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Screening of largemouth bass-derived Bacillus subtilis and synergistic regulation of growth performance, intestinal health, and resistance against Edwardsiella piscicida infection.

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Τίτλος: Screening of largemouth bass-derived Bacillus subtilis and synergistic regulation of growth performance, intestinal health, and resistance against Edwardsiella piscicida infection.
Συγγραφείς: Zhang Y; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Zhang J; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Liang Y; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Huang W; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Wu W; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Chen X; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Jiang B; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China., Su Y; Guangdong Provincial Water Environment and Aquatic Products Security Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Biosafety and Intelligent Control for Aquatic Animals Diseases, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510222, Guangdong, China. youlusu@zhku.edu.cn.
Πηγή: Archives of microbiology [Arch Microbiol] 2026 Sep 15; Vol. 208 (12). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 15.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 0410427 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-072X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03028933 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Arch Microbiol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag.
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Bacillus subtilis*/isolation & purification , Bacillus subtilis*/physiology , Bacillus subtilis*/genetics , Probiotics*/administration & dosage , Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/veterinary , Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/immunology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections*/prevention & control , Fish Diseases*/microbiology , Fish Diseases*/immunology , Fish Diseases*/prevention & control , Bass*/microbiology , Bass*/growth & development , Bass*/immunology , Intestines*/microbiology , Intestines*/immunology , Edwardsiella*/physiology, Animal Feed/analysis ; Cytokines/genetics ; Animals ; Disease Resistance ; Aquaculture
Περίληψη: In this study, 49 intestinal bacterial isolates were recovered from healthy Micropterus salmoides, among which five candidate Bacillus subtilis strains were screened via multi-index in vitro evaluation. An 8-week feeding trial covering six treatment groups was conducted to assess growth performance and survival upon Edwardsiella piscicida immersion challenge. Two strains (YB-4 and YB-15) with 95% disease protection rates were selected for further intestinal histological, biochemical and qRT-PCR analyses. Dietary supplementation with YB-4 and YB-15 significantly improved feed conversion efficiency, increased intestinal villus height and muscular layer thickness, enhanced tissue antioxidant capacity, and modulated inflammatory and humoral immune gene expression toward an anti-inflammatory profile. Notably, YB-4 and YB-15 exhibited tissue-specific divergent regulation of key cytokines including TGF-β and IgM, representing a rarely reported strain-dependent immune characteristic of bass-derived B. subtilis. Collectively, YB-4 and YB-15 are promising autochthonous probiotic candidates that simultaneously promote growth, maintain intestinal homeostasis and defend against E. piscicida infection, providing targeted strain-based strategies to reduce antibiotic reliance in largemouth bass intensive aquaculture.
(© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Grant Information: KTP20240408 Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology-Rural Science and Technology commissioner Project; 2026CXTD15 Fourth Round of Guangdong Provincial Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Innovation Team Construction Project
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Micropterus salmoides; Disease resistance; Growth parameters
Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Cytokines)
SCR Organism: Edwardsiella piscicida
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260915 Date Completed: 20260915 Latest Revision: 20260915
Update Code: 20260916
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-026-05183-z
PMID: 42742739
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Label: MeSH Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis%22">Bacillus subtilis*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis+isolation+%26+purification%22">isolation & purification</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis%22">Bacillus subtilis*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis%22">Bacillus subtilis*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bacillus+subtilis+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Probiotics%22">Probiotics*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Probiotics+administration+%26+dosage%22">administration & dosage</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections%22">Enterobacteriaceae Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections+veterinary%22">veterinary</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections%22">Enterobacteriaceae Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections%22">Enterobacteriaceae Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections%22">Enterobacteriaceae Infections*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Enterobacteriaceae+Infections+prevention+%26+control%22">prevention & control</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases%22">Fish Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases%22">Fish Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases%22">Fish Diseases*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Fish+Diseases+prevention+%26+control%22">prevention & control</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass%22">Bass*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass%22">Bass*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass+growth+%26+development%22">growth & development</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass%22">Bass*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Bass+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intestines%22">Intestines*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intestines+microbiology%22">microbiology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intestines%22">Intestines*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Intestines+immunology%22">immunology</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Edwardsiella%22">Edwardsiella*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Edwardsiella+physiology%22">physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animal+Feed%22">Animal Feed</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animal+Feed+analysis%22">analysis</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Cytokines%22">Cytokines</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Cytokines+genetics%22">genetics</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Animals%22">Animals</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Disease+Resistance%22">Disease Resistance</searchLink> ; <searchLink fieldCode="MH" term="%22Aquaculture%22">Aquaculture</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In this study, 49 intestinal bacterial isolates were recovered from healthy Micropterus salmoides, among which five candidate Bacillus subtilis strains were screened via multi-index in vitro evaluation. An 8-week feeding trial covering six treatment groups was conducted to assess growth performance and survival upon Edwardsiella piscicida immersion challenge. Two strains (YB-4 and YB-15) with 95% disease protection rates were selected for further intestinal histological, biochemical and qRT-PCR analyses. Dietary supplementation with YB-4 and YB-15 significantly improved feed conversion efficiency, increased intestinal villus height and muscular layer thickness, enhanced tissue antioxidant capacity, and modulated inflammatory and humoral immune gene expression toward an anti-inflammatory profile. Notably, YB-4 and YB-15 exhibited tissue-specific divergent regulation of key cytokines including TGF-β and IgM, representing a rarely reported strain-dependent immune characteristic of bass-derived B. subtilis. Collectively, YB-4 and YB-15 are promising autochthonous probiotic candidates that simultaneously promote growth, maintain intestinal homeostasis and defend against E. piscicida infection, providing targeted strain-based strategies to reduce antibiotic reliance in largemouth bass intensive aquaculture.<br /> (© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Competing Interests
  Group: Ab
  Data: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
– Name: Ref
  Label: References
  Group: RefInfo
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  Group: Grant
  Data: KTP20240408 Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology-Rural Science and Technology commissioner Project; 2026CXTD15 Fourth Round of Guangdong Provincial Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Innovation Team Construction Project
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Bacillus subtilis; Micropterus salmoides; Disease resistance; Growth parameters
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        Text: English
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              Text: 2026 Sep 15
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