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Comprehensive Assessment of Dermatologic and Dysmorphic Manifestations in Patients With Down Syndrome.

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Τίτλος: Comprehensive Assessment of Dermatologic and Dysmorphic Manifestations in Patients With Down Syndrome.
Συγγραφείς: Kaya, Gökhan, Alavanda, Ceren
Πηγή: Skin Research & Technology; Oct2024, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p1-15, 15p
Θεματικοί όροι: People with Down syndrome, Down syndrome, Age distribution, Age differences, Tooth eruption
Περίληψη: Background: Down syndrome (DS), a common chromosomal anomaly caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is characterized by a broad spectrum of phenotypic characteristics across multiple organ systems, including cardiac defects and leukemia. Dermatological findings are prevalent among individuals with DS; however, these issues are frequently underrecognized and inadequately researched, resulting in a significant gap in the provision of comprehensive healthcare strategies. Given the increased life expectancy of patients with DS and delayed manifestation of many dermatoses, physicians are increasingly encountering dermatological findings in this population. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of dermatological findings in individuals with DS, compare them with those in a control group, and emphasize the necessity of incorporating dermatological evaluations into routine health monitoring. Methods: This prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2024 and involved 100 genetically confirmed individuals with DS and 100 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Comprehensive demographic, clinical, and karyotype data were collected for the DS group, and all the participants underwent detailed morphological evaluations. Results: The DS group had a mean age of approximately 6.37 years, whereas the controls were around 7 years old, with no significant differences in age or sex distribution between the groups. Karyotype analysis showed that trisomy 21 was present in 92% of the cases, mosaicism in 6%, and translocation in 2%. Common dermatological findings in the DS group included xerosis cutis (49%), thin and sparse hair (48%), dental caries (34%), delayed tooth eruption (28%), nail dystrophy (25%), fissured tongue (23%), and cheilitis (18%). Significant differences were noted in the prevalence of scabies, bacterial infections, and café au lait macules between the DS and control groups (p < 0.01). Dysmorphic findings in the DS group included epicanthal folds (97%), upslanted palpebral fissures (97%), brachycephaly (91%), and single transverse palmar crease (89%). Significant gender differences were noted in the prevalence of brachycephaly and the sandal gap (p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of regular dermatological care in enhancing the health management and quality of life of individuals with DS due to the prevalence and variability of dermatological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Skin Research & Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Βάση Δεδομένων: Complementary Index
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  Data: Comprehensive Assessment of Dermatologic and Dysmorphic Manifestations in Patients With Down Syndrome.
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  Data: Skin Research &amp; Technology; Oct2024, Vol. 30 Issue 10, p1-15, 15p
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  Data: Background: Down syndrome (DS), a common chromosomal anomaly caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is characterized by a broad spectrum of phenotypic characteristics across multiple organ systems, including cardiac defects and leukemia. Dermatological findings are prevalent among individuals with DS; however, these issues are frequently underrecognized and inadequately researched, resulting in a significant gap in the provision of comprehensive healthcare strategies. Given the increased life expectancy of patients with DS and delayed manifestation of many dermatoses, physicians are increasingly encountering dermatological findings in this population. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of dermatological findings in individuals with DS, compare them with those in a control group, and emphasize the necessity of incorporating dermatological evaluations into routine health monitoring. Methods: This prospective cross‐sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to June 2024 and involved 100 genetically confirmed individuals with DS and 100 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Comprehensive demographic, clinical, and karyotype data were collected for the DS group, and all the participants underwent detailed morphological evaluations. Results: The DS group had a mean age of approximately 6.37 years, whereas the controls were around 7 years old, with no significant differences in age or sex distribution between the groups. Karyotype analysis showed that trisomy 21 was present in 92% of the cases, mosaicism in 6%, and translocation in 2%. Common dermatological findings in the DS group included xerosis cutis (49%), thin and sparse hair (48%), dental caries (34%), delayed tooth eruption (28%), nail dystrophy (25%), fissured tongue (23%), and cheilitis (18%). Significant differences were noted in the prevalence of scabies, bacterial infections, and caf&#233; au lait macules between the DS and control groups (p &lt; 0.01). Dysmorphic findings in the DS group included epicanthal folds (97%), upslanted palpebral fissures (97%), brachycephaly (91%), and single transverse palmar crease (89%). Significant gender differences were noted in the prevalence of brachycephaly and the sandal gap (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of regular dermatological care in enhancing the health management and quality of life of individuals with DS due to the prevalence and variability of dermatological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of Skin Research &amp; Technology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Age distribution
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      – SubjectFull: Age differences
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      – SubjectFull: Tooth eruption
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      – TitleFull: Comprehensive Assessment of Dermatologic and Dysmorphic Manifestations in Patients With Down Syndrome.
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              M: 10
              Text: Oct2024
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              Y: 2024
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