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Correlation of Prolonged Sitting Time and Sitting Posture on Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical Students at Universitas Sumatera Utara.

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Τίτλος: Correlation of Prolonged Sitting Time and Sitting Posture on Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical Students at Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Συγγραφείς: Koswara J; Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia., Machrina Y; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia., Lubis M; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia., Amelia R; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia.
Πηγή: F1000Research [F1000Res] 2026 Sep 15; Vol. 13, pp. 1379. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 15 (Print Publication: 2024).
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: F1000 Research Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101594320 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2046-1402 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20461402 NLM ISO Abbreviation: F1000Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: London : F1000 Research Ltd
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Low Back Pain*/epidemiology , Low Back Pain*/etiology , Students, Medical* , Sitting Position*, Indonesia/epidemiology ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Male ; Female ; Young Adult ; Posture ; Adult ; Time Factors
Περίληψη: Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in the world. Medical students, particularly those who use computers for study purposes, are more vulnerable to LBP due to prolonged sitting times and improper sitting posture during lectures. However, prior research showed that the prevalence of LBP among medical students appeared lower when they were enrolled during online pandemic learning. Hence, this research is performed to determine the correlation between the duration of sitting and sitting posture on the incidence of LBP among medical students in Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with an analytical descriptive design was conducted in September 2023 among randomly selected 147 medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria of the research sample are students with BMI< 23 kg/m2 while the exclusion criteria are students who have abnormalities and a history of trauma or spinal fractures. Data was obtained from filling out questionnaires of The Pain and Distress Scale (PAD) and Body Awareness of Postural Habit in Young People (BAPHY). A Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze data with a p-value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
Results: The study's findings revealed that 40.1% of students reported having LBP problems, 72.1% reported sitting for more than seven hours each day, and 33.3% reported having a bad sitting posture. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between sitting duration and posture on complaints of lower back pain (RR = 1.69, p = 0.041 and RR = 1.69, p = 0.009). At a risk of 2,438 times, sitting posture is the main factor contributing to LBP among medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.
Conclusions: This research showed a significant correlation between duration and sitting posture on the incidence of low back pain.
(Copyright: © 2026 Koswara J et al.)
Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
References: J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Nov;28(11):3162-3164. (PMID: 27942141)
Pain Res Manag. 2018 Feb 6;2018:8317906. (PMID: 29623146)
Technol Health Care. 2018;26(S1):409-418. (PMID: 29758964)
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019 Oct 1;44(19):1390-1395. (PMID: 31261281)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Indonesia; Low back pain; Medical students; Sitting duration; Sitting posture
Molecular Sequence: figshare 10.6084/m9.figshare.24907428
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20261003 Date Completed: 20261003 Latest Revision: 20261004
Update Code: 20261004
PubMed Central ID: PMC13627944
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.146596.2
PMID: 42827429
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Correlation of Prolonged Sitting Time and Sitting Posture on Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study among Medical Students at Universitas Sumatera Utara.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Koswara+J%22&quot;&gt;Koswara J&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Medical Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Machrina+Y%22&quot;&gt;Machrina Y&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Lubis+M%22&quot;&gt;Lubis M&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Amelia+R%22&quot;&gt;Amelia R&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Low+Back+Pain%22&quot;&gt;Low Back Pain*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Low+Back+Pain+epidemiology%22&quot;&gt;epidemiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Low+Back+Pain%22&quot;&gt;Low Back Pain*&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Low+Back+Pain+etiology%22&quot;&gt;etiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Students%2C+Medical%22&quot;&gt;Students, Medical*&lt;/searchLink&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MM&quot; term=&quot;%22Sitting+Position%22&quot;&gt;Sitting Position*&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Indonesia%22&quot;&gt;Indonesia&lt;/searchLink&gt;/&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Indonesia+epidemiology%22&quot;&gt;epidemiology&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Humans%22&quot;&gt;Humans&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Cross-Sectional+Studies%22&quot;&gt;Cross-Sectional Studies&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Male%22&quot;&gt;Male&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Female%22&quot;&gt;Female&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Young+Adult%22&quot;&gt;Young Adult&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Posture%22&quot;&gt;Posture&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Adult%22&quot;&gt;Adult&lt;/searchLink&gt; ; &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;MH&quot; term=&quot;%22Time+Factors%22&quot;&gt;Time Factors&lt;/searchLink&gt;
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in the world. Medical students, particularly those who use computers for study purposes, are more vulnerable to LBP due to prolonged sitting times and improper sitting posture during lectures. However, prior research showed that the prevalence of LBP among medical students appeared lower when they were enrolled during online pandemic learning. Hence, this research is performed to determine the correlation between the duration of sitting and sitting posture on the incidence of LBP among medical students in Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.&lt;br /&gt;Methods: A cross-sectional study with an analytical descriptive design was conducted in September 2023 among randomly selected 147 medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria of the research sample are students with BMI&amp;lt; 23 kg/m2 while the exclusion criteria are students who have abnormalities and a history of trauma or spinal fractures. Data was obtained from filling out questionnaires of The Pain and Distress Scale (PAD) and Body Awareness of Postural Habit in Young People (BAPHY). A Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze data with a p-value &amp;lt; 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.&lt;br /&gt;Results: The study&#39;s findings revealed that 40.1% of students reported having LBP problems, 72.1% reported sitting for more than seven hours each day, and 33.3% reported having a bad sitting posture. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between sitting duration and posture on complaints of lower back pain (RR = 1.69, p = 0.041 and RR = 1.69, p = 0.009). At a risk of 2,438 times, sitting posture is the main factor contributing to LBP among medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia.&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions: This research showed a significant correlation between duration and sitting posture on the incidence of low back pain.&lt;br /&gt; (Copyright: &#169; 2026 Koswara J et al.)
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  Data: No competing interests were disclosed.
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  Data: J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Nov;28(11):3162-3164. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2227942141%22&quot;&gt;27942141)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pain Res Manag. 2018 Feb 6;2018:8317906. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2229623146%22&quot;&gt;29623146)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Technol Health Care. 2018;26(S1):409-418. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2229758964%22&quot;&gt;29758964)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019 Oct 1;44(19):1390-1395. (PMID: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;PM&quot; term=&quot;%2231261281%22&quot;&gt;31261281)&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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