Academic Journal
Design and preclinical evaluation of a pH-responsive combined drug in situ gel for management of cellulitis.
| Τίτλος: | Design and preclinical evaluation of a pH-responsive combined drug in situ gel for management of cellulitis. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Maiti AK; NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata Group of Institutions, Kolkata, India., Mukherjee M; Bhawanipur Global Campus, Kolkata, India., Datta A; Bhawanipur Global Campus, Kolkata, India. Electronic address: adatta75@gmail.com., Bhakta P; Bhawanipur Global Campus, Kolkata, India. |
| Πηγή: | International journal of pharmaceutics [Int J Pharm] 2026 Oct 05; Vol. 703, pp. 127371. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 02. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 7804127 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-3476 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03785173 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Pharm Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press. |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Cellulitis*/drug therapy , Cellulitis*/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology , Ofloxacin*/administration & dosage , Ofloxacin*/chemistry , Ofloxacin*/pharmacokinetics , Ofloxacin*/pharmacology , Lidocaine*/administration & dosage , Lidocaine*/chemistry, Nanoparticles/chemistry ; Nanoparticles/administration & dosage ; Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects ; Animals ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Gels ; Drug Liberation ; Male ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Particle Size |
| Περίληψη: | Global disease patterns are being rapidly reshaped by environmental changes such as rising temperatures, pollution, and more frequent natural disasters. Notable effects include a rise in skin infections, such as cellulitis, as well as upper respiratory and urinary tract infections. Cellulitis, an acute bacterial infection predominantly caused by S. aureus and Streptococcus species, is clinically challenging due to recurrence, primarily because of antimicrobial resistance and limitations of standard systemic therapies. Oral antibiotics like ofloxacin, though effective, are associated with significant suboptimal drug localization, systemic adverse effects and necessitate reliable and more targeted therapeutic approaches. This study reports the development and optimization of a pH-sensitive nanoparticle-loaded in situ gel for the local management of cellulitis. As the encapsulating polymer, Eudragit® S100 was used to load Ofloxacin via the nanoprecipitation method and optimized through Design of Experiments, achieving high entrapment efficiency of ∼96% and a nano size of 85-110 nm. These nanoparticles were incorporated into a Carbopol-HPMC-based in situ gel containing lidocaine to provide immediate pain-relieving action. The system exhibited pH-triggered sol-gel transition, enhanced viscosity under simulated wound conditions, and sustained drug release following controlled kinetics. In vitro and ex vivo studies demonstrated prolonged drug release post permeation, effective antimicrobial activity driven by MIC and MBC tests, and improved retention. In vivo evaluation in S. aureus-infected rat models confirmed reduced lesion severity, absence of skin irritation, inflammation and accelerated healing. Overall, this dual-delivery platform renders a promising scheme for concurrent pain management and sustained antimicrobial therapy, potentially improving patient compliance by altering therapeutic outcomes in cellulitis treatment. (Copyright © 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.) |
| Competing Interests: | Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. |
| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Cellulitis; In situ gel; Ofloxacin; Sustained antimicrobial therapy; pH-responsive drug delivery |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Gels) 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) A4P49JAZ9H (Ofloxacin) 98PI200987 (Lidocaine) 0 (Delayed-Action Preparations) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260902 Date Completed: 20260919 Latest Revision: 20260919 |
| Update Code: | 20260920 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2026.127371 |
| PMID: | 42685878 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
καταχωρήστε σχόλιο πρώτοι!