Academic Journal
Inter-crystal scatter recovery of a light-sharing depth-encoding Prism-PET prototype scanner using a diffusion model.
| Τίτλος: | Inter-crystal scatter recovery of a light-sharing depth-encoding Prism-PET prototype scanner using a diffusion model. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Tan W; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA., Dosi S; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA., Shabani Sichani S; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.; Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA., Li Y; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA., Wang Z; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA., Petersen E; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA., Zeng X; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA., Qi J; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA., Goldan AH; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA. |
| Πηγή: | Medical physics [Med Phys] 2026 Sep; Vol. 53 (9), pp. e70661. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: John Wiley and Sons, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0425746 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2473-4209 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00942405 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Med Phys Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: 2017- : Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Original Publication: Lancaster, Pa., Published for the American Assn. of Physicists in Medicine by the American Institute of Physics. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Positron-Emission Tomography*/instrumentation , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted*/methods , Scattering, Radiation* , Light*, Diffusion ; Monte Carlo Method |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Inter-crystal scattering (ICS) is a fundamental limitation in ultra-high resolution positron emission tomography (PET), particularly in light-sharing detectors with small crystal elements, where frequent Compton scatter across neighboring crystals obscures the initial interaction position and degrades the spatial resolution, image contrast, and quantitative accuracy. In our previous work, a convolutional neural network, Recovery-Net, was proposed and evaluated to recover the crystal location and depth-of-interaction (DOI) of the initial interaction in a light-sharing depth-encoding Prism-PET detector using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Purpose: This work aims to develop and experimentally validate a scanner-level ICS recovery framework for a light-sharing depth-encoding Prism-PET prototype scanner using a diffusion model. Methods: We first developed a novel method to prepare the training dataset by combining scanner-level simulations with experimental measurements. The resulting dataset comprises an 8 × 8 array of silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) signals for each ICS event with associated ground-truth information, including crystal location, DOI, and deposited energy of the initial interaction. Using the SiPM signal patterns as input, we proposed a new diffusion-driven and physics-informed tripartite framework, named D3Recovery, to estimate the 3D position and deposited energy of the initial interaction. The previously proposed Recovery-Net was also implemented and evaluated for comparison. An ultra-micro Derenzo phantom and a 3D Hoffman brain phantom from the Prism-PET prototype scanner experiment were used to evaluate the impact of ICS recovery on image quality. Results: Recovery-Net and D3Recovery achieved crystal identification accuracies of 64.1% and 70.1% for ICS events, respectively, with D3Recovery further improving DOI estimation to a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 3.6 mm compared with 5.1 mm for Recovery-Net. Compared with center-of-gravity (CoG) positioning, D3Recovery reduced the mean crystal localization error from 2.18 mm to 0.99 mm and recovered the deposited energy with an error FWHM of 34.0 keV. For the ultra-micro Derenzo phantom images, Recovery-Net and D3Recovery increased peak-to-valley ratios by 13% and 24% for ICS events and by 14% and 17% for all events, respectively. For the Hoffman brain phantom, Recovery-Net and D3Recovery reduced mean absolute error (MAE) by 15.53% and 17.84% for ICS events and by 16.22% and 18.63% for all events, while increasing structural similarity index measure (SSIM) by 14.59% and 15.60% for ICS events and by 4.60% and 4.75% for all events, respectively. In addition, standard deviation (SD) measured in a uniform region decreased by 12.56% and 20.88% for ICS events, and by 5.26% and 8.48% for all events with Recovery-Net and D3Recovery, respectively. Conclusions: Experimental results demonstrate that D3Recovery significantly improves crystal localization, DOI estimation, and reconstructed image quality in high-resolution PET with small-crystal, light-sharing detectors, while providing a practical scanner-level training dataset acquisition strategy for experimental deployment of AI-based ICS recovery. By retaining a large fraction (∼70% in our case) of otherwise discarded coincidences, our results show that we achieve a favorable resolution-sensitivity balance that is most beneficial in count-limited, low-dose imaging. (© 2026 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.) |
| References: | Phys Med Biol. 2020 Sep 24;65(19):195005. (PMID: 32575086) Phys Med Biol. 2018 Sep 10;63(18):185005. (PMID: 30113313) Med Phys. 2023 Jan 18;:. (PMID: 36651630) Phys Med Biol. 2018 Jun 07;63(11):115015. (PMID: 29658493) Phys Med Biol. 2019 Oct 10;64(20):205004. (PMID: 31530747) Med Phys. 2025 Jan;52(1):201-218. (PMID: 39422495) Med Phys. 2022 Jul;49(7):4430-4444. (PMID: 35390182) J Nucl Med. 2020 Oct;61(10):1528-1533. (PMID: 32111684) Phys Med Biol. 2007 Jul 7;52(13):3753-72. (PMID: 17664575) Biomed Eng Lett. 2024 Sep 17;14(6):1243-1258. (PMID: 39465104) Phys Med Biol. 2024 Feb 02;69(3):. (PMID: 38169459) Med Phys. 2024 Jun;51(6):4044-4055. (PMID: 38682574) Phys Med Biol. 2004 Oct 7;49(19):4543-61. (PMID: 15552416) Phys Med Biol. 2025 Sep 02;70(17):. (PMID: 40840501) IEEE Trans Nucl Sci. 2015 Jun;62(3):740-747. (PMID: 26478600) Phys Med Biol. 2021 Sep 09;66(18):. (PMID: 34438380) Phys Med Biol. 2023 Apr 26;68(9):. (PMID: 37019126) Med Phys. 2021 Mar;48(3):1019-1025. (PMID: 33305482) Phys Med Biol. 2006 Jun 7;51(11):2919-37. (PMID: 16723775) Phys Med Biol. 2020 Jul 20;65(14):145008. (PMID: 32325448) |
| Grant Information: | R01 EB030413 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS; U01 AG082845 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; U01AG082845 United States AG NIA NIH HHS; R01EB030413 United States EB NIBIB NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: diffusion model; inter‐crystal scatter (ICS) recovery; positron emission tomography (PET) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260915 Date Completed: 20260915 Latest Revision: 20260924 |
| Update Code: | 20260924 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13575447 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/mp.70661 |
| PMID: | 42740403 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
καταχωρήστε σχόλιο πρώτοι!