Academic Journal
A review on fungal pathogens in the One Health framework: connecting plant, animal, and human health.
| Τίτλος: | A review on fungal pathogens in the One Health framework: connecting plant, animal, and human health. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Ali M; Department of Agriculture, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. dr.muhammadali@gcu.edu.pk., Sana S; Department of Microbiology, Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Nawaz HH; Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bozen, Bolzano, Italy., Amjad S; Department of Microbiology, Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Khan QF; Department of Microbiology, Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. |
| Πηγή: | Archives of microbiology [Arch Microbiol] 2026 Sep 17; Vol. 208 (12). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 17. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Review |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0410427 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-072X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03028933 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Arch Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Fungi*/drug effects , Fungi*/pathogenicity , Fungi*/genetics , Mycoses*/microbiology , Mycoses*/veterinary , Mycoses*/drug therapy , Plant Diseases*/microbiology , One Health*, Antifungal Agents/pharmacology ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Plants/microbiology ; Fungicides, Industrial/pharmacology ; Humans ; Animals ; Drug Resistance, Fungal |
| Περίληψη: | The growing burden of fungal diseases on human, animal, plant, and environmental health is a serious global problem that requires a "One Health" approach beyond disciplinary silos. Fungal diseases are often neglected, yet their prevalence and importance are increasing at an alarming rate. Complex interactions among different host organisms, coupled with human activities, anthropogenic environmental impacts, climate change, globalization, and antifungal drug use, particularly in agriculture, are significant contributing factors. The emergence and spread of resistance to existing antifungal agents is one of the most important consequences, leading to poor treatment outcomes in both clinical and agricultural settings. Azole fungicides used in crops have been associated with the selection of resistant strains in some fungi common in the environment and associated with human disease, such as Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp., which have a unique enzyme paralogue cyp51C, and efflux pumps that flush out the azoles, thereby leading directly to treatment failure. The article explains how fungal pathogens can affect each of the three pillars of One Health. In plant health, fungal infections affect food security and economic outcomes, while the use of fungicides for treatment can lead to cross-resistance with clinical medications. In animal health, fungal diseases affect livestock well-being and productivity, and animals act as reservoirs for the zoonotic transmission of resistant strains to humans. In human health, the impact on immunocompromised populations is high, as invasive fungal infections result in significant morbidity and mortality. Limited availability of antifungal drugs, diagnostic challenges, and limited surveillance. To combat these multifaceted, interconnected challenges, a collaborative, multisectoral approach is imperative. Looking ahead, future initiatives should emphasize genomic and eco-epidemiological research to elucidate the drivers of emergence, anticipate outbreaks, and identify emerging threats. In conclusion, addressing the global burden of fungal diseases necessitates a holistic One Health approach that aligns surveillance, research, policy, and public health interventions to preserve the efficacy of existing treatments and protect the health of all interconnected domains. (© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Antifungal resistance; Fungal pathogens; One Health |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Antifungal Agents) 0 (Fungicides, Industrial) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260917 Date Completed: 20260917 Latest Revision: 20260917 |
| Update Code: | 20260918 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00203-026-05211-y |
| PMID: | 42752633 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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