Academic Journal
Targeting innate immunity in cancer: mechanistic foundations, therapeutic vaccination, and clinical translation.
| Τίτλος: | Targeting innate immunity in cancer: mechanistic foundations, therapeutic vaccination, and clinical translation. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Li X; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China., Meng Y; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China., Dong J; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China., Ma Y; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China., Liu D; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China., Zhang X; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China., Zhao L; Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China. |
| Πηγή: | Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2026 Sep 18; Vol. 17, pp. 1941235. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 18 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation] |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Neoplasms*/immunology , Neoplasms*/therapy , Neoplasms*/metabolism , Cancer Vaccines*/immunology , Cancer Vaccines*/therapeutic use , Immunity, Innate*, Tumor Microenvironment/immunology ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Humans ; Animals ; Innate Immunity Recognition ; Vaccination ; Translational Research, Biomedical |
| Περίληψη: | Cancer evolves within tissue ecosystems in which innate immune surveillance and tumor-promoting inflammation jointly shape disease progression and therapeutic response. Innate receptors detect cellular stress, altered-self ligands, damaged-cell products and tumor-derived nucleic acids, thereby initiating cytotoxicity, phagocytosis, antigen presentation and adaptive immune priming. However, tumors can redirect these mechanisms through suppressive cytokines, metabolic competition, hypoxia and dysregulated chemokine networks, promoting immune exclusion, metastasis and treatment resistance. This Review examines innate recognition, immunoediting and innate-adaptive crosstalk. We discuss the heterogeneity, dysfunction and therapeutic targeting of dendritic cells, macrophages, natural killer cells, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, innate lymphoid cells and other tissue-resident populations. We also evaluate Toll-like receptor, cGAS-STING, RIG-I-MAVS, inflammasome and complement pathways as therapeutically actionable but potentially tumor-promoting signaling systems. Finally, we consider how innate adjuvants, antigen selection, delivery technologies and rational combinations can improve therapeutic cancer vaccines. Emerging clinical studies demonstrate feasibility, but inconsistent efficacy and treatment-associated toxicity emphasize the need for biomarker-guided patient selection, spatially restricted delivery and mechanism-based sequencing. Clinical translation will depend on biomarker-guided patient selection, localized delivery and treatment sequencing that preserves antimicrobial defense and tissue homeostasis. (Copyright © 2026 Li, Meng, Dong, Ma, Liu, Zhang and Zhao.) |
| Competing Interests: | The author(s) declared that this work was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: cancer immunotherapy; cancer vaccines; innate immune sensing; innate immunity; tumor microenvironment |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Cancer Vaccines) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20261003 Date Completed: 20261003 Latest Revision: 20261005 |
| Update Code: | 20261005 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13631731 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1941235 |
| PMID: | 42828145 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1941235 |