Academic Journal
View in EDS

Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Glyburide and Metformin: A Novel Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Therapy.

Bibliographic Details
Title: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Glyburide and Metformin: A Novel Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Therapy.
Authors: Khatkar, Deepak, Setia, Anupama, Chugh, Mohit, Sabharwal, Chetan, Jindal, Diksha
Source: Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation; Aug2026, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p1-9, 9p
Subject Terms: Metformin, Type 2 diabetes, Glibenclamide, Microspheres, Controlled release drugs, Pharmaceutical encapsulation, Drug delivery systems, Excipients
Abstract: Aim: The present study aimed to design, develop, and optimise a gastroretentive, floating microsphere-based drug delivery system for metformin hydrochloride and glyburide to demonstrate the feasibility of prolonged gastric retention and controlled drug release, thereby improving the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: Floating microspheres were prepared using the emulsion–solvent evaporation technique employing ethyl cellulose and Eudragit polymers. A Box–Behnken design was applied to optimise formulation variables, including drug ratio, polymer concentration, and stirring speed, with respect to particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for particle size, surface morphology, drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro buoyancy, and drug release. Characterisation studies using FTIR, DSC, SEM, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry assessed drug compatibility, thermal behaviour, and morphology, with a focus on their influence on drug delivery performance. Results: The optimised formulation (F-17) produced uniform spherical microspheres with an average particle size of 135.4 μm, a high entrapment efficiency (89.1%), and a satisfactory drug loading (21.0%). FTIR and DSC studies confirmed the compatibility and stability of both drugs within the polymeric matrix, reassuring the system's reliability for improved therapy. Conclusion: The developed gastroretentive floating microspheres of metformin hydrochloride and glyburide successfully achieved prolonged gastric retention and sustained drug release, offering a promising approach to improve bioavailability, reduce dosing frequency, and enhance patient compliance in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Complementary Index
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
Header DbId: edb
DbLabel: Complementary Index
An: 192409271
RelevancyScore: 1082
AccessLevel: 6
PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
PreciseRelevancyScore: 1082.42456054688
IllustrationInfo
Items – Name: Title
  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Glyburide and Metformin: A Novel Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Therapy.
– Name: Author
  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Khatkar%2C+Deepak%22">Khatkar, Deepak</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Setia%2C+Anupama%22">Setia, Anupama</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chugh%2C+Mohit%22">Chugh, Mohit</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sabharwal%2C+Chetan%22">Sabharwal, Chetan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jindal%2C+Diksha%22">Jindal, Diksha</searchLink>
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation; Aug2026, Vol. 21 Issue 4, p1-9, 9p
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subject Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metformin%22">Metformin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Type+2+diabetes%22">Type 2 diabetes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Glibenclamide%22">Glibenclamide</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microspheres%22">Microspheres</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Controlled+release+drugs%22">Controlled release drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmaceutical+encapsulation%22">Pharmaceutical encapsulation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+delivery+systems%22">Drug delivery systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Excipients%22">Excipients</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Aim: The present study aimed to design, develop, and optimise a gastroretentive, floating microsphere-based drug delivery system for metformin hydrochloride and glyburide to demonstrate the feasibility of prolonged gastric retention and controlled drug release, thereby improving the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: Floating microspheres were prepared using the emulsion–solvent evaporation technique employing ethyl cellulose and Eudragit polymers. A Box–Behnken design was applied to optimise formulation variables, including drug ratio, polymer concentration, and stirring speed, with respect to particle size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for particle size, surface morphology, drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro buoyancy, and drug release. Characterisation studies using FTIR, DSC, SEM, and UV–Vis spectrophotometry assessed drug compatibility, thermal behaviour, and morphology, with a focus on their influence on drug delivery performance. Results: The optimised formulation (F-17) produced uniform spherical microspheres with an average particle size of 135.4 μm, a high entrapment efficiency (89.1%), and a satisfactory drug loading (21.0%). FTIR and DSC studies confirmed the compatibility and stability of both drugs within the polymeric matrix, reassuring the system's reliability for improved therapy. Conclusion: The developed gastroretentive floating microspheres of metformin hydrochloride and glyburide successfully achieved prolonged gastric retention and sustained drug release, offering a promising approach to improve bioavailability, reduce dosing frequency, and enhance patient compliance in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edb&AN=192409271
RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s12247-026-10445-w
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 9
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Metformin
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Type 2 diabetes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Glibenclamide
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Microspheres
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Controlled release drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pharmaceutical encapsulation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drug delivery systems
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Excipients
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Floating Microspheres of Glyburide and Metformin: A Novel Approach for Type 2 Diabetes Therapy.
        Type: main
  BibRelationships:
    HasContributorRelationships:
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Khatkar, Deepak
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Setia, Anupama
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chugh, Mohit
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sabharwal, Chetan
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jindal, Diksha
    IsPartOfRelationships:
      – BibEntity:
          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 08
              Text: Aug2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-print
              Value: 18725120
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 21
            – Type: issue
              Value: 4
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation
              Type: main
ResultId 1