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GATE/Geant4 simulation of key dosimetric correction factors for alanine dosimetry in12C ion beams.

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Τίτλος: GATE/Geant4 simulation of key dosimetric correction factors for alanine dosimetry in12C ion beams.
Συγγραφείς: Saße P; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.; Department of Radiation Therapy and Specialised Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany., Stolzenberg J; Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Gießen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany., Baumann K; Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Gießen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany.; Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center, Marburg, Germany.; LOEWE Research Cluster for Advanced Medical Physics in Imaging and Therapy (ADMIT), TH Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany., Delfs V; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany., Kapsch RP; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany., Palmans H; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom.; MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiene Neustadt, Austria., Poppe B; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany., Looe HK; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
Πηγή: Physics in medicine and biology [Phys Med Biol] 2026 Sep 11; Vol. 71 (17). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 11.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: IOP Publishing Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0401220 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1361-6560 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00319155 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Phys Med Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Original Publication: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Radiometry*/methods , Alanine* , Monte Carlo Method* , Carbon*
Περίληψη: Objective.Alanine has been used frequently as a reference dosimeter in clinical dosimetry. However, its high LET dependence poses a challenge for practical applications. Determination of the required beam quality correction factors requires Monte Carlo simulations. This makes the application of alanine infeasible if dedicated Monte Carlo tools or computing resources are not available. This work sets out to determine generalized alanine correction factors in clinical12C beams.Approach.Mathematical expressions were established to parametrize dosimetric correction factors. Spectral fluences in 429 MeV u-1mono-energetic and a range modulated 278 MeV u-1 12C beams were simulated at multiple depths along the central beam axis using GATE/Geant4. Beam quality correction factors were determined in water and in alanine-paraffin pellets.Main results.Analytical expressions for the water-to-medium stopping-power ratios and the beam quality correction factor were obtained. The analytical expressions represent correction factors that are well within the confidence interval, except at the Bragg peak and the distal edge of the spread-out Bragg peak. These points were found to be unsuitable for measurement using alanine standard dosimeters due to the high perturbation factors.Significance.The results allow alanine dosimetry to be performed for mono-energetic and range-modulated beams without prior Monte Carlo simulations for beam configurations investigated in this work. This greatly reduces the effort associated with practical alanine dosimetry.
(Creative Commons Attribution license.)
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Geant4; Monte Carlo; alanine; carbon ion; dosimetry; gate; parametrization
Substance Nomenclature: OF5P57N2ZX (Alanine)
7440-44-0 (Carbon)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260902 Date Completed: 20260911 Latest Revision: 20260911
Update Code: 20260911
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aea1d6
PMID: 42685798
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: GATE/Geant4 simulation of key dosimetric correction factors for alanine dosimetry in<superscript>12</superscript>C ion beams.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Saße+P%22">Saße P</searchLink>; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.; Department of Radiation Therapy and Specialised Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stolzenberg+J%22">Stolzenberg J</searchLink>; Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Gießen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Baumann+K%22">Baumann K</searchLink>; Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Gießen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany.; Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center, Marburg, Germany.; LOEWE Research Cluster for Advanced Medical Physics in Imaging and Therapy (ADMIT), TH Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Delfs+V%22">Delfs V</searchLink>; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kapsch+RP%22">Kapsch RP</searchLink>; Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Palmans+H%22">Palmans H</searchLink>; National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom.; MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiene Neustadt, Austria.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Poppe+B%22">Poppe B</searchLink>; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Looe+HK%22">Looe HK</searchLink>; University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Medical Campus Pius Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%220401220%22">Physics in medicine and biology</searchLink> [Phys Med Biol] 2026 Sep 11; Vol. 71 (17). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Sep 11.
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  Data: Journal Article
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  Data: English
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22IOP+Publishing%22">IOP Publishing </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>0401220 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1361-6560 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2200319155%22">00319155 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Phys Med Biol <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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  Data: <i>Original Publication</i>: Bristol : IOP Publishing
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  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiometry%22">Radiometry*</searchLink>/<searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Radiometry+methods%22">methods</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Alanine%22">Alanine*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Monte+Carlo+Method%22">Monte Carlo Method*</searchLink> <br /><searchLink fieldCode="MM" term="%22Carbon%22">Carbon*</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objective.Alanine has been used frequently as a reference dosimeter in clinical dosimetry. However, its high LET dependence poses a challenge for practical applications. Determination of the required beam quality correction factors requires Monte Carlo simulations. This makes the application of alanine infeasible if dedicated Monte Carlo tools or computing resources are not available. This work sets out to determine generalized alanine correction factors in clinical<superscript>12</superscript>C beams.Approach.Mathematical expressions were established to parametrize dosimetric correction factors. Spectral fluences in 429 MeV u<superscript>-1</superscript>mono-energetic and a range modulated 278 MeV u<superscript>-1 12</superscript>C beams were simulated at multiple depths along the central beam axis using GATE/Geant4. Beam quality correction factors were determined in water and in alanine-paraffin pellets.Main results.Analytical expressions for the water-to-medium stopping-power ratios and the beam quality correction factor were obtained. The analytical expressions represent correction factors that are well within the confidence interval, except at the Bragg peak and the distal edge of the spread-out Bragg peak. These points were found to be unsuitable for measurement using alanine standard dosimeters due to the high perturbation factors.Significance.The results allow alanine dosimetry to be performed for mono-energetic and range-modulated beams without prior Monte Carlo simulations for beam configurations investigated in this work. This greatly reduces the effort associated with practical alanine dosimetry.<br /> (Creative Commons Attribution license.)
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  Data: <i>Keywords: </i>Geant4; Monte Carlo; alanine; carbon ion; dosimetry; gate; parametrization
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  Data: OF5P57N2ZX (Alanine)<br />7440-44-0 (Carbon)
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  Data: <i>Date Created: </i>20260902 <i>Date Completed: </i>20260911 <i>Latest Revision: </i>20260911
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  Data: 20260911
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  Data: 10.1088/1361-6560/aea1d6
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  Data: 42685798
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=cmedm&AN=42685798
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        Value: 10.1088/1361-6560/aea1d6
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Radiometry methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Alanine
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      – SubjectFull: Monte Carlo Method
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