Academic Journal
Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Genesis of Strontium-Rich Mineral Springs in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau.
| Τίτλος: | Hydrogeochemical and Isotopic Constraints on the Genesis of Strontium-Rich Mineral Springs in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, Tibetan Plateau. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Liu J; Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China., Wang J; Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China., Zhou Y; Institute of Environmental Governance and Data Application, Environmental Development Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China (MEE), Beijing, China.; Institute of Environmental Governance and Data Application, Sino-Japan Friendship Center for Environmental Protection, Beijing, China., Ruan D; Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China., Xiao Y; Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.; Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources, Qinghai University, Xining, China.; Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecological Mitigation of Geohazards in Tibet Plateau Transportation Corridors, Chengdu, China., Wang S; Bureau of Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting, Xining, China., Zhang G; Qinghai 906 Engineering Survey and Design Institute Co. Ltd., Xi'ning, China., Qi Z; Xining Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Xining, China., Ning J; Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources, Qinghai University, Xining, China., Ren Q; Key Laboratory of Water Ecology Remediation and Protection at Headwater Regions of Big Rivers, Ministry of Water Resources, Qinghai University, Xining, China., Ma Z; Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.; Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Ecological Mitigation of Geohazards in Tibet Plateau Transportation Corridors, Chengdu, China. |
| Πηγή: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation [Water Environ Res] 2026 Sep; Vol. 98 (9), pp. e70583. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Wiley Subscription Services on behalf of The Water Environment Foundation Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9886167 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1554-7531 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10614303 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Water Environ Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley Subscription Services on behalf of The Water Environment Foundation Original Publication: Alexandria, VA : The Federation, c1992- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Strontium*/chemistry , Groundwater*/chemistry , Natural Springs*/chemistry , Mineral Waters*/analysis, Tibet ; Strontium Isotopes |
| Περίληψη: | Strontium-rich natural mineral water represents an important high-quality groundwater resource. However, the processes controlling Sr enrichment and the contribution of fault-controlled groundwater circulation to mineral water formation in cold-arid mountainous regions remain poorly constrained. In this study, the Yanglonggou Sr-enriched mineral spring system, located on the eastern margin of the Qaidam Basin on the Tibetan Plateau, was investigated. An integrated hydrogeochemical and isotopic approach was employed to elucidate the processes responsible for Sr enrichment. The results indicate that the groundwater exhibits a Ca-HCO (© 2026 Water Environment Federation.) |
| References: | Adimalla, N. 2021. “Application of the Entropy Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) and the Pollution Index of Groundwater (PIG) to Assess Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purposes: A Case Study in a Rural Area of Telangana State, India.” Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 80, no. 1: 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244‐020‐00800‐4. Al‐Bassam, A. M., and A. R. Khalil. 2012. “DurovPwin: A New Version to Plot the Expanded Durov Diagram for Hydro‐Chemical Data Analysis.” Computers & Geosciences 42: 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.02.005. Banner, J. L. 1995. “Application of the Trace Element and Isotope Geochemistry of Strontium to Studies of Carbonate Diagenesis.” Sedimentology 42, no. 5: 805–824. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365‐3091.1995.tb00410.x. Buškulić, P., J. Parlov, Z. Kovač, and Z. Z. Nakić. 2023. “Estimation of Nitrate Background Value in Groundwater Under the Long‐Term Human Impact.” Hydrology 10, no. 3: 63. https://www.mdpi.com/2306‐5338/10/3/63. Cheng, Y. H., V. Petrov, R. S. Jin, and P. S. Miao. 2025. “Neotectonic Controls on Large‐Scale Uranium Mineralization in the Meso‐Cenozioc Basins, Northern China.” Ore Geology Reviews 176: 106393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2024.106393. Clark, I. D., and P. Fritz. 1997. Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology. 1st ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482242911. Cornaton, F. J., Y. J. Park, and E. Deleersnijder. 2011. “On the Biases Affecting Water Ages Inferred From Isotopic Data.” Journal of Hydrology 410, no. 3: 217–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.09.024. Ferreira, L., J. V. Cruz, F. Viveiros, et al. 2023. “Hydrogeochemistry and Strontium Isotopic Signatures of Mineral Waters From Furnas and Fogo Volcanoes (São Miguel, Azores).” Water 15, no. 2: 245. https://www.mdpi.com/2073‐4441/15/2/245. Ferreira, L., J. V. Cruz, F. Viveiros, et al. 2025. “Hydrogeochemical Signatures and Processes Influencing Mineral Waters at Furnas Volcano (São Miguel, Azores).” Water 17, no. 6: 898. https://www.mdpi.com/2073‐4441/17/6/898. Gaillardet, J., B. Dupré, P. Louvat, and C. J. Allègre. 1999. “Global Silicate Weathering and CO2 Consumption Rates Deduced From the Chemistry of Large Rivers.” Chemical Geology 159, no. 1: 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009‐2541(99)00031‐5. GAQS. 2017. “Standards for Groundwater Quality.” In (Vol. GB/T 14848 2017). General Administration of Quality Supervision. Gibbs, R. J. 1970. “Mechanisms Controlling World Water Chemistry.” Science 170, no. 3962: 1088–1090. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.170.3962.1088. Gu, T., X. Mao, F. Zhang, et al. 2025. “Study on the Impact of Human Activities on River Water Quality in Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau.” Journal of Salt Lake Research 33, no. 3: 54–63. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.yhyj.2024087. Guo, X., Y. Xiao, W. Hu, et al. 2026. “Formation Mechanisms of Strontium and Lithium‐Enriched Complex Mineral Spring Waters in the Cold High‐Altitude Zones on Tibetan Plateau: Insights From Hydrochemistry and Isotopic Tracers.” Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 14, no. 3: 123093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2026.123093. Guo, Z., D. Zhao, Z. Peng, and X. Zhai. 2025. “The Impact of Surface Water‐Groundwater Interactions on the Fate and Transport of Typical PFAS.” Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology 52, no. 3: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000‐3665.202409027. Han, G., T. Pan, Q. Li, et al. 2023. “Genesis of Neogene Formation Waters in the Central Qaidam Basin: Clues From Hydrochemistry and Stable D‐O‐S‐Sr Isotopes.” Acta Geologica Sinica ‐ English Edition 97, no. 6: 1801–1813. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755‐6724.15098. Han, M., W. Zhang, N. Jia, et al. 2025. “Rapid Determination of Ferrum, Manganese, Strontium and Barium in Geothermal Water by ICP‐OES.” Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 13, no. 2: 170–179. https://doi.org/10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280047. Jiang, W. J., L. S. Meng, F. T. Liu, et al. 2023. “Distribution, Source Investigation, and Risk Assessment of Topsoil Heavy Metals in Areas With Intensive Anthropogenic Activities Using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Model Coupled With Self‐Organizing Map (SOM).” Environmental Geochemistry and Health 45, no. 8: 6353–6370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653‐023‐01587‐8. Jiang, W. J., Y. Z. Sheng, Z. M. Shi, et al. 2024. “Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Evolution of Formation Water in the Continental Sedimentary Basin: A Case Study in the Qaidam Basin, China.” Science of the Total Environment 957: 177672. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177672. Jiang, W. J., Y. Z. Sheng, G. C. Wang, et al. 2022. “Cl, Br, B, Li, and Noble Gases Isotopes to Study the Origin and Evolution of Deep Groundwater in Sedimentary Basins: A Review.” Environmental Chemistry Letters 20, no. 2: 1497–1528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311‐021‐01371‐z. Jiang, W. J., G. C. Wang, Y. Z. Sheng, et al. 2019. “Isotopes in Groundwater (2H, 18O, 14C) Revealed the Climate and Groundwater Recharge in the Northern China.” Science of the Total Environment 666: 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.245. Li, A., H. Deng, H. Wang, H. Zheng, X. Gou, and Y. Pan. 2021. “Constitutive Model of Water‐Damaged Silty Mudstone Under Water–Rock Interactions.” Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology 48, no. 2: 106–113. https://doi.org/10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000‐3665.202004007. Liu, J., Y. Xiao, X. Guo, et al. 2026. “Hydrogeochemical Genesis and Strontium Enrichment Mechanisms of Mineral Springs in a Typical Alpine Region on Tibetan Plateau.” Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 144: 104495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2026.104495. Liu, Y., A. B. Huang, H. Liu, B. Peng, X. Zhang, and Q. Huang. 2025. “Dynamic Evolution Characteristics and Influencing Mechanisms of Groundwater in the Zoige Plateau.” Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 13, no. 3: 286–300. https://doi.org/10.26599/JGSE.2025.9280055. Liu, Y., Y. Yang, B. Song, et al. 2022. “Hydrothermal Systems With Radiogenic Sr in the North Qaidam Ultrahigh‐Pressure Metamorphic Belt, NE Tibetan Plateau and Implications for Regional Dissolved Sr Budget.” Applied Geochemistry 138: 105214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2022.105214. Lu, P., G. Zhang, J. Apps, and C. Zhu. 2022. “Comparison of Thermodynamic Data Files for PHREEQC.” Earth‐Science Reviews 225: 103888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103888. Ma, W., W. Wang, X. Hou, et al. 2025. “Spatial Evolution of Hydrogeochemistry Driven by River Water–Groundwater Transformations in the Manas River Basin.” Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology 44, no. 2: 378–388. https://doi.org/10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240360. Malov, A. I. 2023. “Features of the Formation of Strontium Pollution of Drinking Groundwater and Associated Health Risks in the North‐West of Russia.” Water 15, no. 21: 3846. https://www.mdpi.com/2073‐4441/15/21/3846. Marie, P. J. 2007. “Strontium Ranelate: New Insights Into Its Dual Mode of Action.” Bone 40, no. 5, Supplement 1: S5–S8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2007.02.003. Mazor, E. 2003. Chemical and Isotopic Groundwater Hydrology. 3rd ed. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203912959. Musgrove, M. 2021. “The Occurrence and Distribution of Strontium in U.S. Groundwater.” Applied Geochemistry 126: 104867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104867. NHCPRC. 2018. “National Food Safety Standard—Drinking Natural Mineral Water (GB 8537‐2018).” National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China 2018. Petraccia, L., G. Liberati, S. Giuseppe Masciullo, M. Grassi, and A. Fraioli. 2006. “Water, Mineral Waters and Health.” Clinical Nutrition 25, no. 3: 377–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2005.10.002. Priestley, S. C., D. L. Wohling, M. N. Keppel, et al. 2017. “Detecting Inter‐Aquifer Leakage in Areas With Limited Data Using Hydraulics and Multiple Environmental Tracers, Including 4He, 36Cl/Cl, 14C and 87Sr/86Sr.” Hydrogeology Journal 25, no. 7: 2031–2047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040‐017‐1609‐x. Qi, Z. X., S. B. Wang, X. K. Li, et al. 2022. “Genesis Analysis of Natural Drinking Mineral Water in Yanglonggou, Tianjun County, Eastern Qaidam Basin.” Journal of Ningxia University (Natural Science Edition) 43, no. 4: 1–6. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/64.1006.N.20230504.1505.016. Quattrini, S., B. Pampaloni, and M. L. Brandi. 2016. “Natural Mineral Waters: Chemical Characteristics and Health Effects.” Clinical Cases in Mineral and Bone Metabolism 13, no. 3: 173–180. https://doi.org/10.11138/ccmbm/2016.13.3.173. Rao, W., K. Jin, S. Jiang, H. Tan, L. Han, and Q. Tang. 2015. “Chemical and Strontium Isotopic Characteristics of Shallow Groundwater in the Ordos Desert Plateau, North China: Implications for the Dissolved Sr Source and Water–Rock Interactions.” Geochemistry 75, no. 3: 365–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2015.07.003. Shand, P., D. P. F. Darbyshire, A. J. Love, and W. M. Edmunds. 2009. “Sr Isotopes in Natural Waters: Applications to Source Characterisation and Water–Rock Interaction in Contrasting Landscapes.” Applied Geochemistry 24, no. 4: 574–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2008.12.011. Sheng, Y. Z., G. C. Wang, D. Zhao, et al. 2018. “Groundwater Microbial Communities Along a Generalized Flowpath in Nomhon Area, Qaidam Basin, China.” Groundwater 56, no. 5: 719–731. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12615. Sun, P. F., Z. Liu, Y. S. Li, et al. 2025. “Sources of Ore‐Forming Fluids and Co Metal in the Xiji Hydrothermal Cu‐Co Deposit, West Qinling Orogen: Constraints From S‐Sr Isotopes.” China Geology 8: 1–22. https://doi.org/10.31035/cg2025132. Wendong, L., and H. Xiumian. 2023. “Research Progress of Sand Composition in Modern River Sediments.” Acta Geologica Sinica 97, no. 9: 2975–2991. https://doi.org/10.19762/j.cnki.dizhixuebao.2023257. WHO. 2022. Guidelines for Drinking‐Water Quality. 4th ed. World Health Organization. Xia, Z., and M. J. Winnick. 2021. “The Competing Effects of Terrestrial Evapotranspiration and Raindrop Re‐Evaporation on the Deuterium Excess of Continental Precipitation.” Earth and Planetary Science Letters 572: 117120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.117120. Xiao, Y., Q. Hao, Y. Zhang, et al. 2022. “Investigating Sources, Driving Forces and Potential Health Risks of Nitrate and Fluoride in Groundwater of a Typical Alluvial Fan Plain.” Science of the Total Environment 802: 149909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149909. Xiao, Y., K. Liu, Q. Hao, et al. 2022. “Hydrogeochemical Insights Into the Signatures, Genesis and Sustainable Perspective of Nitrate Enriched Groundwater in the Piedmont of Hutuo Watershed, China.” Catena 212: 106020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2022.106020. Xiao, Y., L. Wang, J. Wang, et al. 2026. “Groundwater Hydrogeochemical Evolution and Driving Forces in a Typical Arid Closed Intermountain Basin on Tibetan Plateau: A Quantitative Framework.” Applied Geochemistry 198: 106711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2026.106711. Xiao, Y., Y. Zhang, H. Yang, et al. 2024. “Interaction Regimes of Surface Water and Groundwater in a Hyper‐Arid Endorheic Watershed on Tibetan Plateau: Insights From Multi‐Proxy Data.” Journal of Hydrology 644: 132020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132020. Yan, K., B. C. Li, J. B. Xu, et al. 2024. “Geochemical Characteristics, Genesis and Source Correlation of Permian Formation Water in the Western Sulige Gas Field and the Northern Part of Tianhuan Depression, Ordos Basin, China.” Earth Science and Environment 46, no. 5: 663–676. https://doi.org/10.19814/j.jese.2024.01027. Yang, N., L. Guo, G. Wang, L. Xiong, X. Song, and H. Li. 2024. “Application of Major Ions and Sr Isotopes to Indicate the Evolution of River Water and Shallow Groundwater Chemistry in a Typical Endorheic Watershed, Northwestern China.” Applied Geochemistry 175: 106182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2024.106182. Zhou, Y., Z. Ouyang, Z. Xu, et al. 2025. “Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Genesis of Jiusuo Geothermal Field in Southwestern Hainan, China.” Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology 44, no. 1: 216–228. https://doi.org/10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240242. Zhou, Y., L. Xiaorong, and W. Liubin. 2024. “Genetic Mechanism and Development Model of Dolostone Reservoirs of the Second Member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the Central‐Eastern Ordos Basin.” Acta Geologica Sinica 98, no. 12: 3552–3566. https://doi.org/10.19762/j.cnki.dizhixuebao.2024303. Zhu, Z., F. Kong, Z. Lei, et al. 2024. “Distribution Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Rubidium and Cesium in the Water Bodies of the Northern Hoh Xil Region.” Journal of Salt Lake Research 32, no. 5: 19–28. https://doi.org/10.3724/j.yhyj.2024090. |
| Grant Information: | 2024-ZJ-771 Applied Basic Research Project of Science and Technology Program of Qinghai Province; YJG-2022-JD04 Innovative Practice Bases of Geological Engineering and Surveying Engineering of Southwest Jiaotong University; 42477059 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 2682026QZ032 New Interdisciplinary Cultivation Fund Project of Southwest Jiaotong University |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Alpine region; fault control; hydrochemistry; isotope; mineral water; strontium |
| Substance Nomenclature: | YZS2RPE8LE (Strontium) 0 (Mineral Waters) 0 (Strontium Isotopes) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260918 Date Completed: 20260918 Latest Revision: 20260922 |
| Update Code: | 20260923 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/wer.70583 |
| PMID: | 42755209 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
καταχωρήστε σχόλιο πρώτοι!