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Characterization of animal tissues for Monte Carlo simulations in ion beam therapy.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Characterization of animal tissues for Monte Carlo simulations in ion beam therapy.
Συγγραφείς: Xiaoli L; Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China., Moyers MF; Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.
Πηγή: Journal of applied clinical medical physics [J Appl Clin Med Phys] 2026 Oct; Vol. 27 (10), pp. e70836.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Wiley on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101089176 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1526-9914 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 15269914 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Appl Clin Med Phys Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2017- : Malden, MA : Wiley on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine
Original Publication: Reston, VA : American College of Medical Physics, c2000-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Tomography, X-Ray Computed*/methods , Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted*/methods , Proton Therapy*/methods , Monte Carlo Method* , Phantoms, Imaging*, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Animals ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Computer Simulation
Περίληψη: Purpose: To obtain better elemental compositions (ECs), physical densities (PDs), and relative linear stopping powers (RLSPs) of tissues scanned by single or dual energy computed tomography for use by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of light ion beam therapy.
Methods and Materials: The RLSPs of 12 animal tissue samples were measured using several different energy proton and carbon ion beams. The EC of each sample was analyzed using the following modern laboratory techniques: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), organic elemental analysis (OEA), and ion chromatography (IC). RLSPs were calculated from both measured ECs and literature ECs and then compared with measured RLSPs. All samples underwent single-energy CT (SECT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) scanning after which a dual-energy index (DEI) was derived. A mapping from computed tomography number (CTN) and DEI to PD was performed.
Results: For each tissue sample, the measured RLSPs showed no significant dependence on beam energy or ion species, with all values agreeing to within ± 1% except for lung (within ± 2%). RLSPs directly measured and those calculated using measured PDs and ECs agreed within ± 2% except for lung. Measured RLSPs were slightly closer to values from laboratory-determined ECs than to literature ECs.
Conclusions: RLSP measurements were independent of beam energy and ion species. The main determinants of accurate CTN to RLSP conversion are the PDs and fractional hydrogen content of the tissues. The accuracy of PD and EC for input into Monte Carlo transport calculations can be improved by combining DEI and scaled CTN.
(© 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of The American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)
References: Ann ICRP. 1979;3(1-4):iii. (PMID: 20863799)
Ann ICRP. 2002;32(3-4):5-265. (PMID: 14506981)
Br J Radiol. 1977 Nov;50(599):814-21. (PMID: 588903)
Phys Med Biol. 2008 Feb 21;53(4):1027-42. (PMID: 18263956)
Br J Radiol. 1991 Feb;64(758):149-59. (PMID: 2004206)
Data Brief. 2020 Feb 03;29:105218. (PMID: 32071990)
Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 5;8(1):10181. (PMID: 29976928)
Z Med Phys. 2015 Sep;25(3):251-63. (PMID: 25497583)
Phys Med Biol. 2012 Jul 7;57(13):4095-115. (PMID: 22678123)
Phys Med Biol. 2015 Feb 21;60(4):1717-40. (PMID: 25650520)
Phys Med Biol. 1983 Feb;28(2):169-76. (PMID: 6408654)
Phys Med Biol. 2012 Jun 7;57(11):R99-117. (PMID: 22571913)
Phys Med Biol. 2010 Mar 7;55(5):1343-62. (PMID: 20145291)
Br J Radiol. 1986 Dec;59(708):1209-18. (PMID: 3801800)
Med Phys. 2008 May;35(5):1932-41. (PMID: 18561669)
Phys Med Biol. 2008 May 7;53(9):2439-56. (PMID: 18421124)
Neuroradiology. 1976;11(1):15-21. (PMID: 934468)
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018 Jan 1;100(1):244-253. (PMID: 29079119)
Phys Med Biol. 1996 Jan;41(1):111-24. (PMID: 8685250)
Med Phys. 2014 Jun;41(6):061705. (PMID: 24877800)
Eye (Lond). 1992;6 ( Pt 6):553-5. (PMID: 1289129)
Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003;14(1):13-29. (PMID: 12764017)
Phys Med Biol. 1986 Jan;31(1):1-15. (PMID: 3952143)
Dent Clin North Am. 2017 Oct;61(4):651-668. (PMID: 28886762)
Med Dosim. 2010 Autumn;35(3):179-94. (PMID: 19931030)
Phys Med Biol. 2017 Jun 23;62(14):5640-5651. (PMID: 28644820)
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 12;11(1):3704. (PMID: 33580127)
Radiology. 1977 Jul;124(1):133-41. (PMID: 405706)
Med Phys. 2016 Jun;43(6):2845-2854. (PMID: 27277033)
Forensic Sci Int. 2017 Feb;271:33-42. (PMID: 28056377)
J Radiat Res. 2009 Nov;50(6):513-9. (PMID: 19959880)
Phys Med Biol. 1998 Jun;43(6):1579-92. (PMID: 9651027)
Phys Med Biol. 2018 Mar 07;63(5):055016. (PMID: 29513647)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: CT number; carbon ions; dual energy CT index; elemental composition; protons; relative linear stopping power
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20261006 Date Completed: 20261006 Latest Revision: 20261008
Update Code: 20261008
PubMed Central ID: PMC13639258
DOI: 10.1002/acm2.70836
PMID: 42834590
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Characterization of animal tissues for Monte Carlo simulations in ion beam therapy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xiaoli+L%22">Xiaoli L</searchLink>; Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Moyers+MF%22">Moyers MF</searchLink>; Department of Medical Physics, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai, China.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101089176%22">Journal of applied clinical medical physics</searchLink> [J Appl Clin Med Phys] 2026 Oct; Vol. 27 (10), pp. e70836.
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– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Purpose: To obtain better elemental compositions (ECs), physical densities (PDs), and relative linear stopping powers (RLSPs) of tissues scanned by single or dual energy computed tomography for use by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of light ion beam therapy.<br />Methods and Materials: The RLSPs of 12 animal tissue samples were measured using several different energy proton and carbon ion beams. The EC of each sample was analyzed using the following modern laboratory techniques: Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), organic elemental analysis (OEA), and ion chromatography (IC). RLSPs were calculated from both measured ECs and literature ECs and then compared with measured RLSPs. All samples underwent single-energy CT (SECT) and dual-energy CT (DECT) scanning after which a dual-energy index (DEI) was derived. A mapping from computed tomography number (CTN) and DEI to PD was performed.<br />Results: For each tissue sample, the measured RLSPs showed no significant dependence on beam energy or ion species, with all values agreeing to within ± 1% except for lung (within ± 2%). RLSPs directly measured and those calculated using measured PDs and ECs agreed within ± 2% except for lung. Measured RLSPs were slightly closer to values from laboratory-determined ECs than to literature ECs.<br />Conclusions: RLSP measurements were independent of beam energy and ion species. The main determinants of accurate CTN to RLSP conversion are the PDs and fractional hydrogen content of the tissues. The accuracy of PD and EC for input into Monte Carlo transport calculations can be improved by combining DEI and scaled CTN.<br /> (© 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of The American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Ann ICRP. 1979;3(1-4):iii. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220863799%22">20863799)</searchLink><br />Ann ICRP. 2002;32(3-4):5-265. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2214506981%22">14506981)</searchLink><br />Br J Radiol. 1977 Nov;50(599):814-21. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%22588903%22">588903)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2008 Feb 21;53(4):1027-42. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218263956%22">18263956)</searchLink><br />Br J Radiol. 1991 Feb;64(758):149-59. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%222004206%22">2004206)</searchLink><br />Data Brief. 2020 Feb 03;29:105218. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232071990%22">32071990)</searchLink><br />Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 5;8(1):10181. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229976928%22">29976928)</searchLink><br />Z Med Phys. 2015 Sep;25(3):251-63. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225497583%22">25497583)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2012 Jul 7;57(13):4095-115. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222678123%22">22678123)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2015 Feb 21;60(4):1717-40. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225650520%22">25650520)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 1983 Feb;28(2):169-76. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%226408654%22">6408654)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2012 Jun 7;57(11):R99-117. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2222571913%22">22571913)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2010 Mar 7;55(5):1343-62. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220145291%22">20145291)</searchLink><br />Br J Radiol. 1986 Dec;59(708):1209-18. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%223801800%22">3801800)</searchLink><br />Med Phys. 2008 May;35(5):1932-41. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218561669%22">18561669)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2008 May 7;53(9):2439-56. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2218421124%22">18421124)</searchLink><br />Neuroradiology. 1976;11(1):15-21. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%22934468%22">934468)</searchLink><br />Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018 Jan 1;100(1):244-253. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229079119%22">29079119)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 1996 Jan;41(1):111-24. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%228685250%22">8685250)</searchLink><br />Med Phys. 2014 Jun;41(6):061705. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224877800%22">24877800)</searchLink><br />Eye (Lond). 1992;6 ( Pt 6):553-5. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%221289129%22">1289129)</searchLink><br />Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003;14(1):13-29. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212764017%22">12764017)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 1986 Jan;31(1):1-15. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%223952143%22">3952143)</searchLink><br />Dent Clin North Am. 2017 Oct;61(4):651-668. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228886762%22">28886762)</searchLink><br />Med Dosim. 2010 Autumn;35(3):179-94. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219931030%22">19931030)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2017 Jun 23;62(14):5640-5651. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228644820%22">28644820)</searchLink><br />Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 12;11(1):3704. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233580127%22">33580127)</searchLink><br />Radiology. 1977 Jul;124(1):133-41. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%22405706%22">405706)</searchLink><br />Med Phys. 2016 Jun;43(6):2845-2854. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227277033%22">27277033)</searchLink><br />Forensic Sci Int. 2017 Feb;271:33-42. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228056377%22">28056377)</searchLink><br />J Radiat Res. 2009 Nov;50(6):513-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219959880%22">19959880)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 1998 Jun;43(6):1579-92. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%229651027%22">9651027)</searchLink><br />Phys Med Biol. 2018 Mar 07;63(5):055016. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229513647%22">29513647)</searchLink>
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>CT number; carbon ions; dual energy CT index; elemental composition; protons; relative linear stopping power
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      – SubjectFull: Animals
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