Academic Journal
Inhibitory neurotransmission in frontostriatal circuitry: implications for psychomotor and vegetative symptoms in depressive episodes.
| Τίτλος: | Inhibitory neurotransmission in frontostriatal circuitry: implications for psychomotor and vegetative symptoms in depressive episodes. |
|---|---|
| Συγγραφείς: | Steinholtz L; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. linda.steinholtz@uu.se., Persson J; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Thörnblom E; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Wall A; Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Imaging and Medical Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Lubberink M; Department of Surgical Sciences, Molecular Imaging and Medical Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Fällmar D; Department of Surgical Sciences, Neuroradiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden., Bodén R; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. |
| Πηγή: | BMC psychiatry [BMC Psychiatry] 2026 Aug 31; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Aug 31. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968559 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-244X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1471244X NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | gamma-Aminobutyric Acid*/metabolism , Synaptic Transmission*/physiology , Gyrus Cinguli*/metabolism , Gyrus Cinguli*/physiopathology , Gyrus Cinguli*/diagnostic imaging , Psychomotor Disorders*/physiopathology , Psychomotor Disorders*/metabolism , Corpus Striatum*/physiopathology , Corpus Striatum*/metabolism , Depressive Disorder*/physiopathology , Depressive Disorder*/metabolism , Depressive Disorder*/diagnostic imaging, Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Basal Ganglia/metabolism ; Basal Ganglia/physiopathology ; Basal Ganglia/diagnostic imaging ; Hypothalamus/metabolism ; Hypothalamus/physiopathology ; Bipolar Disorder/physiopathology ; Bipolar Disorder/metabolism ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) dysfunction has been implicated in depression, although research findings remain inconsistent. This may indicate that distinct biological mechanisms underlie different symptom profiles in depressive episodes. Altered GABA function might be especially relevant in cases characterised by psychomotor retardation and vegetative symptoms, which are prominent in melancholia. This study aimed to investigate if such melancholic features are related to GABA levels or GABA Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data obtained from a randomised controlled trial. Forty-two patients with either bipolar or unipolar depression were assessed before and after a course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. GABA and glutamate levels in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) were measured using a [1H] magnetic resonance spectroscopy MEGA-PRESS sequence. A subset of 28 patients underwent [11C]flumazenil positron emission tomography (PET) to evaluate GABA Results: The findings did not establish that psychomotor or vegetative symptoms were associated with GABA levels or GABA Conclusions: To better understand the relationship between GABA dysfunction and melancholic features, future studies should ideally focus on patients exhibiting more pronounced psychomotor and vegetative symptoms and examine additional cortical regions. (© 2026. The Author(s).) |
| Competing Interests: | Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study received ethical approval from the Research Ethical Review Board in Uppsala, reference number 2017/073. All participants provided written informed consent, and the study was conducted in full compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Basal ganglia; Bipolar disorder; Major depressive disorder; Terminal insomnia |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid) 0 (Receptors, GABA-A) 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260901 Date Completed: 20260901 Latest Revision: 20260908 |
| Update Code: | 20260908 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13531897 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12888-026-08573-1 |
| PMID: | 42675468 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
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