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Gastrointestinal germinal center B cell depletion and reduction in IgA+ plasma cells in HIV-1 infection.

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Τίτλος: Gastrointestinal germinal center B cell depletion and reduction in IgA+ plasma cells in HIV-1 infection.
Συγγραφείς: Cossarini, Francesca, Shang, Joan, Krek, Azra, Al-Taie, Zainab, Hou, Ruixue, Canales-Herrerias, Pablo, Tokuyama, Minami, Tankelevich, Michael, Tillowitz, Adam, Jha, Divya, Livanos, Alexandra E., Leyre, Louise, Uzzan, Mathieu, Martinez-Delgado, Gustavo, Taylor, Matthew D., Sharma, Keshav, Bourgonje, Arno R., Cruz, Michael, Ioannou, Giorgio, Dawson, Travis
Πηγή: Science Immunology; 2024, Vol. 9 Issue 100, p1-19, 19p
Θεματικοί όροι: Follicular dendritic cells, Type I interferons, Plasma cells, B cells, Gastrointestinal system
Περίληψη: Gastrointestinal (GI) B cells and plasma cells (PCs) are critical to mucosal homeostasis and the host response to HIV-1 infection. Here, high-resolution mapping of human B cells and PCs sampled from the colon and ileum during both viremic and suppressed HIV-1 infection identified a reduction in germinal center (GC) B cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) during HIV-1 viremia. Immunoglobulin A–positive (IgA+) PCs are the major cellular output of intestinal GCs and were significantly reduced during viremic HIV-1 infection. PC-associated transcriptional perturbations, including type I interferon signaling, persisted in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–treated individuals, suggesting ongoing disruption of the intestinal immune milieu during ART. GI humoral immune perturbations were associated with changes in the intestinal microbiome composition and systemic inflammation. These findings highlight a key immune defect in the GI mucosa due to HIV-1 viremia. Editor's summary: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a key site of HIV-1 replication because of the presence of CCR5+CD4+ T cells, but less is known about GI-associated B cell responses. Cossarini et al. undertook a detailed analysis of B cells and plasma cells (PCs) in the GI tracts of viremic and antiretroviral (ART)–suppressed people living with HIV. HIV viremia was associated with the depletion of germinal center B cells, IgA+ PCs, and follicular dendritic cells, as well as microbial dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. Despite suppression of viral replication, ART was linked to persistent transcriptional changes in PCs, including altered type I interferon responses. This study highlights the intestinal B cell responses during HIV-1 viremia, thus broadening our understanding of the major changes occurring in the GI system during infection. —Christiana N. Fogg [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Science Immunology is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Gastrointestinal germinal center B cell depletion and reduction in IgA<superscript>+</superscript> plasma cells in HIV-1 infection.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cossarini%2C+Francesca%22">Cossarini, Francesca</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Shang%2C+Joan%22">Shang, Joan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krek%2C+Azra%22">Krek, Azra</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Al-Taie%2C+Zainab%22">Al-Taie, Zainab</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hou%2C+Ruixue%22">Hou, Ruixue</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Canales-Herrerias%2C+Pablo%22">Canales-Herrerias, Pablo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tokuyama%2C+Minami%22">Tokuyama, Minami</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tankelevich%2C+Michael%22">Tankelevich, Michael</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tillowitz%2C+Adam%22">Tillowitz, Adam</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jha%2C+Divya%22">Jha, Divya</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Livanos%2C+Alexandra+E%2E%22">Livanos, Alexandra E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leyre%2C+Louise%22">Leyre, Louise</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uzzan%2C+Mathieu%22">Uzzan, Mathieu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martinez-Delgado%2C+Gustavo%22">Martinez-Delgado, Gustavo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Taylor%2C+Matthew+D%2E%22">Taylor, Matthew D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharma%2C+Keshav%22">Sharma, Keshav</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bourgonje%2C+Arno+R%2E%22">Bourgonje, Arno R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cruz%2C+Michael%22">Cruz, Michael</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ioannou%2C+Giorgio%22">Ioannou, Giorgio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dawson%2C+Travis%22">Dawson, Travis</searchLink>
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  Data: Science Immunology; 2024, Vol. 9 Issue 100, p1-19, 19p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Follicular+dendritic+cells%22">Follicular dendritic cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Type+I+interferons%22">Type I interferons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plasma+cells%22">Plasma cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22B+cells%22">B cells</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gastrointestinal+system%22">Gastrointestinal system</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Gastrointestinal (GI) B cells and plasma cells (PCs) are critical to mucosal homeostasis and the host response to HIV-1 infection. Here, high-resolution mapping of human B cells and PCs sampled from the colon and ileum during both viremic and suppressed HIV-1 infection identified a reduction in germinal center (GC) B cells and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) during HIV-1 viremia. Immunoglobulin A–positive (IgA<superscript>+</superscript>) PCs are the major cellular output of intestinal GCs and were significantly reduced during viremic HIV-1 infection. PC-associated transcriptional perturbations, including type I interferon signaling, persisted in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–treated individuals, suggesting ongoing disruption of the intestinal immune milieu during ART. GI humoral immune perturbations were associated with changes in the intestinal microbiome composition and systemic inflammation. These findings highlight a key immune defect in the GI mucosa due to HIV-1 viremia. Editor's summary: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a key site of HIV-1 replication because of the presence of CCR5<superscript>+</superscript>CD4<superscript>+</superscript> T cells, but less is known about GI-associated B cell responses. Cossarini et al. undertook a detailed analysis of B cells and plasma cells (PCs) in the GI tracts of viremic and antiretroviral (ART)–suppressed people living with HIV. HIV viremia was associated with the depletion of germinal center B cells, IgA<superscript>+</superscript> PCs, and follicular dendritic cells, as well as microbial dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. Despite suppression of viral replication, ART was linked to persistent transcriptional changes in PCs, including altered type I interferon responses. This study highlights the intestinal B cell responses during HIV-1 viremia, thus broadening our understanding of the major changes occurring in the GI system during infection. —Christiana N. Fogg [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Science Immunology is the property of American Association for the Advancement of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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