Academic Journal

Mapping Global Research Trends in Post-Mortem Interval Estimation: A Bibliometric Analysis (2015-2025).

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: Mapping Global Research Trends in Post-Mortem Interval Estimation: A Bibliometric Analysis (2015-2025).
Συγγραφείς: Kumar N; Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India., Yadav CS; School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Science University, Guwahati, Assam, India., Verma K; School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., Awasthi KK; School of Basic and Applied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Πηγή: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica [APMIS] 2026 Sep; Vol. 134 (9), pp. e70263.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article; Review
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Munksgaard Country of Publication: Denmark NLM ID: 8803400 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1600-0463 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09034641 NLM ISO Abbreviation: APMIS Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: Copenhagen : Munksgaard
Original Publication: Copenhagen : Munksgaard, c1988-
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Forensic Sciences*/trends , Bibliometrics* , Postmortem Changes*, Humans ; Autopsy
Περίληψη: This bibliometric analysis reveals a substantial increase in global research on postmortem interval (PMI) estimation over the last decade, reflecting growing scientific interest in molecular, omics-based, and data-driven approaches. The bibliometric findings indicate growing research attention toward advanced analytical techniques and interdisciplinary approaches in forensic science. This bibliometric analysis examined Scopus-indexed literature on postmortem interval estimation published between 2015 and 2025. Using VOSviewer, 643 retrieved records were screened, and 497 eligible research articles were analyzed to evaluate publication trends, leading journals, countries, institutions, authors, and keyword co-occurrence and co-citation networks. The analysis revealed a significant and sustained increase in publications over the last two years, reflecting increasing scientific interest in emerging technologies for PMI estimation research. The co-citation analysis identified foundational works that define modern research trends in PMI estimation. Overall, the bibliometric evidence suggests a growing integration of conventional postmortem examination methods with molecular, omics-based, and computational approaches in the scientific literature on PMI estimation.
(© 2026 APMIS ‐ Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology.)
References: J. O. Obafunwa, A. Roe, and L. Higley, “A Review of the Estimation of Postmortem Interval Using Forensic Entomology,” Medicine, Science and the Law 65 (2025): 52–64, https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024241275893.
J. Amendt, C. S. Richards, C. P. Campobasso, R. Zehner, and M. J. R. Hall, “Forensic Entomology: Applications and Limitations,” Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 7 (2011): 379–392, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐010‐9209‐2.
J. Singh, A. Kumar, S. Trivedi, and S. K. Pandey, “Advancements in Estimating Post‐Mortem Interval in Medico‐Legal Practice: A Comprehensive Review,” Legal Medicine 75 (2025): 102627, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102627.
S. C. Zapico and J. Adserias‐Garriga, “Postmortem Interval Estimation: New Approaches by the Analysis of Human Tissues and Microbial Communities' Changes,” Forensic Science 2 (2022): 163–174, https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2010013.
L. Secco, S. Palumbi, P. Padalino, et al., ““Omics” and Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26 (2025): 1034, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031034.
A. A. AlJuhani, R. M. Desoky, A. A. Binshalhoub, M. J. Alzahrani, M. S. Alraythi, and F. F. Alzahrani, “Advances in Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning and Metabolomics Across Various Tissue Types,” Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 21 (2025): 1428–1446, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐025‐01026‐3.
I. R. Turlea and G. C. Curca, “Recent Advances in Forensic Medicine at the Horizon of Omics Sciences and New Biomarkers for Postmortem Interval Estimation,” Maedica 20 (2025): 851–863, https://doi.org/10.26574/maedica.2025.20.4.851.
G. An, Y. Gao, S. Cheng, et al., “Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Pathology: Multi‐Organ Postmortem Pathomics for Estimating Postmortem Interval,” Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 270 (2025): 108949, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.108949.
E. A. Zelentsova, L. V. Yanshole, A. D. Melnikov, I. S. Kudryavtsev, V. P. Novoselov, and Y. P. Tsentalovich, “Post‐Mortem Changes in Metabolomic Profiles of Human Serum, Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Humor,” Metabolomics 16 (2020): 80, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306‐020‐01700‐3.
P. V. Menon and G. B. Aravind, “Insights Into Post‐Mortem Interval Estimation: Exploring Biological Markers and Their Significance,” Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 42 (2025): 107–115, https://doi.org/10.48165/jfmt.2025.42.1.17.
S. Shao, L. Yang, G. Hu, L. Li, Y. Wang, and L. Tao, “Application of Omics Techniques in Forensic Entomology Research,” Acta Tropica 246 (2023): 106985, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106985.
R. Sharma, A. R. Bhute, and B. K. Bastia, “Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technology for the Prediction of Postmortem Interval: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies,” Forensic Science International 340 (2022): 111473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111473.
N. Kumar, “Pharmacology Through the Lens of Bibliometrics: Global Trends, Research Hotspots, and Collaborations (2015–2026),” Naunyn‐Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 399, no. 11 (2026): 17451–17467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210‐026‐05470‐y.
N. J. Van Eck and L. Waltman, “Software Survey: VOSviewer, a Computer Program for Bibliometric Mapping,” Scientometrics 84 (2010): 523–538, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192‐009‐0146‐3.
B. Madea, “Methods for Determining Time of Death,” Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 12 (2016): 451–485, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐016‐9776‐y.
J. Amendt, C. P. Campobasso, E. Gaudry, C. Reiter, and H. N. LeBlanc, “Best Practice in Forensic Entomology—Standards and Guidelines,” International Journal of Legal Medicine 121 (2007): 90–104, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414‐006‐0086‐x.
C. Henßge and B. Madea, “Estimation of the Time Since Death in the Early Post‐Mortem Period,” Forensic Science International 144 (2004): 167–175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.051.
J. H. Byrd and J. K. Tomberlin, eds., Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations, 3rd ed. (CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351163767.
C. Henssge, “Death Time Estimation in Case Work. I. The Rectal Temperature Time of Death Nomogram,” Forensic Science International 38 (1988): 209–236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0379‐0738(88)90168‐5.
C. Henssge and B. Madea, “Estimation of the Time Since Death,” Forensic Science International 165 (2007): 182–184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.017.
C. M. Milroy, “Book: Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains,” BMJ 319 (1999): 458, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7207.458.
B. Madea, “Is There Recent Progress in the Estimation of the Postmortem Interval by Means of Thanatochemistry?,” Forensic Science International 151 (2005): 139–149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.01.013.
J. W. Brooks, “Postmortem Changes in Animal Carcasses and Estimation of the Postmortem Interval,” Veterinary Pathology 53 (2016): 929–940, https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985816629720.
G. Strete, A. Sălcudean, A.‐A. Cozma, and C.‐C. Radu, “Current Understanding and Future Research Direction for Estimating the Postmortem Interval: A Systematic Review,” Diagnostics 15 (2025): 1954, https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151954.
M. J. Teixeira, D. J. Barbosa, R. J. Dinis‐Oliveira, and A. R. Freitas, “Redefining Postmortem Interval Estimation: The Need for Evidence‐Based Research to Bridge Science and Justice,” Frontiers in Microbiology 16 (2025): 1646907, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1646907.
N. Wenzlow, D. Mills, J. Byrd, M. Warren, and M. T. Long, “Review of the Current and Potential Use of Biological and Molecular Methods for the Estimation of the Postmortem Interval in Animals and Humans,” Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 35 (2023): 97–108, https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387231153930.
B. C. McCleskey, D. W. Dye, and G. G. Davis, “Review of Postmortem Interval Estimation Using Vitreous Humor: Past, Present, and Future,” Academic Forensic Pathology 6 (2016): 12–18, https://doi.org/10.23907/2016.002.
J. L. Ruiz López and M. Partido Navadijo, “Estimation of the Post‐Mortem Interval: A Review,” Forensic Science International 369 (2025): 112412, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112412.
A. Ajayan, G. B. Aravind, H. V. Chandrakanth, and T. Kanchan, “Trends in Estimation of Post‐Mortem Interval Using Instrumental Analysis,” Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 42 (2025): 89–99, https://doi.org/10.48165/jfmt.2025.42.3.15.
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: bibliometric analysis; forensic science; machine learning; omics technologies; postmortem interval estimation
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260914 Date Completed: 20260914 Latest Revision: 20260922
Update Code: 20260923
PubMed Central ID: PMC13573652
DOI: 10.1111/apm.70263
PMID: 42734316
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kumar+N%22">Kumar N</searchLink>; Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yadav+CS%22">Yadav CS</searchLink>; School of Forensic Science, National Forensic Science University, Guwahati, Assam, India.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Verma+K%22">Verma K</searchLink>; School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Institute of Advanced Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Awasthi+KK%22">Awasthi KK</searchLink>; School of Basic and Applied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
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  Data: This bibliometric analysis reveals a substantial increase in global research on postmortem interval (PMI) estimation over the last decade, reflecting growing scientific interest in molecular, omics-based, and data-driven approaches. The bibliometric findings indicate growing research attention toward advanced analytical techniques and interdisciplinary approaches in forensic science. This bibliometric analysis examined Scopus-indexed literature on postmortem interval estimation published between 2015 and 2025. Using VOSviewer, 643 retrieved records were screened, and 497 eligible research articles were analyzed to evaluate publication trends, leading journals, countries, institutions, authors, and keyword co-occurrence and co-citation networks. The analysis revealed a significant and sustained increase in publications over the last two years, reflecting increasing scientific interest in emerging technologies for PMI estimation research. The co-citation analysis identified foundational works that define modern research trends in PMI estimation. Overall, the bibliometric evidence suggests a growing integration of conventional postmortem examination methods with molecular, omics-based, and computational approaches in the scientific literature on PMI estimation.<br /> (© 2026 APMIS ‐ Journal of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology.)
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  Data: J. O. Obafunwa, A. Roe, and L. Higley, “A Review of the Estimation of Postmortem Interval Using Forensic Entomology,” Medicine, Science and the Law 65 (2025): 52–64, https://doi.org/10.1177/00258024241275893.<br />J. Amendt, C. S. Richards, C. P. Campobasso, R. Zehner, and M. J. R. Hall, “Forensic Entomology: Applications and Limitations,” Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 7 (2011): 379–392, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐010‐9209‐2.<br />J. Singh, A. Kumar, S. Trivedi, and S. K. Pandey, “Advancements in Estimating Post‐Mortem Interval in Medico‐Legal Practice: A Comprehensive Review,” Legal Medicine 75 (2025): 102627, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2025.102627.<br />S. C. Zapico and J. Adserias‐Garriga, “Postmortem Interval Estimation: New Approaches by the Analysis of Human Tissues and Microbial Communities' Changes,” Forensic Science 2 (2022): 163–174, https://doi.org/10.3390/forensicsci2010013.<br />L. Secco, S. Palumbi, P. Padalino, et al., ““Omics” and Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26 (2025): 1034, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031034.<br />A. A. AlJuhani, R. M. Desoky, A. A. Binshalhoub, M. J. Alzahrani, M. S. Alraythi, and F. F. Alzahrani, “Advances in Postmortem Interval Estimation: A Systematic Review of Machine Learning and Metabolomics Across Various Tissue Types,” Forensic Science, Medicine, and Pathology 21 (2025): 1428–1446, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐025‐01026‐3.<br />I. R. Turlea and G. C. Curca, “Recent Advances in Forensic Medicine at the Horizon of Omics Sciences and New Biomarkers for Postmortem Interval Estimation,” Maedica 20 (2025): 851–863, https://doi.org/10.26574/maedica.2025.20.4.851.<br />G. An, Y. Gao, S. Cheng, et al., “Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Pathology: Multi‐Organ Postmortem Pathomics for Estimating Postmortem Interval,” Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 270 (2025): 108949, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2025.108949.<br />E. A. Zelentsova, L. V. Yanshole, A. D. Melnikov, I. S. Kudryavtsev, V. P. Novoselov, and Y. P. Tsentalovich, “Post‐Mortem Changes in Metabolomic Profiles of Human Serum, Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Humor,” Metabolomics 16 (2020): 80, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306‐020‐01700‐3.<br />P. V. Menon and G. B. Aravind, “Insights Into Post‐Mortem Interval Estimation: Exploring Biological Markers and Their Significance,” Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 42 (2025): 107–115, https://doi.org/10.48165/jfmt.2025.42.1.17.<br />S. Shao, L. Yang, G. Hu, L. Li, Y. Wang, and L. Tao, “Application of Omics Techniques in Forensic Entomology Research,” Acta Tropica 246 (2023): 106985, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106985.<br />R. Sharma, A. R. Bhute, and B. K. Bastia, “Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Technology for the Prediction of Postmortem Interval: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies,” Forensic Science International 340 (2022): 111473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2022.111473.<br />N. Kumar, “Pharmacology Through the Lens of Bibliometrics: Global Trends, Research Hotspots, and Collaborations (2015–2026),” Naunyn‐Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 399, no. 11 (2026): 17451–17467, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210‐026‐05470‐y.<br />N. J. Van Eck and L. Waltman, “Software Survey: VOSviewer, a Computer Program for Bibliometric Mapping,” Scientometrics 84 (2010): 523–538, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192‐009‐0146‐3.<br />B. Madea, “Methods for Determining Time of Death,” Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology 12 (2016): 451–485, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024‐016‐9776‐y.<br />J. Amendt, C. P. Campobasso, E. Gaudry, C. Reiter, and H. N. LeBlanc, “Best Practice in Forensic Entomology—Standards and Guidelines,” International Journal of Legal Medicine 121 (2007): 90–104, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414‐006‐0086‐x.<br />C. Henßge and B. Madea, “Estimation of the Time Since Death in the Early Post‐Mortem Period,” Forensic Science International 144 (2004): 167–175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.04.051.<br />J. H. Byrd and J. K. Tomberlin, eds., Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations, 3rd ed. (CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020), https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351163767.<br />C. Henssge, “Death Time Estimation in Case Work. I. The Rectal Temperature Time of Death Nomogram,” Forensic Science International 38 (1988): 209–236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0379‐0738(88)90168‐5.<br />C. Henssge and B. Madea, “Estimation of the Time Since Death,” Forensic Science International 165 (2007): 182–184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.05.017.<br />C. M. Milroy, “Book: Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains,” BMJ 319 (1999): 458, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7207.458.<br />B. Madea, “Is There Recent Progress in the Estimation of the Postmortem Interval by Means of Thanatochemistry?,” Forensic Science International 151 (2005): 139–149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.01.013.<br />J. W. Brooks, “Postmortem Changes in Animal Carcasses and Estimation of the Postmortem Interval,” Veterinary Pathology 53 (2016): 929–940, https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985816629720.<br />G. Strete, A. Sălcudean, A.‐A. Cozma, and C.‐C. Radu, “Current Understanding and Future Research Direction for Estimating the Postmortem Interval: A Systematic Review,” Diagnostics 15 (2025): 1954, https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15151954.<br />M. J. Teixeira, D. J. Barbosa, R. J. Dinis‐Oliveira, and A. R. Freitas, “Redefining Postmortem Interval Estimation: The Need for Evidence‐Based Research to Bridge Science and Justice,” Frontiers in Microbiology 16 (2025): 1646907, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1646907.<br />N. Wenzlow, D. Mills, J. Byrd, M. Warren, and M. T. Long, “Review of the Current and Potential Use of Biological and Molecular Methods for the Estimation of the Postmortem Interval in Animals and Humans,” Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 35 (2023): 97–108, https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387231153930.<br />B. C. McCleskey, D. W. Dye, and G. G. Davis, “Review of Postmortem Interval Estimation Using Vitreous Humor: Past, Present, and Future,” Academic Forensic Pathology 6 (2016): 12–18, https://doi.org/10.23907/2016.002.<br />J. L. Ruiz López and M. Partido Navadijo, “Estimation of the Post‐Mortem Interval: A Review,” Forensic Science International 369 (2025): 112412, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112412.<br />A. Ajayan, G. B. Aravind, H. V. Chandrakanth, and T. Kanchan, “Trends in Estimation of Post‐Mortem Interval Using Instrumental Analysis,” Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 42 (2025): 89–99, https://doi.org/10.48165/jfmt.2025.42.3.15.
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