Academic Journal
Distinct systemic immune responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue virus infection.
| Τίτλος: | Distinct systemic immune responses in asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue virus infection. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Sungnak, Waradon, Jiravejchakul, Natnicha, Poonpanichakul, Tiraput, Trakoolsoontorn, Chawinya, Srikor, Sirawit, Opasawatchai, Anunya, Arora, Jantarika, Jevapatarakul, Damita, Thungsatianpun, Narita, Nguantad, Sarintip, Chantaraamporn, Juthamard, Pakchotanon, Pattarakul, Punyadee, Nuntaya, Duangchinda, Thaneeya, Avirutnan, Panisadee, Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip, Meyer, Kerstin B., Matangkasombut, Oranart, Charoensawan, Varodom, Teichmann, Sarah A. |
| Πηγή: | Science Translational Medicine; 12/17/2025, Vol. 17 Issue 829, p1-18, 18p |
| Θεματικοί όροι: | Immune response, Dengue viruses, Virus diseases, Infection, Major histocompatibility complex, Plasma cells, T-cell exhaustion, Killer cells |
| Περίληψη: | A comprehensive understanding of human systemic immune responses to mosquito-borne dengue virus (DENV) infection is vital for addressing challenges posed by viral heterologous serotypes and potential adverse memory immune responses. Asymptomatic DENV infection offers an opportunity to explore protective immunity because infected individuals effectively clear the virus without symptomatic manifestations. However, data on asymptomatic dengue are scarce because of limited sample availability during silent viremia. Here, we conducted single-cell RNA and immune receptor sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from donors with varying disease severities including asymptomatic dengue and performed longitudinal analysis in a symptomatic dengue cohort, enabling identification of distinct immune responses. In asymptomatic dengue, we observed potential indications of enhanced viral antigen processing via MHC-I, correlating with increased CD8 effector T cell activities, distinct NK cell profiles, and enriched IGHA1+ plasmablasts. In contrast, symptomatic dengue cases exhibited indications toward antibody-mediated viral entry, elevated type I interferon responses, and IL-10–associated expansion of IGHG1+ plasmablasts with biased V(D)J gene usage and a shared B cell receptor clonotype network. Our study reports a gene expression and immune receptor repertoire resource for systemic immune responses to DENV infection and suggests distinct mechanisms for potential protection and pathogenicity in individuals with asymptomatic compared with symptomatic dengue. Editor's summary: Understanding how human patients without symptoms control dengue virus infection is still poorly understood. Now, Sungnak et al. report profiling of peripheral blood immune cells from individuals with asymptomatic dengue virus infection at single-cell resolution. Transcriptional analyses of these cells revealed enhanced viral antigen processing for MHC class I presentation and increased effector CD8 T cell signatures, along with distinct NK cell phenotypes. Symptomatic dengue cases, in contrast, showed transcriptional patterns potentially consistent with antibody-mediated viral entry pathways and IL-10–associated plasmablast expansion. These findings suggest distinct immune states for individuals with asymptomatic compared with symptomatic dengue. —Orla Smith [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Βάση Δεδομένων: | Complementary Index |
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