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The Role of Wildlife and Climate Change in the Emergence of One Health-Related Viral Diseases in Australia.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: The Role of Wildlife and Climate Change in the Emergence of One Health-Related Viral Diseases in Australia.
Συγγραφείς: Ali MW; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia., Hosen ME; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia., Rahaman MM; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia., Kinobe R; College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia., Jelocnik M; Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia., Sarker S; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
Πηγή: Viruses [Viruses] 2026 Sep 11; Vol. 18 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 11.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Review
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Animals, Wild*/virology , Virus Diseases*/epidemiology , Virus Diseases*/transmission , Virus Diseases*/veterinary , Virus Diseases*/virology , Viral Zoonoses*/epidemiology , Viral Zoonoses*/transmission , Communicable Diseases, Emerging*/epidemiology , Communicable Diseases, Emerging*/virology , Climate Change* , One Health*, Australia/epidemiology ; Disease Reservoirs/virology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/virology ; Viruses/classification ; Mosquito Vectors/virology ; Animals ; Humans
Περίληψη: Wildlife-origin viral diseases are an increasing One Health challenge in Australia, with climate change emerging as a key driver of disease emergence, transmission, and spillover. Australian wildlife, particularly marsupials, birds, and bats, serve as important reservoirs of zoonotic and vector-borne viruses. However, the combined influence of wildlife reservoirs and climate change on viral disease ecology in Australia has not been comprehensively synthesised. This review examines the epidemiology, significance, and climate sensitivity of wildlife-associated viral diseases and evaluates how climate change and variability affect reservoir host ecology, vector biology, viral persistence, and host-pathogen-vector interactions. Thirteen major wildlife-associated viruses of One Health importance were identified, with transmission predominantly involving wildlife reservoirs and mosquito vectors. Temperature and rainfall were the principal climatic drivers influencing the transmission of Ross River virus (RRV), Barmah Forest virus (BFV), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus/Kunjin virus (WNV/KUNV), and avian influenza A virus (AIV). For most mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs), temperature exhibited a non-linear relationship with transmission, while above-average rainfall generally increased outbreak risk by promoting mosquito abundance, habitat availability, and reservoir host activity. Significant knowledge gaps remain in wildlife virome surveillance, climate-disease pathways, and integrated One Health surveillance. Strengthening climate-informed surveillance that integrates wildlife, vectors, genomics, epidemiology, and predictive modelling will improve outbreak preparedness and reduce the risk of viral emergence and spillover in Australia.
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Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Australian wild animals; One Health; climate change; wildlife viruses; zoonotic
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260926 Date Completed: 20260926 Latest Revision: 20260929
Update Code: 20260929
PubMed Central ID: PMC13611901
DOI: 10.3390/v18091001
PMID: 42797833
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: The Role of Wildlife and Climate Change in the Emergence of One Health-Related Viral Diseases in Australia.
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  Label: Authors
  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ali+MW%22">Ali MW</searchLink>; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hosen+ME%22">Hosen ME</searchLink>; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rahaman+MM%22">Rahaman MM</searchLink>; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kinobe+R%22">Kinobe R</searchLink>; College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jelocnik+M%22">Jelocnik M</searchLink>; Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.; School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sarker+S%22">Sarker S</searchLink>; Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia.
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Source
  Group: Src
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101509722%22">Viruses</searchLink> [Viruses] 2026 Sep 11; Vol. 18 (9). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Sep 11.
– Name: TypePub
  Label: Publication Type
  Group: TypPub
  Data: Journal Article; Review
– Name: Language
  Label: Language
  Group: Lang
  Data: English
– Name: TitleSource
  Label: Journal Info
  Group: Src
  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22MDPI%22">MDPI </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Switzerland <i>NLM ID: </i>101509722 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1999-4915 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2219994915%22">19994915 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Viruses <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
– Name: PublisherInfo
  Label: Imprint Name(s)
  Group: PubInfo
  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
– Name: SubjectMESH
  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Animals%2C+Wild%22">Animals, Wild*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Animals%2C+Wild+virology%22">virology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases%22">Virus Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases%22">Virus Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases+transmission%22">transmission</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases%22">Virus Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases%22">Virus Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Virus+Diseases+virology%22">virology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Viral+Zoonoses%22">Viral Zoonoses*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Viral+Zoonoses+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Viral+Zoonoses%22">Viral Zoonoses*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Viral+Zoonoses+transmission%22">transmission</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging%22">Communicable Diseases, Emerging*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging%22">Communicable Diseases, Emerging*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Communicable+Diseases%2C+Emerging+virology%22">virology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Climate+Change%22">Climate Change*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22One+Health%22">One Health*</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Australia%22">Australia</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Australia+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Disease+Reservoirs%22">Disease Reservoirs</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Disease+Reservoirs+virology%22">virology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Zoonoses%22">Zoonoses</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Zoonoses+epidemiology%22">epidemiology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Zoonoses%22">Zoonoses</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Zoonoses+virology%22">virology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Viruses%22">Viruses</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Viruses+classification%22">classification</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Mosquito+Vectors%22">Mosquito Vectors</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Mosquito+Vectors+virology%22">virology</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Humans%22">Humans</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Wildlife-origin viral diseases are an increasing One Health challenge in Australia, with climate change emerging as a key driver of disease emergence, transmission, and spillover. Australian wildlife, particularly marsupials, birds, and bats, serve as important reservoirs of zoonotic and vector-borne viruses. However, the combined influence of wildlife reservoirs and climate change on viral disease ecology in Australia has not been comprehensively synthesised. This review examines the epidemiology, significance, and climate sensitivity of wildlife-associated viral diseases and evaluates how climate change and variability affect reservoir host ecology, vector biology, viral persistence, and host-pathogen-vector interactions. Thirteen major wildlife-associated viruses of One Health importance were identified, with transmission predominantly involving wildlife reservoirs and mosquito vectors. Temperature and rainfall were the principal climatic drivers influencing the transmission of Ross River virus (RRV), Barmah Forest virus (BFV), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus/Kunjin virus (WNV/KUNV), and avian influenza A virus (AIV). For most mosquito-borne viruses (MBVs), temperature exhibited a non-linear relationship with transmission, while above-average rainfall generally increased outbreak risk by promoting mosquito abundance, habitat availability, and reservoir host activity. Significant knowledge gaps remain in wildlife virome surveillance, climate-disease pathways, and integrated One Health surveillance. Strengthening climate-informed surveillance that integrates wildlife, vectors, genomics, epidemiology, and predictive modelling will improve outbreak preparedness and reduce the risk of viral emergence and spillover in Australia.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Australian wild animals; One Health; climate change; wildlife viruses; zoonotic
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        Value: 10.3390/v18091001
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Australia epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Disease Reservoirs virology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Zoonoses epidemiology
        Type: general
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Humans
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animals, Wild virology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Virus Diseases epidemiology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Virus Diseases transmission
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      – SubjectFull: Virus Diseases veterinary
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Virus Diseases virology
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      – SubjectFull: Viral Zoonoses epidemiology
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        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate Change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: One Health
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: The Role of Wildlife and Climate Change in the Emergence of One Health-Related Viral Diseases in Australia.
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              M: 09
              Text: 2026 Sep 11
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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