Academic Journal

K2FeO4-modified vinasse biochar reduces chromium accumulation in rice grains and enhances Cr(VI) reduction in paddy soil.

Λεπτομέρειες βιβλιογραφικής εγγραφής
Τίτλος: K2FeO4-modified vinasse biochar reduces chromium accumulation in rice grains and enhances Cr(VI) reduction in paddy soil.
Συγγραφείς: Xu M; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China. xumin_xyz@126.com., Da Y; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China.; The Seventh Geological Brigade of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 614000, China., Gao Y; PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu, 610056, China., Wu J; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China., Chen C; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China., Long L; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China., Deng M; Institute of Mineral Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China., Zhang B; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China., Yang G; College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University- Chengdu Campus, Chengdu, 611130, China., Ma J; College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
Πηγή: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2026 Jul; Vol. 33 (28), pp. 14201-14216. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Sep 01.
Τύπος έκδοσης: Journal Article
Γλώσσα: English
Στοιχεία περιοδικού: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9441769 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1614-7499 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09441344 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s): Publication: <2013->: Berlin : Springer
Original Publication: Landsberg, Germany : Ecomed
Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): Oryza*/metabolism , Chromium*/chemistry , Charcoal*/chemistry , Potassium Compounds*/chemistry , Ferrous Compounds*/chemistry , Soil Pollutants*, Soil/chemistry ; Iron Compounds
Περίληψη: K2FeO4-modified biochar (KFB) has shown potential for chromium (Cr) immobilization, but its effects on Cr transformation and translocation within the soil-rice continuum remain poorly understood. We synthesized KFB from vinasse-derived biochar and conducted a pot experiment with Cr-spiked soil (300 mg·kg-1) under four treatments: control (CK), 1% unmodified biochar (VB), 1% FeCl3-modified biochar (FB), and 1% KFB. After 120 days of rice growth, iron plaque (IP) and Cr fractions were determined to elucidate the impact of KFB on Cr dynamics in this system. Compared to CK, VB, and FB, KFB significantly reduced grain Cr concentration by 20.1, 5.3, and 4.1 times, respectively. KFB also increased dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-extractable Fe by 49.7%, 58.3%, and 31.5% relative to the three controls, suggesting enhanced IP formation and greater Cr sequestration within IP. The Cr(VI) reduction rate peaked at 90.6% under KFB, exceeding other treatments (83.9-87.6%). KFB exhibited the highest concentrations of Fe(II) and free Fe oxides, both positively correlated with IP formation and Cr complexation. In soil, Cr was predominantly associated with Fe-Mn oxides (FM: 56.3-58.9% of total Cr), with KFB yielding the highest FM-Cr content. Elevated organic matter in biochar-amended soils further promoted Cr immobilization. KFB effectively mitigates Cr accumulation in rice grains and enhances Cr(VI) reduction in rhizosphere soil, primarily via promoting iron plaque formation and Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cr sequestration.
(© 2026. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: This study does not involve human participants, human data, or human tissue, nor does it involve animal experiments. Therefore, no ethical approval was required. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent to publish: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript and consent to its publication in Environmental Science and Pollution Research. Competing interests: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
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Grant Information: 42107017 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 2023NSFSC0805 Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province; 2021ZDZX0012 Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program; 2022YFN0067 Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province
Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Fe-modified biochar; Hexavalent chromium; Iron plaque; Paddy soil; Soil remediation
Substance Nomenclature: 0R0008Q3JB (Chromium)
0 (biochar)
16291-96-6 (Charcoal)
0 (Soil Pollutants)
18540-29-9 (chromium hexavalent ion)
0 (Soil)
39469-86-8 (potassium ferrate)
0 (Potassium Compounds)
0 (Ferrous Compounds)
0 (Iron Compounds)
Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20260901 Date Completed: 20260916 Latest Revision: 20260916
Update Code: 20260917
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-026-38191-z
PMID: 42678492
Βάση Δεδομένων: MEDLINE