Academic Journal
Development and Psychometric Validation of the Human Papillomavirus Prevention Health Literacy Scale for College Students in Taiwan.
| Τίτλος: | Development and Psychometric Validation of the Human Papillomavirus Prevention Health Literacy Scale for College Students in Taiwan. |
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| Συγγραφείς: | Lai CY; Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan., Yang SC; Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan., Liu CY; Institute of Community Health Care, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin HR; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan., Liao YM; Institute of Clinical Nursing, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lee TY; School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan. |
| Πηγή: | The journal of nursing research : JNR [J Nurs Res] 2026 Oct 01; Vol. 34 (5), pp. e476. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 01. |
| Τύπος έκδοσης: | Journal Article; Validation Study |
| Γλώσσα: | English |
| Στοιχεία περιοδικού: | Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Country of Publication: China (Republic : 1949- ) NLM ID: 101128757 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1948-965X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16823141 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Nurs Res Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Publication: March 2009- : Hagerstown, MD : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Original Publication: Taipei, Taiwan, ROC : Taiwan Nurses Association, [2001- |
| Ιατρικοί όροι (MeSH): | Psychometrics*/standards , Psychometrics*/instrumentation , Psychometrics*/methods , Papillomavirus Infections*/prevention & control , Papillomavirus Infections*/psychology , Students*/psychology , Students*/statistics & numerical data , Health Literacy*/standards , Health Literacy*/statistics & numerical data , Health Literacy*/methods, Universities/organization & administration ; Universities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Taiwan ; Female ; Reproducibility of Results ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Male ; Adult ; Young Adult ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses |
| Περίληψη: | Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus associated with several types of cancer. Because college students are a high-risk group, understanding their health literacy with regard to HPV prevention is critical. However, no suitable measurement tools are currently available for this purpose. Purpose: In this study, an HPV Prevention Health Literacy Scale (HPV-HLS) was developed, and its reliability and validity were assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and the developed scale was validated on a sample of 372 college students from two universities in northern Taiwan and one university in central Taiwan. The initial scale comprised 49 items, developed from qualitative interviews and a literature review. After content validity assessment and item analysis, the scale was refined to 37 items. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted with 150 participants, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 222 participants. Concurrent validity and internal consistency reliability were assessed. Data were collected from November 2021 to December 2022. Results: The results of the EFA revealed a two-factor model accounted for 60.30% of the total variation, and those of the CFA demonstrated favorable goodness-of-fit indices (GFI = .81, CFI = .92, TLI = .91, RMSEA = .07, and SRMR = .02). Moreover, the average variance extracted (AVE) for the two factors were .56 and .64, respectively, with corresponding composite reliability (CR) values of .96 and .93, indicating excellent convergent validity. Notably, the AVE surpassed the squared product-moment correlation of the corresponding factors, affirming good discriminant validity. The final iteration of the HPV-HLS comprised 21 items with two subscales: comprehension and evaluation of general information and seeking information from health care professionals. Concurrent validity was found between the proposed scale and the Mandarin Multidimensional Health Literacy Questionnaire ( r = .68, p < .001). The HPV-HLS demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .959). Conclusions/implications for Future Practice: After rigorous psychometric testing, the newly developed HPV-HLS demonstrated excellent reliability and validity, establishing it as an objective tool for evaluating HPV prevention health literacy among college students. This HPV-HLS may be used by health care providers and educators to assess health literacy and evaluate the effectiveness of clinical interventions to prevent HPV infection. (Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, LLC. on behalf of the Taiwan Nurses Association.) |
| Competing Interests: | The authors declare no conflicts of interest. |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: HPV; college students; health literacy; human papillomavirus; scale |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20260828 Date Completed: 20260923 Latest Revision: 20260926 |
| Update Code: | 20260926 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC13608273 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000767 |
| PMID: | 42663177 |
| Βάση Δεδομένων: | MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1948-965X |
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| DOI: | 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000767 |