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Comparison of Streptococcus mutans growth-phase-dependent transcriptome changes in two different simulated microgravity models.

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Title: Comparison of Streptococcus mutans growth-phase-dependent transcriptome changes in two different simulated microgravity models.
Authors: Davis KAT; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.; Present address: Health Sciences (Biotechnology), Central Georgia Technical College, 12 Macon, GA 31206, USA., Rice KC; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.
Source: Microbiology (Reading, England) [Microbiology (Reading)] 2026 Oct; Vol. 172 (10).
Publication Type: Journal Article; Comparative Study
Language: English
Journal Info: Publisher: Microbiology Society Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9430468 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1465-2080 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13500872 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Microbiology (Reading) Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: 2015- : London : Microbiology Society
Original Publication: Reading, U.K. : Society for General Microbiology, c1994-
MeSH Terms: Streptococcus mutans*/genetics , Streptococcus mutans*/growth & development , Streptococcus mutans*/metabolism , Transcriptome* , Weightlessness Simulation*, Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism ; Biofilms/growth & development ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Weightlessness ; Gene Expression Profiling
Abstract: Streptococcus mutans is a cariogenic member of human dental plaque biofilm. Our previous study of S. mutans early stationary-phase rotary cell culture system (RCCS) cultures revealed significant transcriptome changes under low-shear modelled microgravity (LSMMG) compared to normal gravity (NG), as well as an altered cell clumping phenotype. In this current study, S. mutans mid-exponential phase and late-exponential phase cultures were compared using the RCCS (LSMMG and NG orientations) as well as simulated microgravity ('0 g') using a random positioning machine (0 g RPM). The previously described stationary-phase LSMMG-altered cell clumping phenotype was also observed at earlier growth phases in LSMMG and 0 g RPM. Significant fold-change differences in gene expression (late-exponential/mid-exponential phase) were observed in LSMMG, NG and 0 g RPM, with 24 genes shared between LSMMG and 0 g RPM cultures (including upregulated pyrimidine biosynthesis genes and decreased genes involved in purine biosynthesis, iron transport and malolactic fermentation). Additional significant functional enrichments included TCA cycle (LSMMG and NG), starch and sucrose metabolism (LSMMG and 0 g RPM) and folate biosynthesis (LSMMG, 0 g RPM and NG). Overall, these data provide insight into S. mutans physiology in response to simulated microgravity. Further investigation of transcriptome changes shared between LSMMG and 0 g RPM may allow us to better predict how this bacterium responds to spaceflight conditions.
References: Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2368:281-299. (PMID: 34647262)
Astrobiology. 2010 Jun;10(5):463-73. (PMID: 20624055)
Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D158-D169. (PMID: 27899622)
Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2628-2629. (PMID: 31882993)
J Bacteriol. 2000 Mar;182(5):1374-82. (PMID: 10671461)
Arch Oral Biol. 1962 Jan-Feb;7:73-9. (PMID: 13898350)
Front Microbiol. 2018 Mar 06;9:321. (PMID: 29599757)
J Bacteriol. 2025 Aug 21;207(8):e0011525. (PMID: 40689635)
J Genet Genomics. 2015 May 20;42(5):195-205. (PMID: 26059768)
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 04;8(12):e80677. (PMID: 24324620)
Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jul 5;50(W1):W551-W559. (PMID: 35609982)
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Aug;106(13-16):5221-5231. (PMID: 35796811)
NPJ Microgravity. 2016 Jun 09;2:16021. (PMID: 28725732)
Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 26;8(1):14403. (PMID: 30258082)
NPJ Microgravity. 2017 Jan 12;3:4. (PMID: 28649626)
Astrobiology. 2020 Dec;20(12):1498-1509. (PMID: 33074712)
Microbiome. 2020 Apr 20;8(1):56. (PMID: 32312311)
NPJ Microgravity. 2019 Jan 7;5:1. (PMID: 30623021)
mBio. 2014 Jul 29;5(4):e01447-14. (PMID: 25073642)
J Bacteriol. 2009 Dec;191(23):7315-22. (PMID: 19801415)
PLoS One. 2013 Apr 29;8(4):e62437. (PMID: 23658630)
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 30;12(1):e0170826. (PMID: 28135286)
NPJ Microgravity. 2024 Sep 9;10(1):89. (PMID: 39251626)
Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Jan;7(1):. (PMID: 30657107)
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 9;104(41):16299-304. (PMID: 17901201)
J Am Dent Assoc. 1976 Aug;93(2):357-63. (PMID: 1065694)
Infect Immun. 1975 Sep;12(3):475-9. (PMID: 240778)
Life (Basel). 2021 Mar 27;11(4):. (PMID: 33801697)
J Hist Dent. 2002 Jul;50(2):71-5. (PMID: 12125697)
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Jun;68(2):345-61. (PMID: 15187188)
Front Physiol. 2019 Oct 15;10:1279. (PMID: 31680997)
Npj Complex. 2026;3(1):6. (PMID: 41613739)
Dent Clin North Am. 1999 Oct;43(4):599-614, v-vi. (PMID: 10553246)
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2341:79-88. (PMID: 34264463)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: RNA-Seq; Streptococcus mutans; cell clumping; physiology; simulated microgravity
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Bacterial Proteins)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20261005 Date Completed: 20261005 Latest Revision: 20261007
Update Code: 20261007
PubMed Central ID: PMC13637945
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001776
PMID: 42832261
Database: MEDLINE
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  Data: Comparison of Streptococcus mutans growth-phase-dependent transcriptome changes in two different simulated microgravity models.
– Name: Author
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davis+KAT%22">Davis KAT</searchLink>; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.; Present address: Health Sciences (Biotechnology), Central Georgia Technical College, 12 Macon, GA 31206, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rice+KC%22">Rice KC</searchLink>; Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, USA.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229430468%22">Microbiology (Reading, England)</searchLink> [Microbiology (Reading)] 2026 Oct; Vol. 172 (10).
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  Data: Journal Article; Comparative Study
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Microbiology+Society%22">Microbiology Society </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>9430468 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1465-2080 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2213500872%22">13500872 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Microbiology (Reading) <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Publication</i>: 2015- : London : Microbiology Society<br /><i>Original Publication</i>: Reading, U.K. : Society for General Microbiology, c1994-
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans%22">Streptococcus mutans*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans%22">Streptococcus mutans*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans+growth+%26+development%22">growth & development</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans%22">Streptococcus mutans*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Streptococcus+mutans+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Transcriptome%22">Transcriptome*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Weightlessness+Simulation%22">Weightlessness Simulation*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacterial+Proteins%22">Bacterial Proteins</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacterial+Proteins+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacterial+Proteins%22">Bacterial Proteins</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Bacterial+Proteins+metabolism%22">metabolism</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biofilms%22">Biofilms</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Biofilms+growth+%26+development%22">growth & development</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Gene+Expression+Regulation%2C+Bacterial%22">Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Weightlessness%22">Weightlessness</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Gene+Expression+Profiling%22">Gene Expression Profiling</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Streptococcus mutans is a cariogenic member of human dental plaque biofilm. Our previous study of S. mutans early stationary-phase rotary cell culture system (RCCS) cultures revealed significant transcriptome changes under low-shear modelled microgravity (LSMMG) compared to normal gravity (NG), as well as an altered cell clumping phenotype. In this current study, S. mutans mid-exponential phase and late-exponential phase cultures were compared using the RCCS (LSMMG and NG orientations) as well as simulated microgravity ('0 g') using a random positioning machine (0 g RPM). The previously described stationary-phase LSMMG-altered cell clumping phenotype was also observed at earlier growth phases in LSMMG and 0 g RPM. Significant fold-change differences in gene expression (late-exponential/mid-exponential phase) were observed in LSMMG, NG and 0 g RPM, with 24 genes shared between LSMMG and 0 g RPM cultures (including upregulated pyrimidine biosynthesis genes and decreased genes involved in purine biosynthesis, iron transport and malolactic fermentation). Additional significant functional enrichments included TCA cycle (LSMMG and NG), starch and sucrose metabolism (LSMMG and 0 g RPM) and folate biosynthesis (LSMMG, 0 g RPM and NG). Overall, these data provide insight into S. mutans physiology in response to simulated microgravity. Further investigation of transcriptome changes shared between LSMMG and 0 g RPM may allow us to better predict how this bacterium responds to spaceflight conditions.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
  Data: Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2368:281-299. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234647262%22">34647262)</searchLink><br />Astrobiology. 2010 Jun;10(5):463-73. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2220624055%22">20624055)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D158-D169. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2227899622%22">27899622)</searchLink><br />Bioinformatics. 2020 Apr 15;36(8):2628-2629. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231882993%22">31882993)</searchLink><br />J Bacteriol. 2000 Mar;182(5):1374-82. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210671461%22">10671461)</searchLink><br />Arch Oral Biol. 1962 Jan-Feb;7:73-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2213898350%22">13898350)</searchLink><br />Front Microbiol. 2018 Mar 06;9:321. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2229599757%22">29599757)</searchLink><br />J Bacteriol. 2025 Aug 21;207(8):e0011525. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2240689635%22">40689635)</searchLink><br />J Genet Genomics. 2015 May 20;42(5):195-205. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2226059768%22">26059768)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2013 Dec 04;8(12):e80677. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2224324620%22">24324620)</searchLink><br />Nucleic Acids Res. 2022 Jul 5;50(W1):W551-W559. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235609982%22">35609982)</searchLink><br />Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Aug;106(13-16):5221-5231. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2235796811%22">35796811)</searchLink><br />NPJ Microgravity. 2016 Jun 09;2:16021. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228725732%22">28725732)</searchLink><br />Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 26;8(1):14403. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230258082%22">30258082)</searchLink><br />NPJ Microgravity. 2017 Jan 12;3:4. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228649626%22">28649626)</searchLink><br />Astrobiology. 2020 Dec;20(12):1498-1509. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233074712%22">33074712)</searchLink><br />Microbiome. 2020 Apr 20;8(1):56. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2232312311%22">32312311)</searchLink><br />NPJ Microgravity. 2019 Jan 7;5:1. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230623021%22">30623021)</searchLink><br />mBio. 2014 Jul 29;5(4):e01447-14. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2225073642%22">25073642)</searchLink><br />J Bacteriol. 2009 Dec;191(23):7315-22. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2219801415%22">19801415)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2013 Apr 29;8(4):e62437. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2223658630%22">23658630)</searchLink><br />PLoS One. 2017 Jan 30;12(1):e0170826. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2228135286%22">28135286)</searchLink><br />NPJ Microgravity. 2024 Sep 9;10(1):89. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2239251626%22">39251626)</searchLink><br />Microbiol Spectr. 2019 Jan;7(1):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2230657107%22">30657107)</searchLink><br />Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 9;104(41):16299-304. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2217901201%22">17901201)</searchLink><br />J Am Dent Assoc. 1976 Aug;93(2):357-63. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%221065694%22">1065694)</searchLink><br />Infect Immun. 1975 Sep;12(3):475-9. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%22240778%22">240778)</searchLink><br />Life (Basel). 2021 Mar 27;11(4):. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2233801697%22">33801697)</searchLink><br />J Hist Dent. 2002 Jul;50(2):71-5. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2212125697%22">12125697)</searchLink><br />Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004 Jun;68(2):345-61. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2215187188%22">15187188)</searchLink><br />Front Physiol. 2019 Oct 15;10:1279. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2231680997%22">31680997)</searchLink><br />Npj Complex. 2026;3(1):6. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2241613739%22">41613739)</searchLink><br />Dent Clin North Am. 1999 Oct;43(4):599-614, v-vi. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2210553246%22">10553246)</searchLink><br />Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2341:79-88. (PMID: <searchLink fieldCode="PM" term="%2234264463%22">34264463)</searchLink>
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>RNA-Seq; Streptococcus mutans; cell clumping; physiology; simulated microgravity
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        Value: 10.1099/mic.0.001776
    Languages:
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        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Bacterial Proteins genetics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bacterial Proteins metabolism
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biofilms growth & development
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Weightlessness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Gene Expression Profiling
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      – SubjectFull: Streptococcus mutans genetics
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      – SubjectFull: Streptococcus mutans growth & development
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      – SubjectFull: Streptococcus mutans metabolism
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      – SubjectFull: Weightlessness Simulation
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      – TitleFull: Comparison of Streptococcus mutans growth-phase-dependent transcriptome changes in two different simulated microgravity models.
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