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Theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation and complex visuomotor training in healthy young adults.

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Τίτλος: Theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation and complex visuomotor training in healthy young adults.
Συγγραφείς: Tilley NJ; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Cirillo J; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Opie GM; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Semmler JG; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Πηγή: Journal of neurophysiology [J Neurophysiol] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 136 (4), pp. 1489-1497. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 17.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: American Physiological Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0375404 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1522-1598 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223077 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurophysiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Bethesda Md : American Physiological Society
Original Publication: Washington [etc.]
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation*/methods , Motor Cortex*/physiology , Psychomotor Performance*/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Motor*/physiology , Theta Rhythm*/physiology , Gamma Rhythm*/physiology , Motor Skills*/physiology, Humans ; Female ; Young Adult ; Male ; Adult
Περίληψη: Theta-gamma (TG) transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that can improve performance of simple motor tasks when applied over the primary motor cortex (M1). However, the effects of TG tACS on performance of more complex motor tasks remain to be investigated. Forty healthy young (mean age 25.8 ± 5.1 yr) individuals were recruited to receive either 20 min of TG (75 Hz gamma burst nested at the peak of a 6 Hz theta wave) or sham tACS over M1 during training of a sequential visual isometric pinch force task (SVIPT). Skill was quantified as a function of speed and accuracy and was used to index changes in performance. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess corticomotor excitability and intracortical inhibition before and after the intervention. We found that skill increased during training (P < 0.001), but there was no difference between interventions (P = 0.729). Furthermore, training increased corticomotor excitability (P < 0.001), but did not modulate intracortical inhibition (P = 0.328), and this was not different between interventions (P > 0.196). Overall, our results suggest that the TG tACS applied over M1 has limited impact on neurophysiological and behavioral effects of complex visuomotor training in young healthy adults.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Application of theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (TG-tACS) over the primary motor cortex does not enhance visuomotor performance in young healthy adults. Given that visuomotor improvements likely rely on interactions across multiple nodes of the visuomotor network, future research should investigate the effects of TG-tACS targeting other brain regions to better define its potential for improving visuomotor performance.
Grant Information: DP250101672 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DE230100022 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: motor skill training; plasticity; primary motor cortex; transcranial alternating current stimulation; transcranial magnetic stimulation
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260918 Date Completed: 20260930 Latest Revision: 20260930
Update Code: 20261001
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00219.2026
PMID: 42757481
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: Theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation and complex visuomotor training in healthy young adults.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Tilley+NJ%22&quot;&gt;Tilley NJ&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Cirillo+J%22&quot;&gt;Cirillo J&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Opie+GM%22&quot;&gt;Opie GM&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AU&quot; term=&quot;%22Semmler+JG%22&quot;&gt;Semmler JG&lt;/searchLink&gt;; Discipline of Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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  Data: Theta-gamma (TG) transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that can improve performance of simple motor tasks when applied over the primary motor cortex (M1). However, the effects of TG tACS on performance of more complex motor tasks remain to be investigated. Forty healthy young (mean age 25.8 &#177; 5.1 yr) individuals were recruited to receive either 20 min of TG (75 Hz gamma burst nested at the peak of a 6 Hz theta wave) or sham tACS over M1 during training of a sequential visual isometric pinch force task (SVIPT). Skill was quantified as a function of speed and accuracy and was used to index changes in performance. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to assess corticomotor excitability and intracortical inhibition before and after the intervention. We found that skill increased during training (P &amp;lt; 0.001), but there was no difference between interventions (P = 0.729). Furthermore, training increased corticomotor excitability (P &amp;lt; 0.001), but did not modulate intracortical inhibition (P = 0.328), and this was not different between interventions (P &gt; 0.196). Overall, our results suggest that the TG tACS applied over M1 has limited impact on neurophysiological and behavioral effects of complex visuomotor training in young healthy adults.NEW &amp; NOTEWORTHY Application of theta-gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (TG-tACS) over the primary motor cortex does not enhance visuomotor performance in young healthy adults. Given that visuomotor improvements likely rely on interactions across multiple nodes of the visuomotor network, future research should investigate the effects of TG-tACS targeting other brain regions to better define its potential for improving visuomotor performance.
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  Data: DP250101672 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC); DE230100022 Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (ARC)
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Keywords: &lt;/i&gt;motor skill training; plasticity; primary motor cortex; transcranial alternating current stimulation; transcranial magnetic stimulation
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  Data: 10.1152/jn.00219.2026
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        Value: 10.1152/jn.00219.2026
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        Text: English
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