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Forensic Comparison of Soil Samples Using Nondestructive Elemental Analysis.

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Τίτλος: Forensic Comparison of Soil Samples Using Nondestructive Elemental Analysis.
Συγγραφείς: Uitdehaag, Stefan, Wiarda, Wim, Donders, Timme, Kuiper, Irene
Πηγή: Journal of Forensic Sciences; Jul2017, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p861-868, 8p
Θεματικοί όροι: Forensic sciences, Soil composition, Trace evidence, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Crime analysis
Περίληψη: Soil can play an important role in forensic cases in linking suspects or objects to a crime scene by comparing samples from the crime scene with samples derived from items. This study uses an adapted ED- XRF analysis (sieving instead of grinding to prevent destruction of microfossils) to produce elemental composition data of 20 elements. Different data processing techniques and statistical distances were evaluated using data from 50 samples and the log- LR cost (Cllr). The best performing combination, Canberra distance, relative data, and square root values, is used to construct a discriminative model. Examples of the spatial resolution of the method in crime scenes are shown for three locations, and sampling strategy is discussed. Twelve test cases were analyzed, and results showed that the method is applicable. The study shows how the combination of an analysis technique, a database, and a discriminative model can be used to compare multiple soil samples quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Forensic Sciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Forensic Comparison of Soil Samples Using Nondestructive Elemental Analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Uitdehaag%2C+Stefan%22">Uitdehaag, Stefan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wiarda%2C+Wim%22">Wiarda, Wim</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donders%2C+Timme%22">Donders, Timme</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kuiper%2C+Irene%22">Kuiper, Irene</searchLink>
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  Data: Journal of Forensic Sciences; Jul2017, Vol. 62 Issue 4, p861-868, 8p
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Forensic+sciences%22">Forensic sciences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+composition%22">Soil composition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trace+evidence%22">Trace evidence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Energy+dispersive+X-ray+spectroscopy%22">Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crime+analysis%22">Crime analysis</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Soil can play an important role in forensic cases in linking suspects or objects to a crime scene by comparing samples from the crime scene with samples derived from items. This study uses an adapted ED- XRF analysis (sieving instead of grinding to prevent destruction of microfossils) to produce elemental composition data of 20 elements. Different data processing techniques and statistical distances were evaluated using data from 50 samples and the log- LR cost (C<subscript>llr</subscript>). The best performing combination, Canberra distance, relative data, and square root values, is used to construct a discriminative model. Examples of the spatial resolution of the method in crime scenes are shown for three locations, and sampling strategy is discussed. Twelve test cases were analyzed, and results showed that the method is applicable. The study shows how the combination of an analysis technique, a database, and a discriminative model can be used to compare multiple soil samples quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: Abstract
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Forensic Sciences is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/1556-4029.13313
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      – SubjectFull: Forensic sciences
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Soil composition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Trace evidence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
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      – SubjectFull: Crime analysis
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      – TitleFull: Forensic Comparison of Soil Samples Using Nondestructive Elemental Analysis.
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            NameFull: Wiarda, Wim
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              Text: Jul2017
              Type: published
              Y: 2017
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