Academic Journal
The Influence of Fatty Acid Expression Methods on Associations with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2012.
| Τίτλος: | The Influence of Fatty Acid Expression Methods on Associations with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers: Evidence from NHANES 2011-2012. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Hallmark B; BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA., Zec MM; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA., Johnstone L; School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA., Standage-Beier CS; School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA., Sergeant S; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA., Snider JM; School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA., Brenna JT; Dell Pediatric Research Institute, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA.; Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA.; Department of Nutrition, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA., Chilton FH; BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.; School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, College of Agriculture Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.; Center for Precision Nutrition and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.; Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64710, Mexico. |
| Πηγή: | Nutrients [Nutrients] 2026 Sep 04; Vol. 18 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 04. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Fatty Acids*/blood, Biomarkers/blood ; Linoleic Acid/blood ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/blood ; Arachidonic Acid/blood ; Docosahexaenoic Acids/blood ; Stearic Acids/blood ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; Middle Aged |
| Περίληψη: | Background/Objectives: Fatty acids (FAs) are critical mediators of human physiology, yet associations between dietary intake, circulating FA levels, and health outcomes remain debated. Circulating FAs are typically reported as a percentage of total FA (% total), whereas absolute concentrations are measured infrequently. Although mathematically related, these metrics provide distinct information. NHANES 2011-2012 uniquely provided serum FA concentrations, enabling direct comparison of concentration and % total within the same individuals. Methods: Serum FAs measured by electron capture negative-ion mass spectrometry in NHANES 2011-2012 were expressed as both absolute concentrations (µmol/L) and % total. Associations of each representation with lipid and non-lipid cardiometabolic biomarkers were evaluated and compared with total FA concentrations. Results: For multiple FAs and biomarkers, the direction of association differed depending on whether FAs were expressed as concentration or % total. These reversals occurred when total FAs varied more strongly with the biomarker than the individual FA concentration, allowing a FA to increase in absolute concentration while decreasing as a percentage of the total FA pool. Reversals were observed for several major FAs, including linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (ARA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and stearic acid (SA). Total FA concentrations were strongly associated with most biomarkers. Conclusions: FA concentrations and % total are complementary, not interchangeable, measures that capture distinct aspects of circulating FA biology. Associations with outcomes can be in opposite directions when the total plasma FA pool varies. These differences reflect underlying mathematical and biological relationships rather than methodological error. Future studies should routinely evaluate the total FA pool size alongside FA composition. Examining both representations alongside total FA can help distinguish changes in absolute FA abundance from changes in relative composition and provide a more complete interpretation of FA associations. |
| Σχόλια: | Update of: medRxiv. 2025 Nov 20:2025.11.19.25340593. doi: 10.1101/2025.11.19.25340593.. (PMID: 41332856) |
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| Grant Information: | R01 AT008621 United States AT NCCIH NIH HHS; 2R01AT008621-07 United States NH NIH HHS |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: PUFAs; fat Recommendations; fatty acids; linoleic acid; lipid biology |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Biomarkers) 0 (Fatty Acids) 9KJL21T0QJ (Linoleic Acid) 0 (Fatty Acids, Unsaturated) 27YG812J1I (Arachidonic Acid) NS3OZT14QT (docosapentaenoic acid) 25167-62-8 (Docosahexaenoic Acids) 4ELV7Z65AP (stearic acid) 0 (Stearic Acids) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260915 Date Completed: 20260915 Latest Revision: 20260922 |
| Update Code: | 20260922 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13566945 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu18172905 |
| PMID: | 42739077 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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