learning techniques and approaches.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ahlawat%2C+Harsh%22">Ahlawat, Harsh</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Aggarwal%2C+Naveen%22">Aggarwal, Naveen</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gupta%2C+Deepti%22">Gupta, Deepti</searchLink>
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  Data: International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering; 2025, Vol. 6, p201-237, 37p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Automatic+speech+recognition%22">Automatic speech recognition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Deep+learning%22">Deep learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+models%22">Language models</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Knowledge+transfer%22">Knowledge transfer</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Speech+processing+systems%22">Speech processing systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Machine+learning%22">Machine learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Corpora%22">Corpora</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Significant research has been conducted during the last decade on the application of machine learning for speech processing, particularly speech recognition. However, in recent years, deep learning models have shown promising results for different speech related applications. With the emergence of end-to-end models, deep learning has revolutionized the field of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). A recent surge in transfer learning-based models and attention-based approaches on large datasets has further given an impetus to ASR. This paper provides a thorough review of the numerous studies conducted since 2010, as well as an extensive comparison of the state-of-the-art methods that are now being used in this research area, with a special focus on the numerous deep learning models, along with an analysis of contemporary approaches for both monolingual and multilingual models. Deep learning approaches are data dependent and their accuracy varies on different datasets. In this paper, we have also analyzed the various models on publicly accessible speech datasets to understand model performance across diverse datasets for practical deployment. This study also highlights the research findings and challenges with way forward that may be used as a beginning point for academicians interested in open-source Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) research, particularly focusing on mitigating data dependency and generalizability across low resource languages, speaker variability, and noise conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Cognitive Computing in Engineering is the property of KeAi Communications Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1016/j.ijcce.2024.12.007
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Automatic speech recognition
        Type: general
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language models
        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Speech processing systems
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      – SubjectFull: Machine learning
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      – SubjectFull: Corpora
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              Text: 2025
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